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Sayyad MR, Puchalapalli M, Vergara NG, Wangensteen SM, Moore M, Mu L, Edwards C, Anderson A, Kall S, Sullivan M, Dozmorov M, Singh J, Idowu MO, Koblinski JE. Syndecan-1 facilitates breast cancer metastasis to the brain. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 178:35-49. [PMID: 31327090 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05347-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although survival rates for patients with localized breast cancer have increased, patients with metastatic breast cancer still have poor prognosis. Understanding key factors involved in promoting breast cancer metastasis is imperative for better treatments. In this study, we investigated the role of syndecan-1 (Sdc1) in breast cancer metastasis. METHODS To assess the role of Sdc1 in breast cancer metastasis, we silenced Sdc1 expression in the triple-negative breast cancer human MDA-MB-231 cell line and overexpressed it in the mouse mammary carcinoma 4T1 cell line. Intracardiac injections were performed in an experimental mouse metastasis model using both cell lines. In vitro transwell blood-brain barrier (BBB) and brain section adhesion assays were utilized to specifically investigate how Sdc1 facilitates brain metastasis. A cytokine array was performed to evaluate differences in the breast cancer cell secretome when Sdc1 is silenced. RESULTS Silencing expression of Sdc1 in breast cancer cells significantly reduced metastasis to the brain. Conversely, overexpression of Sdc1 increased metastasis to the brain. We found that silencing of Sdc1 expression had no effect on attachment of breast cancer cells to brain endothelial cells or astrocytes, but migration across the BBB was reduced as well as adhesion to the perivascular regions of the brain. Loss of Sdc1 also led to changes in breast cancer cell-secreted cytokines/chemokines, which may influence the BBB. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our study demonstrates a role for Sdc1 in promoting breast cancer metastasis to the brain. These findings suggest that Sdc1 supports breast cancer cell migration across the BBB through regulation of cytokines, which may modulate the BBB. Further elucidating this mechanism will allow for the development of therapeutic strategies to combat brain metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan R Sayyad
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Madhavi Puchalapalli
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Women's Cancer Research Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Natasha G Vergara
- Department of Pathology, Women's Cancer Research Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,McCormick School of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Sierra Mosticone Wangensteen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Melvin Moore
- Department of Pathology, Women's Cancer Research Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,McCormick School of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Liang Mu
- Department of Pathology, Women's Cancer Research Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chevaunne Edwards
- Department of Pathology, Women's Cancer Research Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aubree Anderson
- Department of Pathology, Women's Cancer Research Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stefanie Kall
- Department of Pathology, Women's Cancer Research Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,McCormick School of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Megan Sullivan
- Department of Pathology, Women's Cancer Research Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mikhail Dozmorov
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jaime Singh
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Michael O Idowu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jennifer E Koblinski
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Women's Cancer Research Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Sanger Hall 4-013, 1101 E. Marshall St, Box 980662, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
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2
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Ye X, Zhao L, Kang J. Expression and significance of PTEN and Claudin-3 in prostate cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:5628-5634. [PMID: 31186785 PMCID: PMC6507465 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression and significance of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and Claudin-3 in the blood of patients with prostate cancer [prostate cancer (PCa)] were investigated. Retrospective analysis of 84 cases of PCa patients confirmed by pathological diagnosis were studied, as the experiment group. Moreover, the physical examination data of 84 healthy volunteers examined in the Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University were the control group. The expression levels of blood in the PTEN and Claudin-3 of both the experiment group and the control group were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. According to the blood expression in PTEN and Claudin-3 between both the experiment group and the control group, the test value of the ROC curve in PTEN and Claudin-3 were detected by both single detection and joint detection. The expression levels of PTEN in the experiment group were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). The expression levels of Claudin-3 were higher in the experiment group than the control group (P<0.01). The expression levels of PTEN and Claudin-3 in the experiment group were significantly associated with the distant metastasis of cancer cells, preoperative prostate-specific antigen levels, tumor diameter and pathological stages (P<0.01). The expression levels of PTEN in the pathological stage of T1-T2 group was lower than that of the T3-T4 group (P<0.01). The expression levels of PTEN and Claudin-3 are closely related to the distant metastasis of cancer cells, preoperative prostate-specific antigen level, tumor diameter and pathological stage. Combined detection of both PTEN and Claudin-3 can improve the specificity levels of PCa for diagnosis and has an important diagnostic value for PCa. It can be used as a biological indicator for PCa diagnosis, disease severity analysis and efficacy evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglong Ye
