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Fernández-Aparicio Á, Schmidt-RioValle J, García PA, González-Jiménez E. Short Breastfeeding Duration is Associated With Premature Onset of Female Breast Cancer. Clin Nurs Res 2022; 31:901-908. [PMID: 35075913 DOI: 10.1177/10547738211069725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Currently, there is controversy concerning potential factors that contribute to the development of breast cancer. Our study analyzed the possible association between weight status, cigarette consumption, lactation period, serum estrogen levels, family history of breast cancer, and age at breast cancer diagnosis. We conducted a retrospective study at a University Hospital in Granada (Spain) by consulting the medical records of 524 women aged 19 to 91 years, all of them diagnosed and treated for breast cancer from 2011 to 2019. Our findings indicated that in non-morbidly obese females who were also non-smokers, a maternal lactation period of more than 3 months (p = .013) and the absence of family antecedents of cancer (p = .025) were statistically significant factors that led to a more advanced age at breast cancer diagnosis. Thus, maternal lactation seems to have a potential protective effect on breast cancer.
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Fabian CJ, Klemp JR, Marchello NJ, Vidoni ED, Sullivan DK, Nydegger JL, Phillips TA, Kreutzjans AL, Hendry B, Befort CA, Nye L, Powers KR, Hursting SD, Giles ED, Hamilton-Reeves JM, Li B, Kimler BF. Rapid Escalation of High-Volume Exercise during Caloric Restriction; Change in Visceral Adipose Tissue and Adipocytokines in Obese Sedentary Breast Cancer Survivors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194871. [PMID: 34638355 PMCID: PMC8508448 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aerobic exercise reduces risk for developing breast cancer or for breast cancer recurrence. In obese women exercise can significantly augment the effects of caloric restriction on visceral fat, reducing metabolic abnormalities and cancer. Women who are older, obese, and sedentary, especially those who have been treated for breast cancer, find it difficult to initiate and achieve the minimum or optimum levels of exercise. In a two-part pilot we found that by providing older, obese, sedentary breast cancer survivors 12 weeks of twice weekly personal training sessions, they could safely increase exercise to ≥200 min/week by 9 weeks during caloric restriction. At 24 weeks, high levels of exercise were still observed with continued behavioral support and study-provided exercise facility. Substantial improvement in visceral fat and breast cancer risk biomarkers were observed with this affordable intervention that is readily exportable to the community. Abstract Aerobic exercise reduces risk for breast cancer and recurrence and promotes visceral adipose tissue (VAT) loss in obesity. However, few breast cancer survivors achieve recommended levels of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) without supervision. In a two-cohort study, feasibility of 12 weeks of partially supervised exercise was started concomitantly with caloric restriction and effects on body composition and systemic risk biomarkers were explored. In total, 22 obese postmenopausal sedentary women (including 18 breast cancer survivors) with median age of 60 and BMI of 37 kg/m2 were enrolled. Using personal trainers twice weekly at area YMCAs, MVPA was escalated to ≥200 min/week over 9 weeks. For cohort 2, maintenance of effect was assessed when study provided trainer services were stopped but monitoring, group counseling sessions, and access to the exercise facility were continued. Median post-escalation MVPA was 219 min/week with median 12-week mass and VAT loss of 8 and 19%. MVPA was associated with VAT loss which was associated with improved adiponectin:leptin ratio. In total, 9/11 of cohort-2 women continued the behavioral intervention for another 12 weeks without trainers. High MVPA continued with median 24-week mass and VAT loss of 12 and 29%. This intervention should be further studied in obese sedentary women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol J. Fabian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (C.J.F.); (J.R.K.); (J.L.N.); (T.A.P.); (A.L.K.); (L.N.); (K.R.P.)
| | - Jennifer R. Klemp
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (C.J.F.); (J.R.K.); (J.L.N.); (T.A.P.); (A.L.K.); (L.N.); (K.R.P.)
| | - Nicholas J. Marchello
- Department of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Psychological Sciences, University of Central Missouri, P.O. Box 800, Warrensburg, MO 64093, USA;
| | - Eric D. Vidoni
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (E.D.V.); (B.H.)
| | - Debra K. Sullivan
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (D.K.S.); (J.M.H.-R.)
| | - Jennifer L. Nydegger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (C.J.F.); (J.R.K.); (J.L.N.); (T.A.P.); (A.L.K.); (L.N.); (K.R.P.)
