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Nouni C, Theodosis-Nobelos P, Rekka EA. Antioxidant and Hypolipidemic Activities of Cinnamic Acid Derivatives. Molecules 2023; 28:6732. [PMID: 37764507 PMCID: PMC10535275 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia are important factors for the initiation and progression of various cell degenerative pathological conditions, including cardiovascular and neurological diseases. A series of cinnamic acid-derived acids, such as ferulic acid, sinapic acid, 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, and (E)-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)acrylic acid, were esterified or amidated with various moieties, bearing different biological activities, and evaluated. The antioxidant and radical scavenging abilities of the compounds via inhibition of rat hepatic microsomal membrane lipid peroxidation, as well as their interaction with the stable radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), were assessed. Further, their hypolipidemic activity in vivo was tested. The majority of the obtained compounds demonstrated considerable radical scavenging and antioxidant action, with a parallel decrease in Triton-induced hyperlipidemia in rats. The (E)-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)acrylic acid derivative with morpholine and 4-methylpiperidine (compounds 4 and 13, respectively) significantly decreased triglycerides and total cholesterol in the plasma of hyperlipidemic rats, with an antioxidant capacity similar to that of the antioxidant Trolox. The compounds were designed to exhibit antioxidant and hypolipidemic pharmacological actions, and this succeeded for the majority of them. Thus, such agents may be of interest in conditions and diseases implicating oxidative stress and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Nouni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Eleni A. Rekka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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2
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Cargnin-Carvalho A, da Silva MR, Costa AB, Engel NA, Farias BX, Bressan JB, Backes KM, de Souza F, da Rosa N, de Oliveira Junior AN, Goldim MPDS, Correa MEAB, Venturini LM, Fortunato JJ, Prophiro JS, Petronilho F, Silveira PCL, Ferreira GK, Rezin GT. High concentrations of fructose cause brain damage in mice. Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 101:313-325. [PMID: 36947832 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2022-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive fructose consumption is associated with the incidence of obesity and systemic inflammation, resulting in increased oxidative damage and failure to the function of brain structures. Thus, we hypothesized that fructose consumption will significantly increase inflammation, oxidative damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the mouse brain and, consequently, memory damage. The effects of different fructose concentrations on inflammatory and biochemical parameters in the mouse brain were evaluated. Male Swiss mice were randomized into four groups: control, with exclusive water intake, 5%, 10%, and 20% fructose group. The 10% and 20% fructose groups showed an increase in epididymal fat, in addition to higher food consumption. Inflammatory markers were increased in epididymal fat and in some brain structures. In the evaluation of oxidative damage, it was possible to observe significant increases in the hypothalamus, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus. In the epididymal fat and in the prefrontal cortex, there was a decrease in the activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes and an increase in the striatum. Furthermore, short memory was impaired in the 10% and 20% groups but not long memory. In conclusion, excess fructose consumption can cause fat accumulation, inflammation, oxidative damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction, which can damage brain structures and consequently memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Cargnin-Carvalho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health ScienceUniversidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mariella Reinol da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health ScienceUniversidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Costa
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health ScienceUniversidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nicole Alessandra Engel
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health ScienceUniversidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Bianca Xavier Farias
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health ScienceUniversidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Joice Benedet Bressan
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health ScienceUniversidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Kassiane Mathiola Backes
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health ScienceUniversidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Francielly de Souza
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health ScienceUniversidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Naiana da Rosa
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health ScienceUniversidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Aloir Neri de Oliveira Junior
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health ScienceUniversidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mariana Pereira de Souza Goldim
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health ScienceUniversidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Ligia Milanez Venturini
- Laboratory of Experimental Phisiopatology, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Jucélia Jeremias Fortunato
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health ScienceUniversidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Josiane Somariva Prophiro
- Immunoparasitology Research Group, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Fabrícia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health ScienceUniversidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Phisiopatology, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health ScienceUniversidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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3
