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Gavandi T, Patil S, Basrani S, Yankanchi S, Chougule S, Karuppayil SM, Jadhav A. MIG1, TUP1 and NRG1 mediated yeast to hyphal morphogenesis inhibition in Candida albicans by ganciclovir. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:2047-2056. [PMID: 38789908 PMCID: PMC11405576 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01344-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is a polymorphic human fungal pathogen and the prime etiological agent responsible for candidiasis. The main two aspects of C. albicans virulence that have been suggested are yeast-to-hyphal (Y-H) morphological transitions and biofilm development. Anti-fungal agents targeting these virulence attributes enhances the antifungal drug development process. Repositioning with other non-fungal drugs offered a one of the new strategies and a potential alternative option to counter the urgent need for antifungal drug development. In the current study, an antiviral drug ganciclovir was screened as an antifungal agent against ATCC 90028, 10231 and clinical isolate (C1). Ganciclovir at 0.5 mg/ml concentration reduced 50% hyphal development on a silicon-based urinary catheter and was visualized using scanning electron microscopy. Ganciclovir reduced ergosterol biosynthesis in both strains and C1 isolate of C. albicans in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, a gene expression profile study showed that ganciclovir treatment resulted in upregulation of hyphal-specific repressors MIG1, TUP1, and NRG1 in C. albicans. Additionally, an in vivo study on the Bombyx mori silkworm model further evidenced the virulence inhibitory ability of ganciclovir (0.5 mg/ml) against C. albicans. This is the first report that explore the novel anti-morphogenic activities of ganciclovir against the pathogenic C. albicans strains, along with clinical isolates. Further, ganciclovir may be considered for therapeutic purpose after combinations with standard antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanjila Gavandi
- Department of Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Biotechnology, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), 416006, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shivani Patil
- Department of Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Biotechnology, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), 416006, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sargun Basrani
- Department of Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Biotechnology, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), 416006, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shivanand Yankanchi
- Department of Zoology, Shivaji University, Vidya Nagar, 416004, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sayali Chougule
- Department of Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Biotechnology, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), 416006, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Mohan Karuppayil
- Department of Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Biotechnology, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), 416006, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Ashwini Jadhav
- Department of Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Biotechnology, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil Education Society (Deemed to be University), 416006, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
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Kurnia D, Lestari S, Mayanti T, Gartika M, Nurdin D. Anti-Infection of Oral Microorganisms from Herbal Medicine of Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:2531-2553. [PMID: 38952486 PMCID: PMC11215520 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s453375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The WHO Global Status Report on Oral Health 2022 reveals that oral diseases caused by infection with oral pathogenic microorganisms affect nearly 3.5 billion people worldwide. Oral health problems are caused by the presence of S. mutans, S. sanguinis, E. faecalis and C. albicans in the oral cavity. Synthetic anti-infective drugs have been widely used to treat oral infections, but have been reported to cause side effects and resistance. Various strategies have been implemented to overcome this problem. Synthetic anti-infective drugs have been widely used to treat oral infections, but they have been reported to cause side effects and resistance. Therefore, it is important to look for safe anti-infective alternatives. Ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological studies suggest that Red Betel leaf (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) could be a potential source of oral anti-infectives. This review aims to discuss the pathogenesis mechanism of several microorganisms that play an important role in causing health problems, the mechanism of action of synthetic oral anti-infective drugs in inhibiting microbial growth in the oral cavity, and the potential of red betel leaf (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) as an herbal oral anti-infective drug. This study emphasises the importance of researching natural components as an alternative treatment for oral infections that is more effective and can meet global needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dikdik Kurnia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Seftiana Lestari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Tri Mayanti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Meirina Gartika
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Denny Nurdin
- Departement of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
