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Wangmo LK, Jabin G, Ghosh A, Priyambada P, Dalui S, Joshi BD, Singh VK, Dolker S, Mohapatra RK, Nair MV, Sharma LK, Thakur M. Genetic assessment of captive breeding program of Indian Pangolin: implications for conservation and management. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:136. [PMID: 38236328 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09090-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Captive breeding programs play a vital role in conservation of threatened species, necessitating an understanding of genetic diversity among captive individuals to ensure long-term genetic viability, appropriate mate selection, and successful reintroduction to native habitats. METHODS AND RESULTS We did not observe any recent genetic bottleneck, and population showed moderate genetic diversity. The estimated effective population size, representing individuals capable of contributing genetically to future generations, was estimated as 18.6 individuals (11.4-35.1 at 95% CI). Based on the genetic make-up and allelic diversity, we found seventeen pangolins (11 females and 6 males) were genetically unrelated and relatively more potent than others. CONCLUSION In this study, we evaluated the captive breeding program of the Indian pangolin population at the Pangolin Conservation Breeding Centre in Nandankanan Zoological Park, Bhubaneswar, Odisha. We highlight the significance of genetic monitoring within the captive population of Indian pangolin for preserving genetic diversity and ensuring the long-term survival of the species. We established the genetic profiles of all 29 pangolins and identified 17 pangolins to be prioritized for enhanced breeding and future zoo exchange programs. We appreciate the zoo authorities for promoting genetic assessment of pangolin for better and more effective monitoring of the captive breeding of the endangered Indian pangolin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenrik Konchok Wangmo
- Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700053, India
- University of Calcutta, Ballygunge, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India
| | - Gul Jabin
- Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700053, India
- University of Calcutta, Ballygunge, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India
| | - Avijit Ghosh
- Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700053, India
- University of Calcutta, Ballygunge, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India
| | - Prajnashree Priyambada
- Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700053, India
- University of Calcutta, Ballygunge, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India
| | - Supriyo Dalui
- Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700053, India
- University of Calcutta, Ballygunge, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India
| | - Bheem Dutt Joshi
- Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700053, India
| | - Vinaya Kumar Singh
- Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700053, India
| | - Stanzin Dolker
- Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700053, India
- University of Calcutta, Ballygunge, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India
| | | | - Manoj V Nair
- Nandankanan Zoological Park, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 754005, India
| | - Lalit Kumar Sharma
- Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700053, India
| | - Mukesh Thakur
- Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700053, India.
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Bai JY, Pang YZ, Zhang XH, Yun YX, Qi YX. Microsatellite Analysis of Genetic Diversity in Quail Populations from China. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2015-0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- JY Bai
- Henan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - YZ Pang
- Henan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - XH Zhang
- Henan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - YX Yun
- Henan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - YX Qi
- Henan University of Science and Technology, China
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Mukesh, Garg S, Javed R, Sood S, Singh H. Genetic evaluation of ex situ conservation breeding projects of Cheer Pheasant (Catreus wallichii) and Western Tragopan (Tragopan melanocephalus) in India. Zoo Biol 2016; 35:269-73. [DOI: 10.1002/zoo.21263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh
- Wildlife Institute of India; Chandrabani, Dehradun Uttarakhand India
- Amity Institute of Wildlife Sciences; Amity University; Noida Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Shipra Garg
- Jaypee University of Information Technology; Waknaghat Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Ruheena Javed
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics; Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center; Tianhe Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Shudhanta Sood
- Amity Institute of Wildlife Sciences; Amity University; Noida Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Harvinder Singh
- Jaypee University of Information Technology; Waknaghat Himachal Pradesh India
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Conflict bear translocation: investigating population genetics and fate of bear translocation in Dachigam National Park, Jammu and Kashmir, India. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132005. [PMID: 26267280 PMCID: PMC4534036 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Asiatic black bear population in Dachigam landscape, Jammu and Kashmir is well recognized as one of the highest density bear populations in India. Increasing incidences of bear-human interactions and the resultant retaliatory killings by locals have become a serious threat to the survivorship of black bears in the Dachigam landscape. The Department of Wildlife Protection in Jammu and Kashmir has been translocating bears involved in conflicts, henceforth 'conflict bears' from different sites in Dachigam landscape to Dachigam National Park as a flagship activity to mitigate conflicts. We undertook this study to investigate the population genetics and the fate of bear translocation in Dachigam National Park. We identified 109 unique genotypes in an area of ca. 650 km2 and observed bear population under panmixia that showed sound genetic variability. Molecular tracking of translocated bears revealed that mostly bears (7 out of 11 bears) returned to their capture sites, possibly due to homing instincts or habituation to the high quality food available in agricultural croplands and orchards, while only four bears remained in Dachigam National Park after translocation. Results indicated that translocation success was most likely to be season dependent as bears translocated during spring and late autumn returned to their capture sites, perhaps due to the scarcity of food inside Dachigam National Park while bears translocated in summer remained in Dachigam National Park due to availability of surplus food resources. Thus, the current management practices of translocating conflict bears, without taking into account spatio-temporal variability of food resources in Dachigam landscape seemed to be ineffective in mitigating conflicts on a long-term basis. However, the study highlighted the importance of molecular tracking of bears to understand their movement patterns and socio-biology in tough terrains like Dachigam landscape.
