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Eddaoukhi A, Berradi M, El Rhayam Y, Rissouli L, Grou M, El Yacoubi A, Bouraada K, Zerrouk MH, El Bachiri A, Nassali H. Characterizing and optimizing adsorption for olive mill wastewater processing in Loukkos, Morocco. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 196:25. [PMID: 38064017 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12179-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The present research consists of studying the characterization and treatment of the olive mill wastewater (OMWW) resulting from the olive industries of the region of Loukkos, Morocco. According to the national plan for green Morocco, the annual volumes of OMWW discharges increase with the expansion of the areas of olive plantations compared to agricultural activities. The study of the organic, mineral, and microbiological composition of the obtained OMWW showed that they are rich in microbiological (FMAT, Let M., and B.L.), mineral (total Kjeldhal nitrogen, orthophosphate, total phosphorus, sodium, potassium, calcium, copper, iron, zinc, manganese, and lead ions), and organic (COD, BOD5, and polyphenols) micropollutants with very high percentages that are higher than the standards in force. The treatment used in this study is the combined process of aerated lagooning/adsorption using powdered activated carbon after optimization of the experimental parameters (mass concentration of activated carbon (AC) and agitation rapidity (Ar)) by experiment design method. The obtained physicochemical parameters, such as pH, total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), rate of discoloration, and polyphenol content of raw OMWW, were 4.87, 0.63, 80.3, 0.8, and 1.45 g/l, respectively. The results of these parameters for the treated OMWW were obtained in the order of 6.10, 0.22, 28, 0.28, and 0.44 g/l for pH, TSS, COD, discoloration rate, and polyphenol content, respectively. These results show that the proposed treatment significantly reduced acidity, TSS, COD, discoloration rate, and polyphenol contents, with a performance of about 25.26, 65, 65.13, 65, and 69.65%, respectively. This indicates that there is significant performance in the processing of exploited OMWW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdesselam Eddaoukhi
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Process Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofaïl University, P.O. Box 14000, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Berradi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofaïl University, P.O. Box 14000, Kenitra, Morocco.
| | - Youssef El Rhayam
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofaïl University, P.O. Box 14000, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Lama Rissouli
- Laboratory of Physico-Chemistry Materials, Natural Substances and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Abdel Malek University Essaadi, P.O. Box 416, 9000, Tangier, Morocco
- Laboratory of Pesticide Residues, Unit of Research on Nuclear Techniques, Environment and Quality, Regional Center for Agronomic Research of National Institute for Agronomic Research, P.O. Box 9010, Tangier, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Grou
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Process Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofaïl University, P.O. Box 14000, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Ahmed El Yacoubi
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Process Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofaïl University, P.O. Box 14000, Kenitra, Morocco.
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Environment, and Chemistry of Solid Minerals, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed First University, P.O. Box 524, 60000, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Khalid Bouraada
- Department of Life Sciences, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Larache, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, P.O. Box 93000, Tetaouan, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Hassani Zerrouk
- Laboratory of Environmental Technologies, Biotechnology and Valorization of Bio-resources, Faculty of Science and Technology of Al-Houceima, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, P.O. Box 93000, Tetaouan, Morocco
| | - Abderrahim El Bachiri
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofaïl University, P.O. Box 14000, Kenitra, Morocco
- University Department, Royal Naval School of Marine Engineering, Boulevard Sour-Jdid, P.O. Box 16314, 20000, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Hakima Nassali
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Process Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofaïl University, P.O. Box 14000, Kenitra, Morocco
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