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Li P, Gao Y, Ma X, Zhou S, Guo Y, Xu J, Wang X, Van Halm-Lutterodt N, Yuan L. Study on the Association of Dietary Fatty Acid Intake and Serum Lipid Profiles With Cognition in Aged Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:846132. [PMID: 35431907 PMCID: PMC9009143 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.846132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The correlation between dietary fatty acid (FA) intake and serum lipid profile levels with cognition in the aged population has been reported by previous studies. However, the association of dietary FA intake and serum lipid profile levels with cognition in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is seldom reported. Objective A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the correlation between dietary FA intake and serum lipid profiles with cognition in the aged Chinese population with T2DM. Methods A total of 1,526 aged Chinese subjects were recruited from communities. Fasting blood samples were collected for parameter measurement. The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) method was applied for a dietary survey. Cognition was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test. Dietary FA intake and serum lipid levels were compared between subjects with T2DM and control subjects. A logistic regression analysis was carried out for analyzing the association of FA intake and serum lipid levels with the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in subjects with T2DM and control subjects. Results There was a significant difference in the serum lipid level between the T2DM group and the control group. Results of the logistic regression analysis demonstrated the potential associations of serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) intake with the risk of MCI in subjects with T2DM, but the associations were not observed in control subjects. Conclusion The T2DM phenotype might affect the relationship between dietary FA intake, circulating lipids, and cognitive performance. Large prospective cohort studies are needed to uncover the underlying mechanism of how dietary FA intake and serum lipid levels affect cognition in aged subjects with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Gao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaobo Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, United Kingdom
| | - Yujie Guo
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xixiang Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Linhong Yuan
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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4
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Lorena FB, do Nascimento BPP, Camargo ELRA, Bernardi MM, Fukushima AR, do N Panizza J, de B Nogueira P, Brandão MES, Ribeiro MO. Long-term obesity is associated with depression and neuroinflammation. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2021; 65:537-548. [PMID: 34714995 PMCID: PMC10528574 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity is characterized by a state of chronic, low-intensity systemic inflammation frequently associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. METHODS Given that chronic inflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of mood disorders, we investigated if chronic obesity that was initiated early in life - lasting through adulthood - could be more harmful to memory impairment and mood fluctuations such as depression. RESULTS Here we show that pre-pubertal male rats (30 days old) treated with a high-fat diet (40%) for 8-months gained ~50% more weight when compared to controls, exhibited depression and anxiety-like behaviors but no memory impairment. The prefrontal cortex of the obese rats exhibited an increase in the expression of genes related to inflammatory response, such as NFKb, MMP9, CCl2, PPARb, and PPARg. There were no alterations in genes known to be related to depression. CONCLUSION Long-lasting obesity with onset in prepuberal age led to depression and neuroinflammation but not to memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda B Lorena
- Programa de Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Medicina Translacional, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Bruna P P do Nascimento
- Programa de Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Medicina Translacional, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Esther L R A Camargo
- Programa de Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Departamento de Pesquisa e Extensão, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde IGESP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Maria M Bernardi
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Paulista, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - André R Fukushima
- Departamento de Pesquisa e Extensão, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde IGESP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Julia do N Panizza
- Programa de Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Paula de B Nogueira
- Programa de Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Marllos E S Brandão
- Programa de Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Medicina Translacional, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Departamento de Pesquisa e Extensão, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde IGESP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Miriam O Ribeiro
- Programa de Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, SP, Brasil,
- Medicina Translacional, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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5
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Yu R, Li H. Longitudinal Assessment of Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anxiety and Depression among Prostate Cancer Survivors Post-Resection. Psychiatr Q 2021; 92:995-1009. [PMID: 33409928 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-020-09869-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Our study aimed to detect the longitudinal prevalence of anxiety and depression in prostate cancer survivors post-resection and their risk factors. A total of 169 prostate cancer patients who underwent resection were included and followed up for 3 years. Then anxiety and depression were assessed by Zung's Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) or Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) from the day of discharging from hospital to the last follow up every 3 months. Overall survival (OS) was calculated and documented. In prostate cancer survivors post-resection, the SAS score, anxiety occurrence rate, SDS score and depression occurrence rate all gradually elevated from baseline to month 36. Multivariate logistic regression analysis disclosed that age ≥ 65 years, education duration<9 years, marry status of single/divorced/widowed, unemployment before surgery, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia, higher Gleason score, higher pathological T stage, higher pathological N stage, positive surgical margin status were independent factors related to higher anxiety risk in the 3 years follow-up duration. Additionally, unemployment before surgery, hyperlipidemia, higher pathological T stage, higher pathological N stage, positive surgical margin status were independently associated with depression risk in the 3 years follow-up duration. In addition, baseline anxiety, baseline depression, 1-year depression and 2-year depression associated with worse OS. In conclusion, post-resection anxiety and depression continuously worsen in prostate cancer survivors, and age, marriage status, education duration, complications, and tumor features can serve as their risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruibin Yu
- Department of Urology Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150010, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Department of Urology Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150010, China.
