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Li H, Liu H, Zhu D, Dou C, Gang B, Zhang M, Wan Z. Biological function molecular pathways and druggability of DNMT2/TRDMT1. Pharmacol Res 2024; 205:107222. [PMID: 38782147 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
5-methylcytosine (m5C) is among the most common epigenetic modification in DNA and RNA molecules, and plays an important role in the animal development and disease pathogenesis. Interestingly, unlike other m5C DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), DNMT2/TRDMT1 has the double-substrate specificity and adopts a DNMT-similar catalytic mechanism to methylate RNA. Moreover, it is widely involved in a variety of physiological regulatory processes, such as the gene expression, precise protein synthesis, immune response, and disease occurrence. Thus, comprehending the epigenetic mechanism and function of DNMT2/TRDMT1 will probably provide new strategies to treat some refractory diseases. Here, we discuss recent studies on the spatiotemporal expression pattern and post-translational modifications of DNMT2/TRDMT1, and summarize the research advances in substrate characteristics, catalytic recognition mechanism, DNMT2/TRDMT1-related genes or proteins, pharmacological application, and inhibitor development. This review will shed light on the pharmacological design by targeting DNMT2/TRDMT1 to treat parasitic, viral and oncologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huari Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Laboratory Medicine, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Translational Medicine, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Medical University, No.2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, PR China.
| | - Huiru Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Laboratory Medicine, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Translational Medicine, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Medical University, No.2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, PR China
| | - Daiyun Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Chengli Dou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Laboratory Medicine, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Translational Medicine, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Medical University, No.2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, PR China
| | - Baocai Gang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Laboratory Medicine, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Translational Medicine, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Medical University, No.2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, PR China
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Laboratory Medicine, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Translational Medicine, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Medical University, No.2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, PR China
| | - Ziyu Wan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Laboratory Medicine, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Translational Medicine, and The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Medical University, No.2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, PR China
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2
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Noronha N, Durette C, Cahuzac M, E Silva B, Courtois J, Humeau J, Sauvat A, Hardy MP, Vincent K, Laverdure JP, Lanoix J, Baron F, Thibault P, Perreault C, Ehx G. Autophagy degrades immunogenic endogenous retroelements induced by 5-azacytidine in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2024; 38:1019-1031. [PMID: 38627586 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02250-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The hypomethylating agent 5-azacytidine (AZA) is the first-line treatment for AML patients unfit for intensive chemotherapy. The effect of AZA results in part from T-cell cytotoxic responses against MHC-I-associated peptides (MAPs) deriving from hypermethylated genomic regions such as cancer-testis antigens (CTAs), or endogenous retroelements (EREs). However, evidence supporting higher ERE MAPs presentation after AZA treatment is lacking. Therefore, using proteogenomics, we examined the impact of AZA on the repertoire of MAPs and their source transcripts. AZA-treated AML upregulated both CTA and ERE transcripts, but only CTA MAPs were presented at greater levels. Upregulated ERE transcripts triggered innate immune responses against double-stranded RNAs but were degraded by autophagy, and not processed into MAPs. Autophagy resulted from the formation of protein aggregates caused by AZA-dependent inhibition of DNMT2. Autophagy inhibition had an additive effect with AZA on AML cell proliferation and survival, increased ERE levels, increased pro-inflammatory responses, and generated immunogenic tumor-specific ERE-derived MAPs. Finally, autophagy was associated with a lower abundance of CD8+ T-cell markers in AML patients expressing high levels of EREs. This work demonstrates that AZA-induced EREs are degraded by autophagy and shows that inhibiting autophagy can improve the immune recognition of AML blasts in treated patients.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/immunology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Azacitidine/pharmacology
- Autophagy/drug effects
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use
- DNA Methylation/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bianca E Silva
- GIGA Institute, Laboratory of Hematology, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Justine Courtois
- GIGA Institute, Laboratory of Hematology, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | | | - Allan Sauvat
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Joël Lanoix
- IRIC, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Frédéric Baron
- GIGA Institute, Laboratory of Hematology, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | | | | | - Gregory Ehx
- IRIC, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- GIGA Institute, Laboratory of Hematology, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium.