- Department of Urology Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132001, P.R. China
| | - Lijing Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin Medical College, Jilin, Jilin 132001, P.R. China
| | - Jing Kang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin Medical College, Jilin, Jilin 132001, P.R. China
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3
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Malignant invasion of the central nervous system: the hidden face of a poorly understood outcome of prostate cancer. World J Urol 2018; 36:2009-2019. [PMID: 29980839 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-018-2392-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignancies of the central nervous system include primary brain tumors and brain metastases, the latter being the major cause of intracranial neoplasms in adults. Although prostate cancer (PCa) brain metastases are not the most common source, recent data show that the relevance of prostate cancer brain metastases (PCBM) cannot be neglected. In this review, we focus on the molecular repertory as well as on the phenotypical similarities between PCBM and primary PCa, such as the cellular evolution and the maintenance of androgen-receptor expression. Moreover, the simultaneous occurrence of PCBM with other PCa metastatic sites and the significance of the clinical heterogeneity of the disease are also discussed. In addition, a potential relationship between the heterogeneous behavior exhibited by PCBM and the co-occurrence of malignant cell clusters with distinct genetic profiles is also hypothesized, as well as the prominent role of astrocytes in the establishment of PCBM.
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4
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Li Q, Yin L, Jones LW, Chu GCY, Wu JBY, Huang JM, Li Q, You S, Kim J, Lu YT, Mrdenovic S, Wang R, Freeman MR, Garraway I, Lewis MS, Chung LWK, Zhau HE. Keratin 13 expression reprograms bone and brain metastases of human prostate cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:84645-84657. [PMID: 27835867 PMCID: PMC5356688 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lethal progression of prostate cancer metastasis can be improved by developing animal models that recapitulate the clinical conditions. We report here that cytokeratin 13 (KRT13), an intermediate filament protein, plays a directive role in prostate cancer bone, brain, and soft tissue metastases. KRT13 expression was elevated in bone, brain, and soft tissue metastatic prostate cancer cell lines and in primary and metastatic clinical prostate, lung, and breast cancer specimens. When KRT13 expression was determined at a single cell level in primary tumor tissues of 44 prostate cancer cases, KRT13 level predicted bone metastasis and the overall survival of prostate cancer patients. Genetically enforced KRT13 expression in human prostate cancer cell lines drove metastases toward mouse bone, brain and soft tissues through a RANKL-independent mechanism, as KRT13 altered the expression of genes associated with EMT, stemness, neuroendocrine/neuromimicry, osteomimicry, development, and extracellular matrices, but not receptor activator NF-κB ligand (RANKL) signaling networks in prostate cancer cells. Our results suggest new inhibitors targeting RANKL-independent pathways should be developed for the treatment of prostate cancer bone and soft tissue metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinlong Li
- Uro-Oncology Research Program, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Current address: Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lijuan Yin
- Uro-Oncology Research Program, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lawrence W Jones
- Urological Research, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Gina C-Y Chu
- Uro-Oncology Research Program, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jason B-Y Wu
- Uro-Oncology Research Program, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jen-Ming Huang
- Uro-Oncology Research Program, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Quanlin Li
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sungyong You
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jayoung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yi-Tsung Lu
- John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stefan Mrdenovic
- Uro-Oncology Research Program, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ruoxiang Wang
- Uro-Oncology Research Program, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael R Freeman
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Isla Garraway
- Department of Urology and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA and Division of Urology, Greater Los Angeles Veteran's Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael S Lewis
- Sepulveda Research Corporation VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Leland W K Chung
- Uro-Oncology Research Program, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Haiyen E Zhau
- Uro-Oncology Research Program, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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5