| | - Teresa A. Phillips
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (C.J.F.); (J.R.K.); (J.L.N.); (T.A.P.); (A.L.K.); (L.N.); (K.R.P.)
| | - Amy L. Kreutzjans
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (C.J.F.); (J.R.K.); (J.L.N.); (T.A.P.); (A.L.K.); (L.N.); (K.R.P.)
| | - Bill Hendry
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (E.D.V.); (B.H.)
| | - Christie A. Befort
- Department of Population Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Lauren Nye
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (C.J.F.); (J.R.K.); (J.L.N.); (T.A.P.); (A.L.K.); (L.N.); (K.R.P.)
| | - Kandy R. Powers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (C.J.F.); (J.R.K.); (J.L.N.); (T.A.P.); (A.L.K.); (L.N.); (K.R.P.)
| | - Stephen D. Hursting
- Department of Nutrition, Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Erin D. Giles
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, 214 Cater-Mattil 2253 TAMU, 373 Olsen Blvd, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Jill M. Hamilton-Reeves
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (D.K.S.); (J.M.H.-R.)
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Bruce F. Kimler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-913-588-4523
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Eckel-Mahan K, Ribas Latre A, Kolonin MG. Adipose Stromal Cell Expansion and Exhaustion: Mechanisms and Consequences. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040863. [PMID: 32252348 PMCID: PMC7226766 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) is comprised of a diverse number of cell types, including adipocytes, stromal cells, endothelial cells, and infiltrating leukocytes. Adipose stromal cells (ASCs) are a mixed population containing adipose progenitor cells (APCs) as well as fibro-inflammatory precursors and cells supporting the vasculature. There is growing evidence that the ability of ASCs to renew and undergo adipogenesis into new, healthy adipocytes is a hallmark of healthy fat, preventing disease-inducing adipocyte hypertrophy and the spillover of lipids into other organs, such as the liver and muscles. However, there is building evidence indicating that the ability for ASCs to self-renew is not infinite. With rates of ASC proliferation and adipogenesis tightly controlled by diet and the circadian clock, the capacity to maintain healthy AT via the generation of new, healthy adipocytes appears to be tightly regulated. Here, we review the contributions of ASCs to the maintenance of distinct adipocyte pools as well as pathogenic fibroblasts in cancer and fibrosis. We also discuss aging and diet-induced obesity as factors that might lead to ASC senescence, and the consequences for metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Eckel-Mahan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Aleix Ribas Latre
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research Center, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Mikhail G. Kolonin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Correspondence:
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Adipose-Derived Stem Cells from Fat Tissue of Breast Cancer Microenvironment Present Altered Adipogenic Differentiation Capabilities. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:1480314. [PMID: 31511776 PMCID: PMC6710814 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1480314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells able to differentiate into multiple cell types, including adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes. The role of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in cancers is significantly relevant. They seem to be involved in the promotion of tumour development and progression and relapse processes. For this reason, investigating the effects of breast cancer microenvironment on ADSCs is of high importance in order to understand the relationship between tumour cells and the surrounding stromal cells. With the current study, we aimed to investigate the specific characteristics of human ADSCs isolated from the adipose tissue of breast tumour patients. We compared ADSCs obtained from periumbilical fat (PF) of controls with ADSCs obtained from adipose tissue of breast cancer- (BC-) bearing patients. We analysed the surface antigens and the adipogenic differentiation ability of both ADSC populations. C/EBPδ expression was increased in PF and BC ADSCs induced to differentiate compared to the control while PPARγ and FABP4 expressions were enhanced only in PF ADSCs. Conversely, adiponectin expression was reduced in PF-differentiated ADSCs while it was slightly increased in differentiated BC ADSCs. By means of Oil Red O staining, we further observed an impaired differentiation capability of BC ADSCs. To investigate this aspect more in depth, we evaluated the effect of selective PPARγ activation and nutritional supplementation on the differentiation efficiency of BC ADSCs, noting that it was only with a strong differentiation stimuli that the process took place. Furthermore, we observed no response in BC ADSCs to the PPARγ inhibitor T0070907, showing an impaired activation of this receptor in adipose cells surrounding the breast cancer microenvironment. In conclusion, our study shows an impaired adipogenic differentiation capability in BC ADSCs. This suggests that the tumour microenvironment plays a key role in the modulation of the adipose microenvironment located in the surrounding tissue.
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