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Li JN, Zhang Y, Wang JX, Hu J, Lu XM, Xie WX, Zhang ZF, Tang ZH. Methylated derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in road dust, green belt soil and parking lot dust: occurrence, spatial distribution and emission sources. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:162. [PMID: 38592579 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01914-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Convenient transportation facilities not only bring the higher standard of living to big cities, but also bring some environmental pollution problems. In order to understand the presence and sources of methylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Me-PAHs) in environmental samples and their association with total organic carbon (TOC), 49 Me-PAHs were analyzed in road dust, green belt soil and parking lot dust samples in Harbin. The results showed that the ranges of the total Me-PAHs (ΣMe-PAHs) content in road dust were 221-5826 ng/g in autumn and 697-7302 ng/g in spring, and those in green belt soil were 170-2509 ng/g and 155-9215 ng/g in autumn and spring, respectively. And ΣMe-PAHs content in parking lot dust ranged from 269 to 2515 ng/g in surface parking lots and from 778 to 10,052 ng/g in underground parking lots. In these samples, the composition profile of Me-PAHs was dominated by 4-ring Me-PAHs. The results of diagnostic ratios and principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that petrogenic and pyrogenic sources were the main sources of Me-PAHs in the samples. Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was no correlation for Me-PAHs in road dust and green belt soil on the same road. Furthermore, there was a significant positive relationship (0.12 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.67, P < 0.05) between Me-PAHs concentrations and the TOC content. This study demonstrated the presence of Me-PAHs with high concentrations in the road environment samples of Harbin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Nong Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jian-Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jie Hu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Xi-Mei Lu
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, 150090, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wen-Xi Xie
- Qiqihar Environmental Monitoring Station, No. 571, Bukuinan Street, Longsha DistrictHeilongjiang Province, Qiqihar City, China
| | - Zi-Feng Zhang
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, 150090, Heilongjiang, China.
- International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem (IJRC-AEE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Polar Academy, Harbin, 150090, China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Ecosystem (HPKL-PEE), Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Zhong-Hua Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
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Li JN, Zhang Y, Wang JX, Xiao H, Nikolaev A, Li YF, Zhang ZF, Tang ZH. Occurrence, Sources, and Health Risks of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Road Environments from Harbin, a Megacity of China. TOXICS 2023; 11:695. [PMID: 37624200 PMCID: PMC10458957 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11080695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
To obtain a comprehensive understanding about that occurrence, sources, and effects on human health of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in road environmental samples from Harbin, concentrations of 32 PAHs in road dust, green belt soil, and parking lot dust samples were quantified. The total PAH concentrations ranged from 0.95 to 40.7 μg/g and 0.39 to 43.9 μg/g in road dust and green belt soil, respectively, and were dominated by high molecular weight PAHs (HMW-PAHs). Despite the content of PAHs in arterial roads being higher, the composition profile of PAHs was hardly influenced by road types. For parking lot dust, the range of total PAH concentrations was 0.81-190 μg/g, and three-ring to five-ring PAHs produced the maximum contribution. Compared with surface parking lots (mean: 6.12 μg/g), higher total PAH concentrations were detected in underground parking lots (mean: 33.1 μg/g). The diagnostic ratios of PAHs showed that petroleum, petroleum combustion, and biomass/coal combustion were major sources of PAHs in the samples. Furthermore, according to the Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk model, the cancer risks of three kinds of samples for adults and children were above the threshold (10-6). Overall, this study demonstrated that PAHs in the road environment of Harbin have a certain health impact on local citizens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Nong Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (J.-N.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.-X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (J.-N.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.-X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jian-Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (J.-N.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.-X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China;
| | - Anatoly Nikolaev
- Institute of Natural Sciences, North-Eastern Federal University, 677000 Yakutsk, Russia;
| | - Yi-Fan Li
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China;
- International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem (IJRC-AEE), Polar Academy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Ecosystem (HPKL-PEE), Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150090, China
- IJRC-PTS-NA, Toronto, ON M2N 6X9, Canada
| | - Zi-Feng Zhang
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China;
- International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem (IJRC-AEE), Polar Academy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Ecosystem (HPKL-PEE), Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (J.-N.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.-X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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Jiang L, Ma X, Wang Y, Gao W, Liao C, Gong Y, Jiang G. Land-Ocean Exchange Mechanism of Chlorinated Paraffins and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Diverse Sources in a Coastal Zone Boundary Area, North China: The Role of Regional Atmospheric Transmission. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:12852-12862. [PMID: 35930321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The marine environment is regarded as a crucial "sink" of numerous land-origin pollutants. As typical boundary regions, the coastal and offshore areas are used to evaluate the dominating transfer process and land-ocean exchange mechanism of semivolatile organic compounds. In air samples collected from a coastal area in North China over a whole year, chlorinated paraffins (CPs), including short-chain CPs and medium-chain CPs, and prior control 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined, with mean concentrations of 25.8 and 94.7 ng/m3, respectively. Results of different gas-particle partitioning models indicated that the steady-state hypothesis provides a better description of the possible land-ocean exchange molecular mechanism. The source-sink influences for CPs and PAHs were affected by the predominant atmospheric motion, which alternated between gaseous diffusion and particulate sedimentation in different seasons. Source apportionment results indicated that different transfer characteristics contributed to the source divergence of ambient CPs and PAHs within 12 nautical miles in the same area. Coal/biomass combustion and diesel/natural gas combustion were the main PAH sources in the coast site (43.1%) and sea site (35.3%), respectively. Similar industrial sources CP-52 and CP-42 were the main CP sources in the coast site (41.4%) and sea site (40.8%), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Jiang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xindong Ma
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Chunyang Liao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yunfei Gong
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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