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Wei A, Fan B, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Wang L, Yu X, Yuan Q, Yang D, Wang S. ST6Gal-I overexpression facilitates prostate cancer progression via the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 7:65374-65388. [PMID: 27588482 PMCID: PMC5323162 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ST6Gal-I sialyltransferase adds α2,6-linked sialic acids to the terminal ends of glycan chains of glycoproteins and glycolipids. ST6Gal-I is reportedly upregulated in many cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma, ovarian cancer and breast cancer. However, the expression and function of ST6Gal-I in prostate cancer (PCa) and the mechanism underlying this function remain largely unknown. In this study, we observed that ST6Gal-I expression was upregulated in human PCa tissues compared to non-malignant prostate tissues. High ST6Gal-I expression was positively correlated with Gleason scores, seminal vesicle involvement and poor survival in patients with PCa. ST6Gal-I knockdown in aggressive prostate cancer PC-3 and DU145 cells significantly inhibited the proliferation, growth, migration and invasion capabilities of these cells. ST6Gal-I knockdown decreased the levels of several PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β/ β-catenin pathway components, such as p-PI3K, (Ser473)p-Akt, (Ser9)p-GSK-3β and β-catenin. Furthermore, targeting this pathway with a PI3K inhibitor or Akt RNA interference decreased p-Akt, p-GSK-3β and β-catenin expression, resulting in decreased PC-3 and DU145 proliferation, migration and invasion. Taken together, these results indicate that ST6Gal-I plays a critical role in cell proliferation and invasion via the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway during PCa progression and that it might be a promising target for PCa prognosis determination and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwen Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Bo Fan
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yujie Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qingmin Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Deyong Yang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shujing Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
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6
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Aydemir Çoban E, Şahin F. Cancer Stem Cells in Metastasis Therapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1089:97-113. [PMID: 30255300 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tumors consists of subpopulation of cells in which each subtype has contributes to tumor progression. Specifically one subtype known as cancer stem cells are associated with the initiation, progression, resistance to conventional therapies and metastasis. Metastasis is leading cause of cancer related deaths. Overall it is important to consider cancer as a whole in which a mutated cell proliferating indefinitely and forming its hierarchy consisting of subgroups with different molecular signatures. To be able to target this disease we need to evaluate every step including initiation, progression, survival, angiogenesis and finally migration and repopulation. Cancer stem cells do play vital roles in each step however when metastasis can be stopped or eliminated we talk about saving a life or improving its quality. Considering how deeply these cancer stem like cells affect the tumor life and metastasis it is crucial to develop effective strategies against them. Metastatic cascade can also be directed by membrane derived vesicles specifically exosomes. Several studies show the role of exosomes in mediating cellular migration and pre-metastatic niche formation. During this chapter we wanted to explain in detail how the metastasis occur in tumor and how cancer stem cells contribute into the development of metastatic cascade and possibly suggest therapeutic approaches against cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Aydemir Çoban
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Şahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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7
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Liu Q, Zhang H, Jiang X, Qian C, Liu Z, Luo D. Factors involved in cancer metastasis: a better understanding to "seed and soil" hypothesis. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:176. [PMID: 29197379 PMCID: PMC5712107 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0742-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis has intrigued researchers for more than 100 years. Despite the development of technologies and therapeutic strategies, metastasis is still the major cause of cancer-related death until today. The famous "seed and soil" hypothesis is widely cited and accepted, and it still provides significant instructions in cancer research until today. To our knowledge, there are few reviews that comprehensively and correlatively focus on both the seed and soil factors involved in cancer metastasis; moreover, despite the fact that increasingly underlying mechanisms and concepts have been defined recently, previous perspectives are appealing but may be limited. Hence, we reviewed factors involved in cancer metastasis, including both seed and soil factors. By integrating new concepts with the classic hypothesis, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the "seed and soil" hypothesis and to conceptualize the framework for understanding factors involved in cancer metastasis. Based on a dynamic overview of this field, we also discuss potential implications for future research and clinical therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- First Clinical Medical College, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongfei Zhang
