The effect of bio-converted polyunsaturated fatty acids on the oxidation of TAG containing highly unsaturated fatty acids

Widely targeted metabolomics combined with E-tongue and E-nose reveal dynamic changes of tender coconut water in responses to the infection of Ceratocystis paradoxa

Ceratocystis paradoxa is a major cause of postharvest disease in tender coconuts worldwide. We conducted a comprehensive study using widely targeted metabolomics, electronic tongue (E-tongue), and electronic nose (E-nose) analyses to investigate the impacts of C. paradoxa invasion on the quality of tender coconut water (TCW) from fresh control (FC), uninoculated (UN), skin-inoculated (SI), and deep-inoculated (DI) nuts. DI exhibited significantly higher taste indicators associated with bitterness, saltiness, astringency aftertaste, and bitter aftertaste, as well as odor sensor values related to various compounds such as long-chain alkanes, hydrides, methane, organic sulfides, etc. Invasion of C. paradoxa into the endosperm altered the flavor characteristics of TCW mainly through the modulation of carbohydrate and secondary metabolite pathways. Furthermore, significant correlations were observed between the differentially expressed flavorful metabolites and the sensor indicators of the E-nose and E-tongue. These findings offer valuable insights into understanding the impact of C. paradoxa infection on coconuts.

Antibacterial activity of bioconverted eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) against foodborne pathogenic bacteria

The antimicrobial activity of bioconversion extracts of EPA and DHA against a range of foodborne pathogenic bacteria was investigated. The bioconverted EPA and DHA exhibited antibacterial activities against four gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and S. aureus (KCTC 1916) and seven gram-negative bacteria, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7, E. coli O157:H7 (human), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteritidis and S. typhimurium. The growth inhibition by both bioconverted EPA and DHA was similar against gram-positive bacteria, while the bioconverted extract of DHA was more effective than EPA against gram-negative bacteria as determined by minimum inhibitory concentration.