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Chen Y, Peng D, Li J, Zhang L, Chen J, Wang L, Gao Y. A comparative study of different doses of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells improve post-stroke neurological outcomes via intravenous transplantation. Brain Res 2022; 1798:148161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kassis I, Ben-Zwi M, Petrou P, Halimi M, Karussis D. Synergistic neuroprotective effects of Fingolimod and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Immunol Lett 2021; 233:11-19. [PMID: 33676976 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Fingolimod (Gilenya™) is an effective oral medication approved for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), albeit less effective in chronic disease. Its main mechanism of action is through peripheral immunomodulation but neuroprotective effects may also be involved. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were shown to exert immunomodulatory and neurotrophic effects in the model of multiple sclerosis (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis-EAE). The use of combination treatments in chronic diseases such as MS, has long been advocated and may result in improvement of the beneficial effects of each one of them. We tested the in vitro effects of Fingolimod (FTY720) on MSC and the in vivo effect of such combination treatment in the model of EAE. Fingolimod did not affect in any detrimental way the basic features of MSCs and it promoted their migration and proliferation ability .Moreover, Fingolimod induced neurotrophic factors secretion and suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines from astrocytes and microglia, in vitro. In vivo, the combined treatment of FTY720 and MSC (either by the intravenous or the intra-cerebroventricular route of administration) resulted in synergistic clinical beneficial effects compared to FTY720 or MSC alone, paralleled by a significant reduction of inflammatory CNS infiltrations and of axonal loss. These data may indicate a synergism of fingolimod with MSC and may support future combinations of immunomodulatory drugs with cellular therapies for the improvement of the benefits in progressive forms of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Kassis
- Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Center, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Ein-Kerem, Israel.
| | - Moriel Ben-Zwi
- Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Center, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Ein-Kerem, Israel
| | - Panayiota Petrou
- Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Center, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Ein-Kerem, Israel
| | - Michele Halimi
- Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Center, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Ein-Kerem, Israel
| | - Dimitrios Karussis
- Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Center, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Ein-Kerem, Israel
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Namestnikova DD, Tairova RT, Sukhinich KK, Cherkashova EA, Gubskiy IL, Gubskiy LV, Yarygin KN. [Cell therapy for ischemic stroke. Stem cell types and results of pre-clinical trials]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018; 118:69-75. [PMID: 30499563 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201811809269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The literature review addresses the use of stem cells (SC) in ischemic stroke (IS). Part 1 of the paper overviews the results of experimental animal studies. Characteristics of different SC types and results of their studies in experimental models of IS are presented in the first section, the second section considers pros and cons of the methods of SC injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D Namestnikova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - R T Tairova
- National Research Institute of Cerebrovascular Pathology and Stroke, Moscow, Russia
| | - K K Sukhinich
- Kol'tsov Institute of Development Biology, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Cherkashova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - I L Gubskiy
- National Research Institute of Cerebrovascular Pathology and Stroke, Moscow, Russia
| | - L V Gubskiy
- National Research Institute of Cerebrovascular Pathology and Stroke, Moscow, Russia
| | - K N Yarygin
- Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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Wu KJ, Yu SJ, Shia KS, Wu CH, Song JS, Kuan HH, Yeh KC, Chen CT, Bae E, Wang Y. A Novel CXCR4 Antagonist CX549 Induces Neuroprotection in Stroke Brain. Cell Transplant 2016; 26:571-583. [PMID: 27938478 DOI: 10.3727/096368916x693563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is a receptor for a pleiotropic chemokine CXCL12. Previous studies have shown that the acute administration of the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 reduced neuroinflammation in stroke brain and mobilized bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The purpose of this study was to characterize the neuroprotective and neurotrophic effect of a novel CXCR4 antagonist CX549. We demonstrated that CX549 had a higher affinity for CXCR4 and was more potent than AMD3100 to inhibit CXCL12-mediated chemotaxis in culture. CX549 effectively reduced the activation of microglia and improved neuronal survival after injury in neuron/microglia cocultures. Early poststroke treatment with CX549 significantly improved behavioral function, reduced brain infarction, and suppressed the expression of inflammatory markers. Compared to AMD3100, CX549 has a higher affinity for CXCR4, is more efficient to mobilize HSCs for transplantation, and induces behavioral improvement. Our data support that CX549 is a potent anti-inflammatory agent, is neuroprotective against ischemic brain injury, and may have clinical implications for the treatment of stroke.