- Queen Mary School, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Bayi Road, No.461, 330006, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiyun Qian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Bayi Road, No.461, 330006, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuoqi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Bayi Road, No.461, 330006, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Daya Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Bayi Road, No.461, 330006, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathogens and Molecular Pathology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Bayi Road, No.461, 330006, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Zhong W, Hu C. [Tumor Cells and Micro-environment in Brain Metastases]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2017; 19:626-35. [PMID: 27666556 PMCID: PMC5972957 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2016.09.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
近年来,随着早期诊断的方法的出现及精准治疗的应用,肺癌患者的生存及生活质量都得到很大改善。然而,对于肺癌的脑转移病灶,目前仍缺乏一个理想的治疗方案,严重影响了该部分患者生存状态。了解肿瘤细胞如何在中枢神经系统定植、生长和侵袭等相关生物学行为及其产生机制对预防及治疗肿瘤细胞脑转移病灶具有重大的意义。“种子-土壤”这一假说可以很好的解释这一过程,这一假说的关键即肿瘤细胞可与中枢神经系统微环境各组成之间产生相互适应性变化,正是这种相互作用决定了脑转移病灶的发生发展。本文就脑转移肿瘤细胞、脑转移肿瘤微环境及他们之间的相互作用进行综述,旨在为脑转移病灶的治疗提供新的思路。
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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9
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Abstract
The past decade has witnessed impressive advances in cancer treatment ushered in by targeted and immunotherapies. However, with significantly prolonged survival, upon recurrence, more patients become inflicted by brain metastasis, which is mostly refractory to all currently available therapeutic regimens. Historically, brain metastasis is an understudied area in cancer research, partly due to the dearth of appropriate experimental models that closely simulate the special biological features of metastasis in the unique brain environment and to the sophistication of techniques required to perform in-depth studies of the extremely complex and challenging brain metastasis. Yet, with increasing clinical demand for more effective treatment options, brain metastasis research has rapidly advanced in recent years. The present review spotlights the recent major progresses in basic and translational studies of brain metastasis with focuses on new animal models, novel imaging technologies, omics "big data" resources, and some new and exciting biological insights on brain metastasis.
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10
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Dilshara MG, Kang CH, Choi YH, Kim GY. Mangiferin inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression and cellular invasion by suppressing nuclear factor-κB activity. BMB Rep 2016; 48:559-64. [PMID: 25739392 PMCID: PMC4911182 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2015.48.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of mangiferin on the expression and activity of metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and the invasion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated human LNCaP prostate carcinoma cells. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis showed that mangiferin significantly reversed TNF-α-induced mRNA and protein expression of MMP-9 expression. Zymography data confirmed that stimulation of cells with TNF-α significantly increased MMP-9 activity. However, mangiferin substantially reduced the TNF-α-induced activity of MMP-9. Additionally, a matrigel invasion assay showed that mangiferin significantly reduced TNF-α-induced invasion of LNCaP cells. Compared to untreated controls, TNF-α-stimulated LNCaP cells showed a significant increase in nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) luciferase activity. However, mangiferin treatment markedly decreased TNF-α-induced NF-κB luciferase activity. Furthermore, mangiferin suppressed nuclear translocation of the NF-κB subunits p65 and p50. Collectively, our results indicate that mangiferin is a potential anti-invasive agent that acts by suppressing NF-κB-mediated MMP-9 expression. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(10): 559-564]
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chang-Hee Kang
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
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11
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Guldner IH, Yang L, Cowdrick KR, Wang Q, Alvarez Barrios WV, Zellmer VR, Zhang Y, Host M, Liu F, Chen DZ, Zhang S. An Integrative Platform for Three-dimensional Quantitative Analysis of Spatially Heterogeneous Metastasis Landscapes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24201. [PMID: 27068335 PMCID: PMC4828720 DOI: 10.1038/srep24201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic microenvironments are spatially and compositionally heterogeneous. This seemingly stochastic heterogeneity provides researchers great challenges in elucidating factors that determine metastatic outgrowth. Herein, we develop and implement an integrative platform that will enable researchers to obtain novel insights from intricate metastatic landscapes. Our two-segment platform begins with whole tissue clearing, staining, and imaging to globally delineate metastatic landscape heterogeneity with spatial and molecular resolution. The second segment of our platform applies our custom-developed SMART 3D (Spatial filtering-based background removal and Multi-chAnnel forest classifiers-based 3D ReconsTruction), a multi-faceted image analysis pipeline, permitting quantitative interrogation of functional implications of heterogeneous metastatic landscape constituents, from subcellular features to multicellular structures, within our large three-dimensional (3D) image datasets. Coupling whole tissue imaging of brain metastasis animal models with SMART 3D, we demonstrate the capability of our integrative pipeline to reveal and quantify volumetric and spatial aspects of brain metastasis landscapes, including diverse tumor morphology, heterogeneous proliferative indices, metastasis-associated astrogliosis, and vasculature spatial distribution. Collectively, our study demonstrates the utility of our novel integrative platform to reveal and quantify the global spatial and volumetric characteristics of the 3D metastatic landscape with unparalleled accuracy, opening new opportunities for unbiased investigation of novel biological phenomena in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian H Guldner
