Clinical needs finding: developing the virtual experience-a case study

Insights from a Virtual Clinical Immersion Program

Clinical immersion programs provide opportunities for biomedical engineering (BME) students to observe the clinical environment and medical devices in use, often leading to the identification of unmet clinical needs. Due to hospital restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic, in-person clinical immersion programs were generally not possible in summer 2020. Therefore, a six-week virtual clinical immersion program ran that summer. The program included meetings with guest clinicians and medical device sales representatives twice per week, and a group discussion held once per week. The meetings incorporated de-identified videos of medical procedures, clinician commentary of the videos, live video tours of hospital areas, clinician presentations, presentations and demonstrations by medical device sales representatives, and opportunities for discussions with these guests. The meetings were recorded and saved to create a Virtual Clinical Immersion Library. Pre and post program student self-assessment surveys showed significant increases in five ABET learning outcomes, two BME learning outcomes, and four program-specific learning outcomes. Post-graduation survey results of alumni from this program showed that all respondents had secured a job in the biomedical/engineering field or postgraduate education less than three months after graduation. These alumni are currently employed in the fields of biomedical products, healthcare, research and development, higher education, biotech, consulting, pharmaceutical, and other engineering. Overall, this virtual clinical immersion program filled a gap caused by COVID-19 pandemic closures and provided many benefits to the students that participated. The virtual program also provides an enduring library of video resources for current and future BME students.

A Clinically Immersive Medical Innovation Program for US MD Students: Curricular Description and Program Outcomes

Background

There is growing need for physician-innovators to address the mounting challenges within the US healthcare system. Despite this, there remains a significant gap in understanding of the efficacy of innovation programs for US MD candidates. We present initial program outcomes of a novel, clinically immersive medical innovation program offered to MD candidates at the David Geffen School of Medicine (DGSOM) at UCLA.

Methods

A novel clinically immersive medical innovation curriculum was developed based on existing and reputable medical innovation frameworks and tailored for medical students. Curricular topics broadly included clinical ethnography, interviewing techniques, mind mapping, needs formulation and prioritization, quality improvement, intellectual property, reimbursement pathways, solution landscaping and prioritization, regulatory processes. The program was trialed during an unscheduled summer with voluntary enrollees from DGSOM Class of 2024. The traditional four-level Kirkpatrick model was employed to assess program outcomes.

Results

Program outcomes were positive on all four Kirkpatrick levels. Students rated enjoyment at 9.5/10 for lectures and 9.1/10 for clinical immersion. Student-perceived confidence in key skills increased by 43%, and 75% of faculty directly perceived improvement in ethnographic skills. Students were highly engaged in both didactics and clinical immersion, discovering on average 2.6 faculty-verified needs per week. Faculty largely felt their students discovered important unmet clinical needs and added value to their clinical practice.

Conclusion

We developed and trialed a novel clinically immersive medical innovation curriculum tailored for medical students. This program achieved positive outcomes on all four levels of the Kirkpatrick model. Our findings have driven the local adoption of this program into our institution's medical school curriculum. We hope that the program efficacy demonstrated herein catalyzes more institutions to trial similar medical innovation programs.

Perspectives on Bioengineering Clinical Immersion: History, Innovation, and Impact

Opportunities to provide clinical immersion experiences to bioengineering undergraduate students have expanded over the last several years. These programs allow students to observe the clinical environment in order to better understand workflow processes, the context in which medical equipment is used, and identify unmet needs firsthand. While each program focuses on identifying unmet needs, these experiences vary in content and implementation. Here we discuss features of clinical immersion programs, share details of our program after six years, and present data regarding post-graduation employment of our participants. Students who participated in the University of Illinois at Chicago Clinical Immersion Program are not more likely to pursue careers in industry as compared to non-participants, nor do they demonstrate an ability to find a job more quickly than non-participants. However, participants who did enter into industry self-reported that the program was impactful to both their career interests and ability to find their first employment position.

A Forward Move: Interfacing Biotechnology and Physical Therapy In and Out of the Classroom

Ongoing advances and discoveries in biotechnology will require physical therapists to stay informed and contribute to their development and implementation. The extent of our profession's involvement in how physical therapists engage biotechnology is determined by us. In this Perspective article, we advocate the need for our profession to educate clinicians alongside scientists, technologists, and engineers and empower them to collectively think more as codevelopers and less as "siloed" builders and consumers of biotechnology. In particular, we highlight the value of augmenting the physical therapy curricula to provide students with new levels of knowledge about the converging fields of engineering and physical therapy. We present successful examples of how such a concept can occur within physical therapist professional education programs and propose strategies to overcome perceived challenges that may stymie this possibility.