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Zhou Z, Wang S, Fan P, Meng X, Cai X, Wang W, Ma L, Ma H, Su J. Borneol serves as an adjuvant agent to promote the cellular uptake of curcumin for enhancing its photodynamic fungicidal efficacy against Candida albicans. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 253:112875. [PMID: 38430681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Candida albicans (C. albicans), a major opportunistic pathogenic fungus, is known to cause superficial skin infections. Unfortunately, the misuse of antibiotics has led to the emergence of drug resistance in fungi. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), a non-antibiotic alternative, has shown potential in treating drug-resistant fungal infections. Curcumin is a photodynamically active phytochemical whose photodynamic fungicidal efficacy is largely dependent on its intracellular accumulation. However, curcumin faces challenges in penetrating the cytoplasm due to its poor water solubility and the fungal cell wall. Borneol, another monoterpenoid phytochemical, is known for its ability to enhance drug absorption. In this study, we showed that borneol improved the cellular uptake of curcumin, thereby enhancing its photodynamic fungicidal efficacy against C. albicans. This effect was attributed to borneol's ability to increase cell permeability. Transcriptomic analysis further confirmed that borneol disrupted the normal structure and function of the C. albicans cell wall and membrane, resulting in dysregulated mRNA expression of related genes and ultimately increased cell permeability. As a result, the excessive accumulation of curcumin in C. albicans triggered the overproduction of intracellular ROS upon exposure to blue light. These excessive intracellular ROS disrupted various cellular structures, interfered with essential cellular processes, inhibited biofilm formation and reduced virulence. Remarkably, borneol was also found to enhance curcumin uptake by C. albicans within biofilms, further enhancing the anti-biofilm efficacy of curcumin-mediated aPDT (Cur-aPDT). In conclusion, the results of this study strongly support the potential of borneol as an adjuvant agent to Cur-aPDT in treating superficial cutaneous fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlong Zhou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; China-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengli Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Transformation, School of Basic Medicine and Public Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Penghui Fan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; China-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Meng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; China-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Cai
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wen Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lin Ma
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; China-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hang Ma
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Jianyu Su
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; China-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Guangzhou, China; Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, China.
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Vélez N, Argel A, Kissmann AK, Alpízar-Pedraza D, Escandón P, Rosenau F, Ständker L, Firacative C. Pore-forming peptide C14R exhibits potent antifungal activity against clinical isolates of Candida albicans and Candida auris. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1389020. [PMID: 38601736 PMCID: PMC11004338 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1389020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Invasive candidiasis is a global public health problem as it poses a significant threat in hospital-settings. The aim of this study was to evaluate C14R, an analog derived from peptide BP100, as a potential antimicrobial peptide against the prevalent opportunistic yeast Candida albicans and the emergent multidrug-resistant yeast Candida auris. Methods Antifungal susceptibility testing of C14R against 99 C. albicans and 105 C. auris clinical isolates from Colombia, was determined by broth microdilution. Fluconazole was used as a control antifungal. The synergy between C14R and fluconazole was assessed in resistant isolates. Assays against fungal biofilm and growth curves were also carried out. Morphological alterations of yeast cell surface were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. A permeability assay verified the pore-forming ability of C14R. Results C. albicans and C. auris isolates had a geometric mean MIC against C14R of 4.42 µg/ml and 5.34 µg/ml, respectively. Notably, none of the isolates of any species exhibited growth at the highest evaluated peptide concentration (200 µg/ml). Synergistic effects were observed when combining the peptide and fluconazole. C14R affects biofilm and growth of C. albicans and C. auris. Cell membrane disruptions were observed in both species after treatment with the peptide. It was confirmed that C14R form pores in C. albicans' membrane. Discussion C14R has a potent antifungal activity against a large set of clinical isolates of both C. albicans and C. auris, showing its capacity to disrupt Candida membranes. This antifungal activity remains consistent across isolates regardless of their clinical source. Furthermore, the absence of correlation between MICs to C14R and resistance to fluconazole indicates the peptide's potential effectiveness against fluconazole-resistant strains. Our results suggest the potential of C14R, a pore-forming peptide, as a treatment option for fungal infections, such as invasive candidiasis, including fluconazole and amphotericin B -resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norida Vélez
- Studies in Translational Microbiology and Emerging Diseases (MICROS) Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Andreys Argel
- Studies in Translational Microbiology and Emerging Diseases (MICROS) Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | | | - Daniel Alpízar-Pedraza
