|
1
|
Qiang Q, Luo Q, Wang H, Tian S, Su W, He H, Yang H, Li C, Zhang T. One-Pot Production of Cinnamonitriles from Lignin β-O-4 Segments Induced by Selective Oxidation of the γ-OH Group. J Org Chem 2024; 89:18424-18435. [PMID: 39655613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c02311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2024]
Abstract
The construction of N-containing aromatic compounds from lignin is of great importance to expanding the boundary of the biorefinery and meeting the demand for value-added biorefinery. However, it remains a huge challenge due to the complex lignin structure and the incompatible catalysis for C-O/C-C bond cleavage and C-N formation. Herein, sustainable synthesis of cinnamonitrile derivatives from lignin β-O-4 model compounds in the presence of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine oxide (TEMPO), (diacetoxyiodo)benzene (BAIB), and a strong base has been achieved in a one-pot, two-step fashion under transition-metal-free conditions. Mechanistic studies suggest that this transformation starts from selective oxidation of Cγ-OH of the β-O-4 model compound, followed by retro-aldol condensation, resulting in the cleavage of the Cα-Cβ bond to afford veratraldehyde. Whereafter, the aldol condensation reaction allows coupling of veratraldehyde with nitriles to provide cinnamonitriles. With this protocol, 3,4-dimethoxycinnamonitrile and 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl-2-phenylacrylonitrile were synthesized from lignin β-O-4 model compounds and showed good antibacterial or antifungal activity, showcasing the application potential of lignin in pharmaceutical synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Qiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qi Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- Faculty of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Hua Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shenglong Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Wentao Su
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haiyan He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huamei Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China
| | - Changzhi Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Zhang Q, Zhang L, Tang C, Luo H, Cai X, Chai Y. Cascade reaction of propargylic alcohols with hydroxylamine hydrochloride: facile synthesis of α,β-unsaturated oximes and nitriles. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|