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Zuo X, Wang H. Impact of aerosol concentration changes on carbon sequestration potential of rice in a temperate monsoon climate zone during the COVID-19: a case study on the Sanjiang Plain, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:29610-29630. [PMID: 38580873 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33149-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The emission reduction of atmospheric pollutants during the COVID-19 caused the change in aerosol concentration. However, there is a lack of research on the impact of changes in aerosol concentration on carbon sequestration potential. To reveal the impact mechanism of aerosols on rice carbon sequestration, the spatial differentiation characteristics of aerosol optical depth (AOD), gross primary productivity (GPP), net primary productivity (NPP), leaf area index (LAI), fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FPAR), and meteorological factors were compared in the Sanjiang Plain. Pearson correlation analysis and geographic detector were used to analyze the main driving factors affecting the spatial heterogeneity of GPP and NPP. The study showed that the spatial distribution pattern of AOD in the rice-growing area during the epidemic was gradually decreasing from northeast to southwest with an overall decrease of 29.76%. Under the synergistic effect of multiple driving factors, both GPP and NPP increased by more than 5.0%, and the carbon sequestration capacity was improved. LAI and FPAR were the main driving factors for the spatial differentiation of rice GPP and NPP during the epidemic, followed by potential evapotranspiration and AOD. All interaction detection results showed a double-factor enhancement, which indicated that the effects of atmospheric environmental changes on rice primary productivity were the synergistic effect result of multiple factors, and AOD was the key factor that indirectly affected rice primary productivity. The synergistic effects between aerosol-radiation-meteorological factor-rice primary productivity in a typical temperate monsoon climate zone suitable for rice growth were studied, and the effects of changes in aerosol concentration on carbon sequestration potential were analyzed. The study can provide important references for the assessment of carbon sequestration potential in this climate zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Zuo
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions/School of Geographical Sciences, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Hanxi Wang
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions/School of Geographical Sciences, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China.
- Heilongjiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Cold Region Ecological Safety, Harbin, 150025, China.
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Basharat U, Tariq S, Chaudhry MN, Khan M, Bonah Agyekum E, Fendzi Mbasso W, Kamel S. Seasonal correlation of aerosols with soil moisture, evapotranspiration, and vegetation over Pakistan using remote sensing. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20635. [PMID: 37867878 PMCID: PMC10589797 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerosols have a severe impact on the Earth's climate, human health, and ecosystem. To understand the impacts of aerosols on climate, human health, and the ecosystem we must need to understand the variability of aerosols and their optical properties. Therefore, we used Aqua-MODIS retrieved aerosol optical depth (AOD) (550 nm) and Angstrom exponent (AE) (440/870) data to analyze the Spatio-temporal seasonal variability of aerosols and their relationship with different meteorological parameters over Pakistan from 2002 to 2021. High (>0.5) AOD values were observed during the summer season and low (<0.8) in the spring season. AE values were observed to be high (>1) in the northern regions of Pakistan indicating the dominance of fine mode particles during the winter season. Moreover, AOD showed a positive correlation with Relative Humidity (RH), Evapotranspiration, Wind speed (WS), and Temperature. On the other hand, it showed a negative correlation with Soil moisture (SM), Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and precipitation over Pakistan. Therefore, considering the outcomes of this study will help policymakers to understand the spatiotemporal variability of aerosols and their seasonal correlation with different meteorological parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salman Tariq
- Remote Sensing, GIS and Climatic Research Lab (National Center of GIS and Space Applications), Centre for Remote Sensing, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Space Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Khan
- Remote Sensing, GIS and Climatic Research Lab (National Center of GIS and Space Applications), Centre for Remote Sensing, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ephraim Bonah Agyekum
- Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia Boris, 19 Mira Street, Ekaterinburg, 620002, Yeltsin, Russia
| | - Wulfran Fendzi Mbasso
- Laboratory of Technology and Applied Sciences, University Institute of Technology, University of Douala, PO Box: 8698, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Salah Kamel
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aswan University, 81542, Aswan, Egypt
