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Goedel WC, Coats CS, Chan PA, Sims-Gomillia CE, Brock JB, Ward LM, Mena LA, Nunn AS. A Pilot Study of a Patient Navigation Intervention to Improve HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Persistence Among Black/African American Men Who Have Sex With Men. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2022; 90:276-282. [PMID: 35312652 PMCID: PMC9203974 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suboptimal HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) care outcomes among Black/African American men who have sex with men (MSM) limits its population-level effects on HIV incidence. We conducted a pilot study of a brief patient navigation intervention aimed at improving PrEP initiation and persistence among Black/African American MSM in the Southern United States. SETTING Community health center in Jackson, MS. METHODS We recruited 60 Black/African American MSM aged 18-34 years who were newly prescribed PrEP. Participants were randomized to receive the clinic's current standard of care or an intervention condition including a single patient navigation session to discuss and address perceived barriers to initiating and maintaining access to PrEP and biweekly check-ins. Participants were followed over 6 months using survey assessments, medical chart review, and pharmacy purchase records to ascertain PrEP initiation and persistence. RESULTS Participants in the intervention condition were more likely to pick up their initial PrEP prescription [RR: 1.47; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10 to 1.97], be retained in PrEP care at 3 months (RR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.01 to 2.59) and 6 months (RR: 1.38; 95% CI: 0.64 to 2.93), and have access to PrEP medications greater than 80% of all study days based on pharmacy fill records (RR: 3.00; 95% CI: 1.50 to 5.98). CONCLUSION A brief patient navigation intervention demonstrated proof-of-concept in improving PrEP initiation and persistence among Black/African American MSM in the Southern United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- William C. Goedel
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Cassandra Sutten Coats
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Philip A. Chan
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Courtney E. Sims-Gomillia
- Department of Population Health Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - James B. Brock
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Lori M. Ward
- Department of Population Health Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Leandro A. Mena
- Department of Population Health Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Amy S. Nunn
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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Higa DH, Crepaz N, Mullins MM, Adegbite-Johnson A, Gunn JKL, Denard C, Mizuno Y. Strategies to improve HIV care outcomes for people with HIV who are out of care. AIDS 2022; 36:853-862. [PMID: 35025818 PMCID: PMC10167711 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of five intervention strategies: patient navigation, appointment help/alerts, psychosocial support, transportation/appointment accompaniment, and data-to-care on HIV care outcomes among persons with HIV (PWH) who are out of care (OOC). DESIGN A systematic review with meta-analysis. METHODS We searched CDC's Prevention Research Synthesis (PRS) Project's cumulative HIV database to identify intervention studies conducted in the U.S., published between 2000 and 2020 that included comparisons between groups or prepost, and reported at least one relevant outcome (i.e. re-engagement or retention in HIV care, and viral suppression). Effect sizes were meta-analyzed using random-effect models to assess intervention effectiveness. RESULTS Thirty-nine studies reporting on 42 unique interventions met the inclusion criteria. Overall, intervention strategies are effective in improving re-engagement in care [odds ratio (OR) = 1.79;95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.36-2.36, k = 14], retention in care (OR = 2.01; 95% CI: 1.64-2.64, k = 22), and viral suppression (OR = 2.50;95% CI: 1.87-3.34, k = 27). Patient navigation, appointment help/alerts, psychosocial support, and transportation/appointment accompaniment improved all three HIV care outcomes. Data-to-care improved re-engagement and retention but had insufficient evidence for viral suppression. CONCLUSION Several strategies are effective for improving HIV care outcomes among PWH who are OOC. More work is still needed for consistent definitions of OOC and HIV care outcomes, better reporting of intervention and cost data, and identifying how best to implement and scale-up effective strategies to engage and retain OOC PWH in care and reach the ending the HIV epidemic goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrel H Higa
- Division of HIV Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Nicole Crepaz
- Division of HIV Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Mary M Mullins
- Division of HIV Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | | | - Jayleen K L Gunn
- Division of HIV Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- U.S. Public Health Service
| | | | - Yuko Mizuno
- Division of HIV Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Palacio-Vieira J, Reyes-Urueña JM, Imaz A, Bruguera A, Force L, Llaveria AO, Llibre JM, Vilaró I, Borràs FH, Falcó V, Riera M, Domingo P, de Lazzari E, Miró JM, Casabona J. Strategies to reengage patients lost to follow up in HIV care in high income countries, a scoping review. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1596. [PMID: 34454444 PMCID: PMC8403456 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11613-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite remarkable achievements in antiretroviral therapy (ART), losses to follow-up (LTFU) might prevent the long-term success of HIV treatment and might delay the achievement of the 90–90-90 objectives. This scoping review is aimed at the description and analysis of the strategies used in high-income countries to reengage LTFU in HIV care, their implementation and impact. Methods A scoping review was done following Arksey & O′Malley’s methodological framework and recommendations from Joanna Briggs Institute. Peer reviewed articles were searched for in Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science; and grey literature was searched for in Google and other sources of information. Documents were charted according to the information presented on LTFU, the reengagement procedures used in HIV units in high-income countries, published during the last 15 years. In addition, bibliographies of chosen articles were reviewed for additional articles. Results Twenty-eight documents were finally included, over 80% of them published in the United States later than 2015. Database searches, phone calls and/or mail contacts were the most common strategies used to locate and track LTFU, while motivational interviews and strengths-based techniques were used most often during reengagement visits. Outcomes like tracing activities efficacy, rates of reengagement and viral load reduction were reported as outcome measures. Conclusions This review shows a recent and growing trend in developing and implementing patient reengagement strategies in HIV care. However, most of these strategies have been implemented in the United States and little information is available for other high-income countries. The procedures used to trace and contact LTFU are similar across reviewed studies, but their impact and sustainability are widely different depending on the country studied. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-11613-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Palacio-Vieira
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Badalona, Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain. .,Hospital Clinic-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Juliana Maria Reyes-Urueña
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Badalona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Arkaitz Imaz
- HIV and STI Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Andreu Bruguera
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Badalona, Spain.,Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Luis Force
- Internal Medicine, Hospital de Mataró-Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró, Spain
| | - Amat Orti Llaveria
- Internal Medicine, Hospital Verge de la Cinta de Tortosa, Tortosa, Spain
| | - Josep M Llibre
- Infectious Diseases and "Fight AIDS" Foundation, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | | | | | - Vicenç Falcó
- Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Josep M Miró
- HIV/AIDS Unit. Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Casabona
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Badalona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital Clinic-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Buchbinder M, Blue C, Juengst E, Brinkley-Rubinstein L, Rennie S, Rosen DL. Expert stakeholders' perspectives on a Data-to-Care strategy for improving care among HIV-positive individuals incarcerated in jails. AIDS Care 2020; 32:1155-1161. [PMID: 32160760 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2020.1737641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Data-to-Care (D2C) uses surveillance data (e.g., laboratory, Medicaid billing) to identify out-of-care HIV-positive persons to re-link them to care. Most US states are implementing D2C, yet few studies have explored stakeholders' perspectives on D2C, and none have addressed these perspectives in the context of D2C in jail. This article reports findings from qualitative, semi-structured interviews conducted with expert stakeholders regarding their perspectives on the ethical challenges of utilizing D2C to understand and improve continuity of care among individuals incarcerated in jails. Participants included 47 professionals with expertise in ethics and privacy, public health and HIV care, the criminal justice system, and community advocacy. While participants expressed a great deal of support for extending D2C to jails, they also identified many possible risks. Stakeholders discussed many issues specific to D2C in jails, such as heightened stigma in the jail setting, the need for training of jail staff and additional non-medical community-based resources, and the high priority of this vulnerable population. Many experts suggested that the actual likelihood of benefits and harms would depend on contextual details. Implementation of D2C in jails may require novel strategies to minimize risk of disclosing out-of-care patients' HIV status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Buchbinder
- Department of Social Medicine, Center for Bioethics, UNC Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Colleen Blue
- Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eric Juengst
- Department of Social Medicine, Center for Bioethics, UNC Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein
- Department of Social Medicine, Center for Health Equity Research, UNC Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Stuart Rennie
- Department of Social Medicine, Center for Bioethics, UNC Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - David L Rosen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, UNC Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Chen JS, Pence BW, Rahangdale L, Patterson KB, Farel CE, Durr AL, Antono AC, Zakharova O, Eron JJ, Napravnik S. Postpartum HIV care continuum outcomes in the southeastern USA. AIDS 2019; 33:637-644. [PMID: 30531320 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate postpartum HIV care outcomes. DESIGN A prospective clinical cohort of women with HIV and a live birth at the University of North Carolina, 1996-2014. METHODS We estimated two stages of the HIV care continuum in the first 24 months postpartum: care retention (at least two visits per year, ≥90 days apart) and viral suppression (HIV RNA < 400 copies/ml). Multivariable models were fit using logistic regression. RESULTS Among 1416 women, 141 experienced a live birth at a median age of 28 years, with 74% virally suppressed at delivery. Among all women, 48% were retained in care and 25% maintained viral suppression for the first 24 months postpartum. Among women with available HIV RNA measures, 42% were suppressed at 24 months. HIV care retention estimates were stable across calendar years, but viral suppression rates at 24 months postpartum, among women with available HIV RNA measures, increased from 33 to 67% from 1996-2001 to 2009-2014 (P = 0.04). Being at least 30 years old was positively, and receiving less than 12 weeks of antenatal antiretroviral therapy was negatively, associated with HIV care retention at 24 months postpartum [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.41, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.09-5.29 and AOR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.08-0.86]. Older maternal age and viral suppression at delivery were both positively associated with virologic suppression at 24 months postpartum (AOR: 2.52, CI: 1.02-6.22, and AOR: 6.42 CI: 1.29-31.97, respectively). CONCLUSION HIV care continuum outcomes decrease substantially postpartum, with younger women and those with less antenatal HIV care less likely to successfully remain engaged in HIV care following childbirth.
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