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.,Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 1234 N. Notre Dame Avenue, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Kyle R Cowdrick
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.,Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 1234 N. Notre Dame Avenue, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
| | - Qingfei Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.,Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 1234 N. Notre Dame Avenue, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
| | - Wendy V Alvarez Barrios
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.,Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 1234 N. Notre Dame Avenue, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
| | - Victoria R Zellmer
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.,Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 1234 N. Notre Dame Avenue, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
| | - Yizhe Zhang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Misha Host
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.,Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 1234 N. Notre Dame Avenue, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
| | - Fang Liu
- Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 1234 N. Notre Dame Avenue, South Bend, IN 46617, USA.,Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Danny Z Chen
- Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 1234 N. Notre Dame Avenue, South Bend, IN 46617, USA.,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.,Mike and Josie Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, 1234 N. Notre Dame Avenue, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
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Palumbo A, Da Costa NDOM, Bonamino MH, Pinto LFR, Nasciutti LE. Genetic instability in the tumor microenvironment: a new look at an old neighbor. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:145. [PMID: 26227631 PMCID: PMC4521350 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0409-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent exponential increase in our knowledge of cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis has largely failed to translate into new therapies and clinical practices. This lack of success may result in part from the fact that most studies focus on tumor cells as potential therapeutic targets and neglect the complex microenvironment that undergoes profound changes during tumor development. Furthermore, an unfortunate association of factors such as tumor genetic complexity, overestimation of biomarker and drug potentials, as well as a poor understanding of tumor microenvironment in diagnosis and prognosis leads to the current levels of treatment failure regarding a vast majority of cancer types. A growing body of evidence points to the importance of the functional diversity of immune and structural cells during tumor development. In this sense, the lack of technologies that would allow for molecular screening of individual stromal cell types poses a major challenge for the development of therapies targeting the tumor microenvironment. Progress in microenvironment genetic studies represents a formidable opportunity for the development of new selective drugs because stromal cells have lower mutation rates than malignant cells, and should prove to be good targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Palumbo
- Laboratório de Interações Celulares, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Prédio de Ciências da Saúde - Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, A. Carlos Chagas, 373 - bloco F, sala 26, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. .,Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José de Alencar Gomes da Silva, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37 - 6° andar - Centro, 20231-050, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
| | - Nathalia de Oliveira Meireles Da Costa
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José de Alencar Gomes da Silva, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37 - 6° andar - Centro, 20231-050, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
| | - Martin Hernan Bonamino
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José de Alencar Gomes da Silva, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37 - 6° andar - Centro, 20231-050, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. .,Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Vice-presidência de Pesquisa e Laboratórios de Referência, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, Av. Brasil, 4365 - Pavilhão Mourisco - Manguinhos, 21040-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
| | - Luis Felipe Ribeiro Pinto
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José de Alencar Gomes da Silva, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37 - 6° andar - Centro, 20231-050, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
| | - Luiz Eurico Nasciutti
- Laboratório de Interações Celulares, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Prédio de Ciências da Saúde - Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, A. Carlos Chagas, 373 - bloco F, sala 26, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
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