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3
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Añazco-Guenkova AM, Miguel-López B, Monteagudo-García Ó, García-Vílchez R, Blanco S. The impact of tRNA modifications on translation in cancer: identifying novel therapeutic avenues. NAR Cancer 2024; 6:zcae012. [PMID: 38476632 PMCID: PMC10928989 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcae012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements have illuminated the critical role of RNA modifications in post-transcriptional regulation, shaping the landscape of gene expression. This review explores how tRNA modifications emerge as critical players, fine-tuning functionalities that not only maintain the fidelity of protein synthesis but also dictate gene expression and translation profiles. Highlighting their dysregulation as a common denominator in various cancers, we systematically investigate the intersection of both cytosolic and mitochondrial tRNA modifications with cancer biology. These modifications impact key processes such as cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, migration, metastasis, bioenergetics and the modulation of the tumor immune microenvironment. The recurrence of altered tRNA modification patterns across different cancer types underscores their significance in cancer development, proposing them as potential biomarkers and as actionable targets to disrupt tumorigenic processes, offering new avenues for precision medicine in the battle against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Añazco-Guenkova
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Borja Miguel-López
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Óscar Monteagudo-García
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Raquel García-Vílchez
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sandra Blanco
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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4
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Zhang D, Guo Q, You K, Zhang Y, Zheng Y, Wei T. m 6A-modified circARHGAP12 promotes the aerobic glycolysis of doxorubicin-resistance osteosarcoma by targeting c-Myc. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:33. [PMID: 38178201 PMCID: PMC10768094 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance accompanied by energy metabolism abnormality functions as one of the main reasons for treatment failure and poor prognosis. However, the function of N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-modified circular RNA (circRNA) on osteosarcoma (OS) is still unclear. Here, present research investigated the potential role and mechanism of circARHGAP12 on OS doxorubicin (Dox) resistance and aerobic glycolysis. Results indicated that circARHGAP12 was a novel m6A-modified circRNA, which was up-regulated in OS cells. Overexpression of circARHGAP12 promoted the Dox resistance half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) and aerobic glycolysis (glucose uptake, lactate and ATP production) in OS cells (Saos-2/Dox, MG63/Dox). Mechanistically, m6A-modified circARHGAP12 could bind with c-Myc mRNA through m6A-dependent manner, thereby enhancing the c-Myc mRNA stability. Thus, these findings revealed the critical function of circARHGAP12 on OS Dox-resistance and aerobic glycolysis. Taken together, our study demonstrated a critical function of circARHGAP12 on OS chemotherapy resistance and energy metabolism abnormality, providing critical roles on OS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zibo Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China
| | - Qingzhu Guo
- Department of Emergency, Zibo Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China
| | - Kemin You
- Department of Orthopedics, Zibo Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zibo Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China
| | - Yao Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Zibo Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Zibo Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China.
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5
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Lewinska A, Adamczyk-Grochala J, Wnuk M. TRDMT1-mediated RNA C-5 methylation as a novel target in anticancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188964. [PMID: 37625528 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Affected landscape of RNA modifications is frequently observed in different cancer cells that can be associated with the development of cancer cell phenotypic traits such as sustained proliferation, migration and invasion, apoptosis resistance and metabolic reprograming. DNMT2/TRDMT1 5-methylcytosine methyltransferase, initially classified as DNA methyltransferase, can methylate both tRNA and mRNA promoting tRNA stability and proper protein synthesis, and orchestrating DNA damage response (DDR) and DNA stability, respectively. TRDMT1 is associated with cancer progression as its levels can be elevated and its mutations can be observed in a number of cancer types. TRDMT1 gene knockout (KO) can sensitize cancer cells of different origin to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In the present review paper, based on literature data, the physiological and pathophysiological roles of TRDMT1 in different biological systems are described with the emphasis on human normal and cancer cells. Potential TRDMT1 substrates, inhibitors and regulatory mechanisms of catalytic activity and cellular localization are also presented and evaluated. TRDMT1 as a novel promising target in anticancer therapy is proposed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lewinska
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Jagoda Adamczyk-Grochala
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Maciej Wnuk
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland.