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Mukesh, Sharma LK, Kumar VP, Charoo SA, Mohan N, Goyal SP, Sathyakumar S. Loss of genetic diversity and inbreeding in Kashmir red deer (Cervus elaphus hanglu) of Dachigam National Park, Jammu & Kashmir, India. BMC Res Notes 2013; 6:326. [PMID: 24060051 PMCID: PMC3751512 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-6-326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hangul (Cervus elaphus hanglu), the eastern most subspecies of red deer, is now confined only to the mountains in the Kashmir region of Jammu & Kashmir State of India. It is of great conservation significance as this is the last and only hope for Asiatic survivor of the red deer species in India. Wild population of free ranging hangul deer inhabiting in and around Dachigam National Park was genetically assessed in order to account for constitutive genetic attributes of hangul population using microsatellite markers. Results In a pool of 36 multi-locus genotypes, 30 unique individuals were identified based on six microsatellite loci. The estimated cumulative probability of identity assuming all individuals were siblings (PID sibs) was 0.009 (9 in 1000). Altogether, 49 different alleles were observed with mean (± s.e.) allelic number of 8.17 ± 1.05, ranging from 5 to 11 per locus. The observed heterozygosity ranged between 0.08 and 0.83, with mean 0.40 ± 0.11 and the inbreeding coefficient ranged between −0.04 and 0.87 with mean 0.38 ± 0.15. Majority of loci (5/6) were found to be informative (PIC value > 0.5). All loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium except Ca-38 (P > 0.05) and none of the pairs of loci showed significant linkage disequilibrium except the single pair of Ca-30 and Ca-43 (P < 0.05). Conclusions The preliminary findings revealed that hangul population is significantly inbred and exhibited a low genetic diversity in comparison to other deer populations of the world. We suggest prioritizing the potential individuals retaining high heterozygosity for ex situ conservation and genetic monitoring of the hangul population should be initiated covering the entire distribution range to ensure the long term survival of hangul. We speculate further ignoring genetics attributes may lead to a detrimental effect which can negatively influence the reproductive fitness and survivorship of the hangul population in the wild.
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de Castro E Souza ASM, Miño CI, Del Lama SN. Polymorphic heterologous microsatellite loci for population genetics studies of the white-faced ibis Plegadis chihi (Vieillot, 1817) (Pelecaniformes, Threskiornithidae). Genet Mol Biol 2012; 35:74-80. [PMID: 22481877 PMCID: PMC3313519 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572012005000018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We screened 44 heterologous microsatellites isolated in species of the families Threskiornithidae, Ciconiidae and Ardeidae for their use in a migratory waterbird, the white-faced ibis Plegadis chihi (Vieillot, 1817) (Threskiornithidae). Of the screened loci, 57% amplified successfully and 24% were polymorphic. In two breeding colonies from southern Brazil (N = 131) we detected 32 alleles (2-10 alleles/locus). Average He over all loci and colonies was 0.55, and the combined probability of excluding false parents, 98%. There was no departure from HWE in any loci or population. Eru6 and Eru4 loci were in non-random association in the Alvorada colony, and NnNF5 and Eru5 in both populations. AMOVA analysis indicated that most of the genetic diversity was contained within populations. Structure analysis suggested a single population, and F(ST) value showed weak genetic structuring (F(ST) = 0.009, p = 0.05). The two populations are apparently connected through gene-flow. The panel of six microsatellites optimized here was sufficiently informative for characterizing the genetic diversity and structure in these natural populations of the white-faced ibis. The information generated could be useful in future studies of genetic diversity, relatedness and the mating system in Plegadis chihi and related species.
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