Mesenchymal cells of the decidual tooth pulp: cytophenotype and initial evaluation of possibility of their use in bone tissue engineering

Effect of Bioactive Peptide Complex Isolated from Bovine Serum on Proliferation and Migration of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells In Vitro and Reparation of Bone Defects In Vivo

We studied the effect of a bioactive peptide complex isolated from bovine serum on the proliferative potential and migration rate of mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro, as well as on the healing of modeled bone defects in rats. This bioregulatory preparation stimulated proliferation of mesenchymal stromal cells from deciduous tooth pulp in vitro, but did not affect the rate of their migration in two-dimensional cultures. In vivo experiments showed that application of this preparation in combination with hydroxyapatite and chitosan gel accelerated bone tissue regeneration, thus ensuring restoration of morphologically normal bone matrix. Thus, cattle blood serum is an available source for the production of bioregulatory preparations for medical purposes.

Visualization of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in 2Dand 3D-Cultures by Scanning Electron Microscopy with Lanthanide Contrasting

Mesenchymal stromal cells from deciduous teeth in 2D- and 3D-cultures on culture plastic, silicate glass, porous polystyrene, and experimental polylactoglycolide matrices were visualized by scanning electron microscopy with lanthanide contrasting. Supravital staining of cell cultures with a lanthanide-based dye (neodymium chloride) preserved normal cell morphology and allowed assessment of the matrix properties of the carriers. The developed approach can be used for the development of biomaterials for tissue engineering.

Osteogenic Potential of Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Preclinical Studies: A Systematic Review Using Modified ARRIVE and CONSORT Guidelines

Background and Objective. Dental stem cell-based tissue engineered constructs are emerging as a promising alternative to autologous bone transfer for treating bone defects. The purpose of this review is to systematically assess the preclinical in vivo and in vitro studies which have evaluated the efficacy of dental stem cells on bone regeneration. Methods. A literature search was conducted in Ovid Medline, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science up to October 2014. Implantation of dental stem cells in animal models for evaluating bone regeneration and/or in vitro studies demonstrating osteogenic potential of dental stem cells were included. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used to ensure the quality of the search. Modified ARRIVE (Animal research: reporting in invivo experiments) and CONSORT (Consolidated reporting of trials) were used to critically analyze the selected studies. Results. From 1914 citations, 207 full-text articles were screened and 137 studies were included in this review. Because of the heterogeneity observed in the studies selected, meta-analysis was not possible. Conclusion. Both in vivo and in vitro studies indicate the potential use of dental stem cells in bone regeneration. However well-designed randomized animal trials are needed before moving into clinical trials.

Effect of calcium phosphate materials on multipotent mesenchymal cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED cells) in vitro

Various calcium phosphate ceramic materials were created and their effect on cultured mesenchymal cells from exfoliated deciduous tooth pulp was evaluated. Tricalcium phosphate ceramics provides best cell survival and is an optimal material for bone tissue engineering. Analysis of the effects of tricalcium phosphate ceramics on osteogenic differentiation of SHED cells suggests that this material potentiated dexamethasone-induced osteogenic differentiation, which manifested in the increased number of ossification foci and enhanced extracellular matrix production by cells. Thus, the tricalcium phosphate ceramics created by us is a promising biomedical material that can be used for tissue-engineered bone analogs.