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Liakh I, Sledzinski T, Kaska L, Mozolewska P, Mika A. Sample Preparation Methods for Lipidomics Approaches Used in Studies of Obesity. Molecules 2020; 25:E5307. [PMID: 33203044 PMCID: PMC7696154 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with alterations in the composition and amounts of lipids. Lipids have over 1.7 million representatives. Most lipid groups differ in composition, properties and chemical structure. These small molecules control various metabolic pathways, determine the metabolism of other compounds and are substrates for the syntheses of different derivatives. Recently, lipidomics has become an important branch of medical/clinical sciences similar to proteomics and genomics. Due to the much higher lipid accumulation in obese patients and many alterations in the compositions of various groups of lipids, the methods used for sample preparations for lipidomic studies of samples from obese subjects sometimes have to be modified. Appropriate sample preparation methods allow for the identification of a wide range of analytes by advanced analytical methods, including mass spectrometry. This is especially the case in studies with obese subjects, as the amounts of some lipids are much higher, others are present in trace amounts, and obese subjects have some specific alterations of the lipid profile. As a result, it is best to use a method previously tested on samples from obese subjects. However, most of these methods can be also used in healthy, nonobese subjects or patients with other dyslipidemias. This review is an overview of sample preparation methods for analysis as one of the major critical steps in the overall analytical procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Liakh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (I.L.); (T.S.); (P.M.)
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sledzinski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (I.L.); (T.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Lukasz Kaska
- Department of General, Endocrine and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Paulina Mozolewska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (I.L.); (T.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Adriana Mika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (I.L.); (T.S.); (P.M.)
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
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Apryatin SA, Trusov NV, Gorbachev AY, Naumov VA, Balakina AS, Mzhel'skaya KV, Gmoshinski IV. Comparative Whole-Transcriptome Profiling of Liver Tissue from Wistar Rats Fed with Diets Containing Different Amounts of Fat, Fructose, and Cholesterol. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:1093-1106. [PMID: 31693469 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919090128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Differential expression of 30,003 genes was studied in the liver of female Wistar rats fed with isocaloric diets with the excess of fat, fructose, or cholesterol, or their combinations for 62 days using the method of whole-transcriptome profiling on a microchip. Relative mRNA expression levels of the Asah2, Crot, Crtc2, Fmo3, GSTA2, LOC1009122026, LOC102551184, NpY, NqO1, Prom1, Retsat, RGD1305464, Tmem104, and Whsc1 genes were also determined by RT-qPCR. All the tested diets affected differently the key metabolic pathways (KEGGs). Significant changes in the expression of steroid metabolism gene were observed in the liver of animals fed with the tested diets (except the high-fat high fructose diet). Both high-fat and high-fructose diets caused a significant decrease in the expression of squalene synthase (FDFT1 gene) responsible for the initial stage of cholesterol synthesis. On the contrary, in animals fed with the high-cholesterol diet (0.5% cholesterol), expression of the FDFT1 gene did not differ from the control group; however, these animals were characterized by changes in the expression of glucose and glycogen synthesis genes, which could lead to the suppression of glycogen synthesis and gluconeogenesis. At the same time, this group demonstrated different liver tissue morphology in comparison with the animals fed with the high-fructose high-fat diet, manifested as the presence of lipid vacuoles of a smaller size in hepatocytes. The high-fructose and high-fructose high-fat diets affected the metabolic pathways associated with intracellular protein catabolism (endocytosis, phagocytosis, proteasomal degradation, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum), tight junctions and intercellular contacts, adhesion molecules, and intracellular RNA transport. Rats fed with the high-fructose high-fat or high-cholesterol diets demonstrated consistent changes in the expression of the Crot, Prom1, and RGD1305464 genes, which reflected a coordinated shift in the regulation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Apryatin
- Federal Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology, and Food Safety, Moscow, 109240, Russia.
| | - N V Trusov
- Federal Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology, and Food Safety, Moscow, 109240, Russia
| | - A Yu Gorbachev
- Federal Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology, and Food Safety, Moscow, 109240, Russia
| | - V A Naumov
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - A S Balakina
- Federal Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology, and Food Safety, Moscow, 109240, Russia
| | - K V Mzhel'skaya
- Federal Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology, and Food Safety, Moscow, 109240, Russia
| | - I V Gmoshinski
- Federal Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology, and Food Safety, Moscow, 109240, Russia.