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Song X, Qiao Y, Zhang H, Sha L, Lou J, Yu X, Liu H, Zhu L, Zhou S. Malignant transformation of an aneurysmal bone cyst of the femoral neck: A case report. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:362. [PMID: 37408864 PMCID: PMC10318599 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a benign, distending, osteolytic and locally aggressive bone tumor that is mostly associated with trauma. Approximately 1% of bone tumors are ABCs, which are most prevalent in adolescents and are usually detected in the spine and long tubular bones. The diagnosis of ABC mainly relies on histopathology, malignant transformation is rare, and the chance of malignancy increases if there are multiple recurrences. Due to the rarity of reports of malignant transformation of ABCs into osteosarcoma, there is still considerable debate on the appropriate treatment strategy. The current paper presents a case of aneurysmal bone cyst malignant to osteosarcoma and the therapeutic measures to provide expertise for the diagnosis and treatment of ABCs that are malignant to osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Song
- Department of Joint Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of The Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Yongjie Qiao
- Department of Joint Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of The Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
| | - Haoqiang Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of The Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
| | - Lirong Sha
- Department of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010000, P.R. China
| | - Jinpeng Lou
- Department of Joint Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of The Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
| | - Xinyuan Yu
- Department of Joint Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of The Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of The Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
| | - Langfeng Zhu
- Department of Joint Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of The Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
| | - Shenghu Zhou
- Department of Joint Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of The Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
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7
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Zabek T, Szmatola T, Adamczyk-Grochala J, Lewinska A, Wnuk M. Knockout of TRDMT1 methyltransferase affects DNA methylome in glioblastoma cells. J Neurooncol 2023; 163:61-69. [PMID: 37169948 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04304-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We have previously shown that TRDMT1 methyltransferase is a regulator of chemotherapy-associated responses in glioblastoma cells. Despite the fact that glioblastoma, a common and malignant brain tumor, is widely characterized in terms of genetic and epigenetic markers, there are no data on TRDMT1-related changes in 5-methylcytosine pools in the genome. In the present study, the effect of TRDMT1 gene knockout (KO) on DNA methylome was analyzed. METHODS CRISPR-based approach was used to obtain TRDMT1 KO glioblastoma cells. Total 5-methylcytosine levels in DNA, DNMT1 pools and DNMT activity were studied using ELISA. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) was considered to comprehensively evaluate DNA methylome in glioblastoma cells with TRDMT1 KO. RESULTS TRDMT1 KO cells were characterized by decreased levels of total 5-methylcytosine in DNA and DNMT1, and DNMT activity. RRBS-based methylome analysis revealed statistically significant differences in methylation-relevant DMS-linked genes in control cells compared to TRDMT1 KO cells. TRDMT1 KO-associated changes in DNA methylome may affect the activity of several processes and pathways such as telomere maintenance, cell cycle and longevity regulating pathway, proteostasis, DNA and RNA biology. CONCLUSIONS TRDMT1 may be suggested as a novel modulator of gene expression by changes in DNA methylome that may affect cancer cell fates during chemotherapy. We postulate that the levels and mutation status of TRDMT1 should be considered as a prognostic marker and carefully monitored during glioblastoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Zabek
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1, 32-083, Balice, Poland
| | - Tomasz Szmatola
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1, 32-083, Balice, Poland
- Center for Experimental and Innovative Medicine, The University of Agriculture in Krakow, Redzina 1C, 30 248, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jagoda Adamczyk-Grochala
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Nature Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Anna Lewinska
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Nature Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Maciej Wnuk
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Nature Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310, Rzeszow, Poland.
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