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Li G, Yu F, Lei T, Gao H, Li P, Sun Y, Huang H, Mu Q. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell therapy in ischemic stroke: mechanisms of action and treatment optimization strategies. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:1015-24. [PMID: 27482235 PMCID: PMC4962565 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.184506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal and clinical studies have confirmed the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on cerebral ischemia, but their mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Here, we summarize the transplantation approaches, directional migration, differentiation, replacement, neural circuit reconstruction, angiogenesis, neurotrophic factor secretion, apoptosis, immunomodulation, multiple mechanisms of action, and optimization strategies for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of ischemic stroke. We also explore the safety of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation and conclude that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation is an important direction for future treatment of cerebral ischemia. Determining the optimal timing and dose for the transplantation are important directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Fengbo Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Haijun Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Peiwen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yuxue Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Qingchun Mu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Treatment of Stroke. Transl Neurosci 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-7654-3_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Stem cell therapy for acute cerebral injury: what do we know and what will the future bring? Curr Opin Neurol 2014; 26:617-25. [PMID: 24136128 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000000023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The central nervous system has limited capacity for regeneration after acute and chronic injury. An attractive approach to stimulate neural plasticity in the brain is to transplant stem cells in order to restore function. Here, we discuss potential mechanisms of action, current knowledge and future perspectives of clinical stem cell research for stroke and traumatic brain injury. RECENT FINDINGS Preclinical data using various models suggest stem cell therapy to be a promising therapeutic avenue. Progress has been made in elucidating the mechanism of action of various cell types used, shifting the hypothesis from neural replacement to enhancing endogenous repair processes. Translation of these findings in clinical trials is currently being pursued with emphasis on both safety as well as efficacy. SUMMARY Clinical trials are currently recruiting patients in phase I and II trials to gain more insight in the therapeutic potential of stem cells in acute cerebral injury. A close interplay between results of these clinical trials and more extensive basic research is essential for future trial design, choosing the optimal transplantation strategy and selecting the right patients.
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Wang L, Lin Z, Shao B, Zhuge Q, Jin K. Therapeutic applications of bone marrow-derived stem cells in ischemic stroke. Neurol Res 2013; 35:470-8. [PMID: 23595085 DOI: 10.1179/1743132813y.0000000210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Wang
- Department of Neurology the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, China
| | - Zhenzhen Lin
- Department of Neurology the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, China
| | - Bei Shao
- Department of Neurology the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, China
| | - Qichuan Zhuge
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Researchthe First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, China
| | - Kunlin Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Researchthe First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, China
- Department of Pharmacology and NeuroscienceInstitute for Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, USA
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Eckert MA, Vu Q, Xie K, Yu J, Liao W, Cramer SC, Zhao W. Evidence for high translational potential of mesenchymal stromal cell therapy to improve recovery from ischemic stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2013; 33:1322-34. [PMID: 23756689 PMCID: PMC3764389 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Although ischemic stroke is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, current therapies benefit only a small proportion of patients. Transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC, also known as mesenchymal stem cells or multipotent stromal cells) has attracted attention as a regenerative therapy for numerous diseases, including stroke. Mesenchymal stromal cells may aid in reducing the long-term impact of stroke via multiple mechanisms that include induction of angiogenesis, promotion of neurogenesis, prevention of apoptosis, and immunomodulation. In this review, we discuss the clinical rationale of MSC for stroke therapy in the context of their emerging utility in other diseases, and their recent clinical approval for treatment of graft-versus-host disease. An analysis of preclinical studies examining the effects of MSC therapy after ischemic stroke indicates near-universal agreement that MSC have significant favorable effect on stroke recovery, across a range of doses and treatment time windows. These results are interpreted in the context of completed and ongoing human clinical trials, which provide support for MSC as a safe and potentially efficacious therapy for stroke recovery in humans. Finally, we consider principles of brain repair and manufacturing considerations that will be useful for effective translation of MSC from the bench to the bedside for stroke recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Eckert