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba
| | | | - Frank Rosenau
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ludger Ständker
- Core Facility for Functional Peptidomics, Faculty of Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Carolina Firacative
- Studies in Translational Microbiology and Emerging Diseases (MICROS) Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
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Contreras-Martínez OI, Angulo-Ortíz A, Santafé-Patiño G, Aviña-Padilla K, Velasco-Pareja MC, Yasnot MF. Transcriptional Reprogramming of Candida tropicalis in Response to Isoespintanol Treatment. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1199. [PMID: 38132799 PMCID: PMC10744401 DOI: 10.3390/jof9121199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida tropicalis, an opportunistic pathogen, ranks among the primary culprits of invasive candidiasis, a condition notorious for its resistance to conventional antifungal drugs. The urgency to combat these drug-resistant infections has spurred the quest for novel therapeutic compounds, with a particular focus on those of natural origin. In this study, we set out to evaluate the impact of isoespintanol (ISO), a monoterpene derived from Oxandra xylopioides, on the transcriptome of C. tropicalis. Leveraging transcriptomics, our research aimed to unravel the intricate transcriptional changes induced by ISO within this pathogen. Our differential gene expression analysis unveiled 186 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to ISO, with a striking 85% of these genes experiencing upregulation. These findings shed light on the multifaceted nature of ISO's influence on C. tropicalis, spanning a spectrum of physiological, structural, and metabolic adaptations. The upregulated DEGs predominantly pertained to crucial processes, including ergosterol biosynthesis, protein folding, response to DNA damage, cell wall integrity, mitochondrial activity modulation, and cellular responses to organic compounds. Simultaneously, 27 genes were observed to be repressed, affecting functions such as cytoplasmic translation, DNA damage checkpoints, membrane proteins, and metabolic pathways like trans-methylation, trans-sulfuration, and trans-propylamine. These results underscore the complexity of ISO's antifungal mechanism, suggesting that it targets multiple vital pathways within C. tropicalis. Such complexity potentially reduces the likelihood of the pathogen developing rapid resistance to ISO, making it an attractive candidate for further exploration as a therapeutic agent. In conclusion, our study provides a comprehensive overview of the transcriptional responses of C. tropicalis to ISO exposure. The identified molecular targets and pathways offer promising avenues for future research and the development of innovative antifungal therapies to combat infections caused by this pathogenic yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Angulo-Ortíz
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia; (A.A.-O.); (G.S.-P.)
| | - Gilmar Santafé-Patiño
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia; (A.A.-O.); (G.S.-P.)
| | - Katia Aviña-Padilla
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the I.P.N. Unit Irapuato, Irapuato 36821, Mexico;
| | - María Camila Velasco-Pareja
- Bacteriology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia; (M.C.V.-P.); (M.F.Y.)
| | - María Fernanda Yasnot
- Bacteriology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia; (M.C.V.-P.); (M.F.Y.)
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Torres R, Barreto-Santamaría A, Arévalo-Pinzón G, Firacative C, Gómez BL, Escandón P, Patarroyo MA, Muñoz JE. In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Three Synthetic Peptides against Candida auris and Other Candida Species of Medical Importance. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1234. [PMID: 37627654 PMCID: PMC10451292 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12081234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Candidiasis is an opportunistic infection affecting immunosuppressed and hospitalized patients, with mortality rates approaching 40% in Colombia. The growing pharmacological resistance of Candida species and the emergence of multidrug-resistant Candida auris are major public health problems. Therefore, different antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are being investigated as therapeutic alternatives to control candidiasis effectively and safely. This work aimed to evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of three synthetic AMPs, PNR20, PNR20-1, and 35409, against ATCC reference strains of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, Candida krusei, and Candida tropicalis, and clinical isolates of C. auris. Antifungal susceptibility testing, determined by broth microdilution, showed that the AMPs have antifungal activity against planktonic cells of all Candida species evaluated. In C. auris and C. albicans, the peptides had an effect on biofilm formation and cell viability, as determined by the XTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Also, morphological alterations in the membrane and at the intracellular level of these species were induced by the peptides, as observed by transmission electron microscopy. In vitro, the AMPs had no cytotoxicity against L929 murine fibroblasts. Our results showed that the evaluated AMPs are potential therapeutic alternatives against the most important Candida species in Colombia and the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richar Torres
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca, Bogotá 110311, Colombia;
- Studies in Translational Microbiology and Emerging Diseases (MICROS) Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia; (C.F.); (B.L.G.)
| | - Adriana Barreto-Santamaría
- Receptor-Ligand Department Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (A.B.-S.); (G.A.-P.)