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Khan M, Tariq S, Haq ZU. Variations in the aerosol index and its relationship with meteorological parameters over Pakistan using remote sensing. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:47913-47934. [PMID: 36749519 PMCID: PMC9904527 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25613-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Particulate pollution has become a major issue in developing countries including Pakistan. Aerosols are causing severe impacts on climate and human health. To understand the effects of aerosols on the environment and human health, we must first understand their optical and physical properties. In this paper, we used ozone monitoring instrument (OMI) retrieved ultraviolet aerosol index (UVAI) to analyze spatial and temporal distribution, annual and seasonal trends of absorbing aerosols, and their relationship with meteorological parameters (e.g., temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed) over Pakistan from October 2004 to December 2021. Significant spatiotemporal changes in UVAI values were found with high values in southern and central regions and low values in northern regions of Pakistan. The mean UVAI over Pakistan showed an increasing trend of 2.89% year-1. Seasonally, UVAI increases at the rate of 3.97% winter-1, 3.24% autumn-1, 0.81% summer-1, and 0.71% spring-1. A strong positive correlation of UVAI with precipitation and temperature (~ 0.6) is observed in the central and southern regions of Pakistan. A negative and positive correlation of -0.3223 and 0.4284 of UVAI with CO2 emissions and primary industry is observed in Pakistan, respectively. We also found potential sources of aerosols over major cities of Pakistan using the Hybrid Single Particle Langrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model. It determines that the dominant aerosols over Karachi are natural aerosols like sea salt and dust particles and anthropogenic aerosols are dominant over Lahore. Moreover, the natural and anthropogenic factors influencing absorbing aerosols are also discussed herein. Considering the outcomes of this study different methods would be used to reduce the concentration of particulate pollution like afforestation, efficient fuel energy consumption, promotion of public transport networks, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khan
- Remote Sensing, GIS and Climatic Research Lab, National Center of GIS and Space Applications, Department of Space Science, University of the Punjab, New-Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Salman Tariq
- Remote Sensing, GIS and Climatic Research Lab, National Center of GIS and Space Applications, Centre for Remote Sensing, University of the Punjab, New-Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zia Ul Haq
- Remote Sensing, GIS and Climatic Research Lab, National Center of GIS and Space Applications, Centre for Remote Sensing, University of the Punjab, New-Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
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Tariq S, Nawaz H, Ul-Haq Z, Mehmood U. Response of enhanced vegetation index changes to latent/sensible heat flux and precipitation over Pakistan using remote sensing. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:65565-65584. [PMID: 35488154 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20391-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
For a sustainable development and ecological integrity, it is of worth importance to monitor land use/ land cover (LULC) changes and related land-atmosphere fluxes. To serve this purpose, we have used moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) retrieved-enhanced vegetation index (EVI), MERRA-2 re-analysis surface heat fluxes (latent heat flux, sensible heat flux and specific humidity), TRMM rainfall data, and OMI retrieved aerosol index (AI) over Pakistan during 2000 to 2021. High EVI (0.66) is observed in May 2021 as compared to May 2000 over Muzaffarabad, Srinagar, north and northwest of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, east of Punjab and along the Indus River in Sindh. The highest increase in vegetative area is observed in Baluchistan (~ 366%), followed by Manavadar (~ 60%), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (~ 41%), Sindh (~ 37%), and Punjab (~ 20%) whereas Gilgit-Baltistan and Jammu and Kashmir show reduction in vegetative area by 21% and 11% respectively. The coefficient of determination (R2) is found to be highest between rainfall and latent heat flux (R2 = 0.59) followed by rainfall and specific humidity (R2 = 0.35), and rainfall and sensible heat flux (R2 = 0.06). The latent heat flux shows increasing trend at the rate of 0.003 Wm-2 winter-1, 0.0065 Wm-2 pre-monsoon-1 and 0.0272 Wm-2 post-monsoon-1 during 1980-2021 whereas sensible heat flux shows decreasing trend at the rate of 0.00056 Wm-2 winter-1, 0.00249 Wm-2 pre-monsoon-1 and 0.0037 Wm-2 post-monsoon-1 during 1980-2021. Specific humidity depicts increasing trend at the rate of 0.0002 Wm-2 winter-1, 0.0038 Wm-2 pre-monsoon-1 and decreasing trend at the rate of 0.0080 Wm-2 post-monsoon-1 during 1980-2021. The interannual variations in AI show highest AI of 2.28 in 2021 with maximum positive percentage anomaly of 28.06% during 2007.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Tariq
- Department of Space Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
- Remote Sensing, GIS and Climatic Research Lab (National Center of GIS and Space Applications), Centre for Remote Sensing, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Hasan Nawaz
- Remote Sensing, GIS and Climatic Research Lab (National Center of GIS and Space Applications), Centre for Remote Sensing, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zia Ul-Haq
- Remote Sensing, GIS and Climatic Research Lab (National Center of GIS and Space Applications), Centre for Remote Sensing, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Usman Mehmood
- Remote Sensing, GIS and Climatic Research Lab (National Center of GIS and Space Applications), Centre for Remote Sensing, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
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