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Quynh Vu
- Department of Neurology, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Kate Xie
- Department of Neurology, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Jingxia Yu
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Wenbin Liao
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Steven C Cramer
- Departments of Neurology and Anatomy and Neurobiology, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Weian Zhao
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
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Comparison of the therapeutic effects of bone marrow mononuclear cells and microglia for permanent cerebral ischemia. Behav Brain Res 2013; 250:222-9. [PMID: 23685323 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this study we transplanted bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) or microglia into rats that had undergone permanent cerebral ischemia and observed the distribution or morphology of transplanted cells in vivo. In addition, we compared the effects of BM-MNCs and microglia on infarct volume, brain water content, and functional outcome after permanent cerebral ischemia. BM-MNCs and microglia were obtained from femur and brain, respectively, of newborn rats. Adult rats were injected with vehicle or 3 million BM-MNCs or microglia via the tail vein 24h after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). The distribution or morphologic characteristics of transplanted BM-MNCs (double stained with BrdU/Cd34 or BrdU/CD45) and microglia (double stained with BrdU/Iba-1) were detected with immunofluorescent staining at 3 or 7 and 14 days after pMCAO. Functional deficits were assessed by the modified neurologic severity score at 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after pMCAO. Brain water content was assessed at 3 days, and infarct volume was determined at 14 days. We observed more BrdU/CD45 and BrdU/Iba-1 double-stained cells than BrdU/CD34 double-stained cells around the infarcted area. Some infused microglia showed the morphology of innate microglia at 7 days after pMCAO, and the number increased at 14 days. BM-MNC-treated rats showed significantly reduced infarct volume and brain water content compared to vehicle- and microglia-treated rats. In addition, BM-MNC treatment reduced neurologic deficit scores compared to those in the other groups. The results provide evidence that infusion of BM-MNCs, but not microglia, is neuroprotective after permanent cerebral ischemia.
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Anderson AJ, Haus DL, Hooshmand MJ, Perez H, Sontag CJ, Cummings BJ. Achieving stable human stem cell engraftment and survival in the CNS: is the future of regenerative medicine immunodeficient? Regen Med 2011; 6:367-406. [PMID: 21548741 DOI: 10.2217/rme.11.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is potential for a variety of stem cell populations to mediate repair in the diseased or injured CNS; in some cases, this theoretical possibility has already transitioned to clinical safety testing. However, careful consideration of preclinical animal models is essential to provide an appropriate assessment of stem cell safety and efficacy, as well as the basic biological mechanisms of stem cell action. This article examines the lessons learned from early tissue, organ and hematopoietic grafting, the early assumptions of the stem cell and CNS fields with regard to immunoprivilege, and the history of success in stem cell transplantation into the CNS. Finally, we discuss strategies in the selection of animal models to maximize the predictive validity of preclinical safety and efficacy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen J Anderson
- Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, 845 Health Science Road, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-1705, USA.
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Fan CG, Zhang QJ, Zhou JR. Therapeutic potentials of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human umbilical cord. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2011; 7:195-207. [PMID: 20676943 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-010-9168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs), isolated from discarded extra-embryonic tissue after birth, are promising candidate source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Apart from their prominent advantages in abundant supply, painless collection, and faster self-renewal, hUC-MSCs have shown the potencies to differentiate into a variety of cells of three germ layers (such as bone, cartilage, adipose, skeletal muscle, cardiomyocyte, endothelium, hepatocyte-like cluster, islet-like cluster, neuron, astrocyte and oligodendrocyte), to synthesize and secret a set of trophic factors and cytokines, to support the expansion and function of other cells (like hematopoietic stem cells, embryonic stem cells, natural killer cells, islet-like cell clusters, neurons and glial cells), to migrate toward and home to pathological areas, and to be readily transfected with conventional methods. Two excellent previous reviews documenting the characteristics of this cell population with special emphasis on its niche, isolation, surface markers and primitive properties have been published recently. In this review, we will firstly give a brief introduction of this cell population, and subsequently dwell on the findings of differential capacities with emphasis on its therapeutic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cun-Gang Fan
- Neurosurgical Department of Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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