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Theodosis-Nobelos P, Papagiouvannis G, Kourounakis PN, Rekka EA. Active Anti-Inflammatory and Hypolipidemic Derivatives of Lorazepam. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183277. [PMID: 31505754 PMCID: PMC6767220 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel derivatives of some non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, as well as of the antioxidants α-lipoic acid, trolox and (E)-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)acrylic acid with lorazepam were synthesised by a straightforward method at satisfactory to high yields (40%–93%). All the tested derivatives strongly decreased lipidemic indices in rat plasma after Triton induced hyperlipidaemia. They also reduced acute inflammation and a number of them demonstrated lipoxygenase inhibitory activity. Those compounds acquiring antioxidant moiety were inhibitors of lipid peroxidation and radical scavengers. Therefore, the synthesised compounds may add to the current knowledge about multifunctional agents acting against various disorders implicating inflammation, dyslipidaemia and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Theodosis-Nobelos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Frederick University, Nicosia 1036, Cyprus.
| | - Georgios Papagiouvannis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Panos N Kourounakis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Eleni A Rekka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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9
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Apryatin SA, Trusov NV, Gorbachev AJ, Naumov VA, Mzhelskaya KV, Balakina AS, Gmoshinski IV. Full Transcriptome Profiling of the Liver of Fat-, Fructose- and Cholesterol-Fed C57Black/6J Mice. RUSS J GENET+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795419040021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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de Melo MFFT, Pereira DE, Moura RDL, da Silva EB, de Melo FALT, Dias CDCQ, Silva MDCA, de Oliveira MEG, Viera VB, Pintado MME, Dos Santos SG, Soares JKB. Maternal Supplementation With Avocado ( Persea americana Mill.) Pulp and Oil Alters Reflex Maturation, Physical Development, and Offspring Memory in Rats. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:9. [PMID: 30728763 PMCID: PMC6351466 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is an oleaginous fruit source of fatty acids with high levels of neuroprotective phytocomplexes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the development of reflex and somatic maturation, fatty acid profiles in the brain, and memory in different stages of life in the offspring of dams supplemented with avocado pulp and oil during gestation and lactation. The dams were randomly divided into three groups (n = 15 pups/group), and recieved by gavage supplementation: control group (CG)-distilled water; Avocado Oil (AO)-3,000 mg avocado oil/kg animal weight, and Avocado Pulp (AP)-3,000 mg avocado pulp/kg animal weight. We performed the following tests: Analysis of Somatic Development and Ontogeny of Postnatal Reflex (T0 to T21), the Open Field Habituation Test and the Object Recognition Test (ORT) in the adolescent (T45) and adult (T90) phases. The cerebral fatty acids content was evaluated at times T0, T21, T45, and T90. The results were analyzed using the statistical program GraphPad Prism and significant statistics were considered when p < 0.05. Acceleration of reflex maturation and reflex ontogeny was observed in the offspring of AO and AP fed dams, with the results being more pronounced in the pulp fed group (p < 0.05). All groups presented a decrease in the ambulation parameter in the second exposure to the Open Field Habituation Test, at T45 and T90 (p < 0.05). In the ORT, the AO and AP offspring presented memory improvements in the short and long term in the adult and adolescent phases (p < 0.05). The results of the brain fatty acid profiles presented higher polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content in the AO and AP groups at T21, T45, and T90. The docosahexaenoic fatty acid (DHA) content was higher at T21 (AO and AP), at T45 (AO and AP), and at T90 (AP) (p < 0.05). The arachidonic acid (ARA) content was higher at T45 (AO and AP), and at T90 (AO) (p < 0.05). Maternal supplementation with avocado oil and pulp anticipates reflex maturation and somatic postnatal development, and improves memory during the adolescent and adult phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilia Ferreira Frazão Tavares de Melo
- Program of Food Science and Tecnology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Cuité, Brazil
| | - Diego Elias Pereira
- Program of Food Science and Tecnology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Cuité, Brazil
| | - Renally de Lima Moura
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Cuité, Brazil
| | - Elisiane Beatriz da Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Cuité, Brazil
| | | | - Celina de Castro Querino Dias
- Program of Food Science and Tecnology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Cuité, Brazil
| | - Maciel da Costa Alves Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Cuité, Brazil
| | - Maria Elieidy Gomes de Oliveira
- Program of Food Science and Tecnology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Laboratory of Bromatology, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Bordin Viera
