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Mello MND, Dias CTDS, Medeiros ESD, Martins ICF, Campos LD. Spatiotemporal analysis of distribution of pest and predator in corn crops. ARQUIVOS DO INSTITUTO BIOLÓGICO 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1808-1657000332020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to provide a detailed framework to use the spatiotemporal kriging to model the space-time variability of precipitation data in Paraíba, which is located in the northeastern region of Brazil (NEB). The NEB is characterized by an irregular, highly variable distribution of rainfall in space and time. In this region, it is common to find high rates of rainfall at locations adjacent to those with no record of rain. Paraíba experiences localized periods of drought within rainy seasons and distinct precipitation patterns among the state’s mesoregions. The mean precipitation values observed at several irregularly spaced rain gauge stations from 1994 to 2014 showed remarkable variations among the mesoregions in Paraíba throughout the year. As a consequence of this behavior, there is a need to model the rainfall distribution jointly with space and time. A spatiotemporal geostatistical methodology was applied to monthly total rainfall data from the state of Paraíba. The rainfall data indicate intense spatial and temporal variabilities that directly affect the water resources of the entire region. The results provide a detailed spatial analysis of sectors experiencing precipitation conditions ranging from a scarcity to an excess of rainfall. The present study should help drive future research into spatiotemporal rainfall patterns across all of NEB.
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de Albuquerque Pereira B, da Silva YJAB, do Nascimento CWA, da Silva YJAB, Nascimento RC, Boechat CL, Barbosa RS, Singh VP. Watershed scale assessment of rare earth elements in soils derived from sedimentary rocks. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:514. [PMID: 31346771 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7658-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite the rare earth elements (REEs) being considered as emerging contaminants, their natural values and possible anthropogenic enrichments in soils have not been studied well in Brazil. The intensive use of conditioners and fertilizers in agricultural frontiers from Brazilian Cerrado can increase the concentration of REE in soils of the region. In this context, the objectives of this study were to determine the natural content and establish quality reference values (QRV) for REEs in soils of a watershed from Brazilian Cerrado composed of sedimentary rocks and to evaluate the influence of agricultural cultivation and the spatial variability of these elements. Thirty and twenty-six composite soil samples were collected under native vegetation and soybean cultivation, respectively. The background concentrations followed the order (mg kg-1) Ce > Nd > La > Pr > Sm > Yb > Er > Eu > Dy. The QRVs established were as follows (mg kg-1): La (1.76), Ce (5.20), Pr (0.74), Nd (1.35), Sm (0.38), Eu (0.06), Dy (0.15), Er (0.12), and Yb (0.14). Lantanium, Ce, and Er exhibited strong spatial dependence, while Eu, Dy, and Yb showed weak or total absence of spatial dependence. The spherical model was most suitable for the spatial characteristics of REEs. The parent material, mainly characterized by soils derived from sedimentary rocks (i.e., sandstone), was the primordial source of REEs for soils and that there was no or little effect of agricultural practices on these levels. Our data reinforced the need for geochemical mapping at the watershed scale, since they are important conservation units.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ygor Jacques Agra Bezerra da Silva
- Agronomy Department, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Dom Manuel de Medeiros street, s/n-Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Rennan Cabral Nascimento
- Agronomy Department, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Dom Manuel de Medeiros street, s/n-Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Cácio Luiz Boechat
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Piaui (UFPI), Planalto horizonte, Bom Jesus, PI, 64900-000, Brazil
| | - Ronny Sobreira Barbosa
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Piaui (UFPI), Planalto horizonte, Bom Jesus, PI, 64900-000, Brazil
| | - Vijay P Singh
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department and Zachry Department of Civil Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-2117, USA
- National Water Center, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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