| | - Gabriela Arévalo-Pinzón
- Receptor-Ligand Department Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (A.B.-S.); (G.A.-P.)
| | - Carolina Firacative
- Studies in Translational Microbiology and Emerging Diseases (MICROS) Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia; (C.F.); (B.L.G.)
| | - Beatriz L. Gómez
- Studies in Translational Microbiology and Emerging Diseases (MICROS) Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia; (C.F.); (B.L.G.)
| | - Patricia Escandón
- Microbiology Group, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá 111321, Colombia;
| | - Manuel Alfonso Patarroyo
- Molecular Biology and Immunology Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Bogotá 111321, Colombia;
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Julián E. Muñoz
- Studies in Translational Microbiology and Emerging Diseases (MICROS) Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia; (C.F.); (B.L.G.)
- Public Health Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
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Li R, Wu J, He F, Xu Q, Yin K, Li S, Li W, Wei A, Zhang L, Zhang XH, Zhang B. Rational design, synthesis, antifungal evaluation and docking studies of antifungal peptide CGA-N12 analogues based on the target CtKRE9. Bioorg Chem 2023; 132:106355. [PMID: 36669359 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Candida tropicalis is a major non-albicans species that causes invasive candidiasis. CGA-N12, an anti-Candida peptide found by our group, disrupted cell wall architecture by inhibiting the activity of the protein killer-resistant 9 (KRE9), a β-1,6-glucan synthase specific to Candida spp. and plants. Herein, a set of CGA-N12 analogues were rationally designed based on the interaction networks between CGA-N12 and C. tropicalis KRE9 (CtKRE9). Seven CGA-N12 analogues with significantly improved antifungal activity against C. tropicalis were screened by reducing the docking energy of CGA-N12 and CtKRE9 and increasing the number of positive charges on CGA-N12 based on a stable three-dimensional model of CtKRE9. CGA-N12 and its analogues exhibited antifungal activity against C. tropicalis and its persist cells; they also inhibited biofilm formation and eradicated preformed biofilms. Compared with fluconazole, they displayed higher activities against the growth of persister cells and more effective preformed biofilm eradication. Among them, CGA-N12-0801, CGA-N12-0902 and CGA-N12-1002 displayed much higher activity and anti-proteinase digestion stability than CGA-N12. Specifically, CGA-N12-0801 was the optimal analogue, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 3.46 μg/mL and a therapeutic index of 158.07. The results of electronic microscopy observations and KRE9 activity inhibition assays showed that CGA-N12 and its analogues killed C. tropicalis by disrupting the architecture of the cell wall and the integrity of the cell membrane. In conclusion, for the first time, we provide a simple and reliable method for the rational design of antimicrobial peptides and ideal candidates for treating Candida infections that not effectively eliminated by azole drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang Li
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Henan University of Technology, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
| | - Jiasha Wu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Henan University of Technology, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Fuyang He
- School of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data, Henan University of Technology, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Qingpeng Xu
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Kedong Yin
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Shang Li
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Weitong Li
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Ao Wei
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Lan Zhang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Henan University of Technology, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xin-Hui Zhang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Henan University of Technology, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Henan University of Technology, 450001 Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
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8
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Kong D, Hua X, Zhou R, Cui J, Wang T, Kong F, You H, Liu X, Adu-Amankwaah J, Guo G, Zheng K, Wu J, Tang R. Antimicrobial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of MAF-1-Derived Antimicrobial Peptide Mt6 and Its D-Enantiomer D-Mt6 against Acinetobacter baumannii by Targeting Cell Membranes and Lipopolysaccharide Interaction. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0131222. [PMID: 36190276 PMCID: PMC9603722 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01312-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii is on the rise around the world, highlighting the urgent need for novel antimicrobial drugs. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) contribute to effective protection against infections by pathogens, making them the most promising options for next-generation antibiotics. Here, we report two designed, cationic, antimicrobial-derived peptides: Mt6, and its dextroisomer D-Mt6, belonging to the analogs of MAF-1, which is isolated from the instar larvae of houseflies. Both Mt6 and D-Mt6 have a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity that is accompanied by strong antibacterial activities, especially against A. baumannii planktonic bacteria and biofilms. Additionally, the effect of D-Mt6 against A. baumannii is stable in a variety of physiological settings, including enzyme, salt ion, and hydrogen ion environments. Importantly, D-Mt6 cleans the bacteria on Caenorhabditis elegans without causing apparent toxicity and exhibits good activity in vivo. Both Mt6 and D-Mt6 demonstrated synergistic or additive capabilities with traditional antibiotics against A. baumannii, demonstrating their characteristics as potential complements to combination therapy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) experiments revealed that two analogs displayed rapid bactericidal activity by destroying cell membrane integrity. Furthermore, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage cells, these AMPs drastically decreased IL-1β and TNF-a gene expression and protein secretion, implying anti-inflammatory characteristics. This trait is likely due to its dual function of directly binding LPS and inhibiting the LPS-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in macrophages. Our findings suggested that D-Mt6 could be further developed as a novel antimicrobial/anti-inflammatory agent and used in the treatment of A. baumannii infections. IMPORTANCE Around 700,000 people worldwide die each year from antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Acinetobacter baumannii in clinical specimens increases year by year, and it is developing a strong resistance to clinical drugs, which is resulting in A. baumannii becoming the main opportunistic pathogen. Antimicrobial peptides show great potential as new antibacterial drugs that can replace traditional antibiotics. In our study, Mt6 and D-Mt6, two new antimicrobial peptides, were designed based on a natural peptide that we first discovered in the hemlymphocytes of housefly larvae. Both Mt6 and D-Mt6 showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, especially against A. baumannii, by damaging membrane integrity. Moreover, D-Mt6 showed better immunoregulatory activity against LPS induced inflammation through its LPS-neutralizing and suppression on MAPK signaling. This study suggested that D-Mt6 is a promising candidate drug as a derived peptide against A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delong Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xuan Hua
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jie Cui
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology of Education Department of Guizhou, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Fanyun Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hongjuan You
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiangye Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | | | - Guo Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kuiyang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Sciences Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Renxian Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Sciences Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Antifungal potential of isoespintanol extracted from Oxandra xylopioides diels (Annonaceae) against intrahospital isolations of Candida SPP. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11110. [PMID: 36303897 PMCID: PMC9593293 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of isoespintanol (ISO) extracted from Oxandra xylopioides Diels (Annonaceae) against clinical isolates of Candida spp. Isoespintanol was obtained from the petroleum benzine extract of the leaves and was identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS). For antifungal activity experiments, the broth microdilution method was used. The results show an inhibitory effect against Candida spp., with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values between 450.4-503.3 μg/mL. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of ISO against fungal biofilms is highlighted, even in some cases, greater than the effect shown by amphotericin B (AFB) and in others, where AFB showed no effect. Assays with fluorescent staining with acridine orange (AO) and ethidium bromide (EB), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Evans blue, measurement of extracellular pH and leakage of intracellular material, evidenced damage at the level of fungal membranes and general cell damage, when cells were exposed to ISO, compared to untreated cells. The results of this research, serve as the basis for future studies in the establishment of the mechanisms of antifungal action of ISO, which could serve as an adjunct in the treatment of infections by these yeasts.
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Perez-Rodriguez A, Eraso E, Quindós G, Mateo E. Antimicrobial Peptides with Anti-Candida Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169264. [PMID: 36012523 PMCID: PMC9409312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycoses are accountable for millions of infections yearly worldwide. Invasive candidiasis is the most usual, presenting a high morbidity and mortality. Candida albicans remains the prevalent etiologic agent, but the incidence of other species such as Candida parapsilosis, Candida glabrata and Candida auris keeps increasing. These pathogens frequently show a reduced susceptibility to commonly used antifungal drugs, including polyenes, triazoles and echinocandins, and the incidence of emerging multi-drug-resistant strains of these species continues to increase. Therefore, the need to search for new molecules that target these pathogenic species in a different manner is now more urgent than ever. Nature is an almost endless source of interesting new molecules that could meet this need. Among these molecules, antimicrobial peptides, present in different sources in nature, possess some advantages over conventional antifungal agents, even with their own drawbacks, and are considered as a promising pharmacological option against a wide range of microbial infections. In this review, we describe 20 antimicrobial peptides from different origins that possess an activity against Candida.
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