- Laboratory of Bromatology, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Cuité, Brazil
| | | | | | - Juliana Késsia Barbosa Soares
- Program of Food Science and Tecnology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Cuité, Brazil
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Apryatin SA, Shipelin VA, Sidorova YS, Petrov NA, Gmoshinskii IV, Nikityuk DB. Interspecific Differences in Behavioral Responses and Neuromotorics between Laboratory Rodents Receiving Rations with Easily Digested Carbohydrates. Bull Exp Biol Med 2018; 165:5-9. [PMID: 29797123 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-018-4086-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the effect of intake of easily digested carbohydrates for 133 days on quantitative parameters of neuromotorics and cognitive function in Wistar rats and C57Bl/6J mice. Neuromotorics (muscle tone) was assessed in rats and mice by the forelimb muscle force (grip strength) over 4 months. Anxiety was assessed in the elevated plus-maze test and cognitive function (short-term and long-term memory) was evaluated by conditioned passive avoidance response (CPAR) test over 3 months. The mice, in contrast to rats, receiving the diet with easily digested sugars demonstrated suppression of neuromotorics. Anxiety increased with age in female mice, but not in rats, irrespective of the diet. Cognitive function in rats receiving experimental rations did not change significantly in comparison with the control. In mice, consumption of equimolar mixture of fructose and glucose impared short-term, but not long-term memory, in comparison with the group receiving glucose alone. We revealed a small (by 14-17%), but statistically significant increase in the brain weight in mice receiving fructose and sucrose. The study demonstrates sufficient interspecies differences in the influence of carbohydrate rations on neuromotorics and behavioral responses in the in vivo metabolic syndrome model.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Apryatin
- Federal Research Centre for Nutrition and Biotechnology, Moscow, Russia
| | - V A Shipelin
- Federal Research Centre for Nutrition and Biotechnology, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Yu S Sidorova
- Federal Research Centre for Nutrition and Biotechnology, Moscow, Russia
| | - N A Petrov
- Federal Research Centre for Nutrition and Biotechnology, Moscow, Russia
| | - I V Gmoshinskii
- Federal Research Centre for Nutrition and Biotechnology, Moscow, Russia
| | - D B Nikityuk
- Federal Research Centre for Nutrition and Biotechnology, Moscow, Russia
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Agustí A, García-Pardo MP, López-Almela I, Campillo I, Maes M, Romaní-Pérez M, Sanz Y. Interplay Between the Gut-Brain Axis, Obesity and Cognitive Function. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:155. [PMID: 29615850 PMCID: PMC5864897 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity continues to be one of the major public health problems due to its high prevalence and co-morbidities. Common co-morbidities not only include cardiometabolic disorders but also mood and cognitive disorders. Obese subjects often show deficits in memory, learning and executive functions compared to normal weight subjects. Epidemiological studies also indicate that obesity is associated with a higher risk of developing depression and anxiety, and vice versa. These associations between pathologies that presumably have different etiologies suggest shared pathological mechanisms. Gut microbiota is a mediating factor between the environmental pressures (e.g., diet, lifestyle) and host physiology, and its alteration could partly explain the cross-link between those pathologies. Westernized dietary patterns are known to be a major cause of the obesity epidemic, which also promotes a dysbiotic drift in the gut microbiota; this, in turn, seems to contribute to obesity-related complications. Experimental studies in animal models and, to a lesser extent, in humans suggest that the obesity-associated microbiota may contribute to the endocrine, neurochemical and inflammatory alterations underlying obesity and its comorbidities. These include dysregulation of the HPA-axis with overproduction of glucocorticoids, alterations in levels of neuroactive metabolites (e.g., neurotransmitters, short-chain fatty acids) and activation of a pro-inflammatory milieu that can cause neuro-inflammation. This review updates current knowledge about the role and mode of action of the gut microbiota in the cross-link between energy metabolism, mood and cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Agustí
- Microbial Ecology and Nutrition Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria P García-Pardo
- Microbial Ecology and Nutrition Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada López-Almela
- Microbial Ecology and Nutrition Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Campillo
- Microbial Ecology and Nutrition Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Michael Maes
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Marina Romaní-Pérez
- Microbial Ecology and Nutrition Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Yolanda Sanz
- Microbial Ecology and Nutrition Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
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