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Greene KM, Van Cleve J, Price SJ. Salamander Movement Propensity Resists Effects of Supraseasonal Drought. ICHTHYOLOGY & HERPETOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1643/h2022051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M. Greene
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546; ORCID: (KMG) 0000-0003-0227-1982; and (SJP) 0000-0002-2388-0579; (KMG) ; and (SJP)
| | - Jeremy Van Cleve
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, 101 TH Morgan Building, 675 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40506; ORCID: (JVC) 0000-0003-3656-4257; (JVC)
| | - Steven J. Price
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546; ORCID: (KMG) 0000-0003-0227-1982; and (SJP) 0000-0002-2388-0579; (KMG) ; and (SJP)
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2
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Lowe WH, Addis BR, Cochrane MM, Swartz LK. Source-sink dynamics within a complex life history. Ecology 2023; 104:e3991. [PMID: 36772972 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Source-sink patch dynamics occur when movement from sources stabilizes sinks by compensating for low local vital rates. The mechanisms underlying source-sink dynamics may be complicated in species that undergo transitions between discrete life stages, particularly when stages have overlapping habitat requirements and similar movement abilities. In these species, for example, the demographic effects of movement by one stage may augment or offset the effects of movement by another stage. We used a stream salamander system to investigate patch dynamics within this form of complex life history. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that the salamander Gyrinophilus porphyriticus experiences source-sink dynamics in riffles and pools, the dominant geomorphic patch types in headwater streams. We estimated stage-specific survival probabilities in riffles and pools and stage-specific movement probabilities between the two patch types using 8 years of capture-recapture data on 4491 individuals, including premetamorphic larvae and postmetamorphic adults. We then incorporated survival and movement probabilities into a stage-structured, two-patch model to determine the demographic interactions between riffles and pools. Monthly survival probabilities of both stages were higher in pools than in riffles. Larvae were more likely to move from riffles to pools, but adults were more likely to move from pools to riffles, despite experiencing much lower survival in riffles. In simulations, eliminating interpatch movements by both stages indicated that riffles are sinks that rely on immigration from pools for stability. Allowing only larvae to move stabilized both patch types, but allowing only adults to move destabilized pools due to the demographic cost of adult emigration. These results indicated that larval movement not only stabilizes riffles, but also offsets the destabilizing effects of maladaptive adult movement. Similar patch dynamics may emerge in any structured population in which movement and local vital rates differ by age, size, or stage. Addressing these forms of internal demographic structure in patch dynamics analyses will help to refine and advance general understanding of spatial ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winsor H Lowe
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA
| | - Brett R Addis
- D.B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Madaline M Cochrane
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA
| | - Leah K Swartz
- Montana Freshwater Partners, Livingston, Montana, USA
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3
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Addis BR, Lowe WH. Environmentally associated variation in dispersal distance affects inbreeding risk in a stream salamander. Am Nat 2022; 200:802-814. [DOI: 10.1086/721763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Lunghi E, Giachello S, Manenti R, Zhao Y, Corti C, Ficetola GF, Bradley JG. The post hoc measurement as a safe and reliable method to age and size plethodontid salamanders. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:11111-11116. [PMID: 33144952 PMCID: PMC7593190 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The worldwide biodiversity crisis with the resulting need to increase species protection has led researchers to pursue and select survey methods that guarantee the best quality of data and produce the least negative effects on wild animals. Plethodontids are the most diverse family of salamanders; all species are very sensitive to human handling and noninvasive, but accurate, measurement methods are needed to reduce researchers' impact. Here, we tested the reliability of a noninvasive post hoc method in estimating the snout-vent length (SVL) from photographs showing salamanders' dorsal view. The correlation between the estimated snout-vent length (SVLe) and the conventional SVL was high (R 2 m = .81), and no significant difference occurred between operators with different experience. Finally, we list the numerous advantages for the use of SVLe in terms of data quality and in reducing the stress caused to wild animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Lunghi
- Key Laboratory of the Zoological Systematics and EvolutionInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Museo di Storia Naturale dell'Università degli Studi di FirenzeMuseo “La Specola”FirenzeItaly
| | - Simone Giachello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e politiche ambientaliUniversità degli Studi di MilanoMilanoItaly
| | - Raoul Manenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e politiche ambientaliUniversità degli Studi di MilanoMilanoItaly
| | - Yahui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Zoological Systematics and EvolutionInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Claudia Corti
- Museo di Storia Naturale dell'Università degli Studi di FirenzeMuseo “La Specola”FirenzeItaly
| | - Gentile Francesco Ficetola
- Dipartimento di Scienze e politiche ambientaliUniversità degli Studi di MilanoMilanoItaly
- Laboratoire d'Écologie Alpine (LECA)CNRSUniversity Grenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance
| | - Joseph Gavin Bradley
- Biology DepartmentElizabethtown Community and Technical CollegeElizabethtownKYUSA
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McCaslin HM, Caughlin TT, Heath JA. Long-distance natal dispersal is relatively frequent and correlated with environmental factors in a widespread raptor. J Anim Ecol 2020; 89:2077-2088. [PMID: 32662097 PMCID: PMC7540595 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dispersal is a critical process influencing population dynamics and responses to global change. Long-distance dispersal (LDD) can be especially important for gene flow and adaptability, although little is known about the factors influencing LDD because studying large-scale movements is challenging and LDD tends to be observed less frequently than shorter-distance dispersal (SDD). We sought to understand patterns of natal dispersal at a large scale, specifically aiming to understand the relative frequency of LDD compared to SDD and correlates of dispersal distances. We used bird banding and encounter data for American kestrels (Falco sparverius) to investigate the effects of sex, migration strategy, population density, weather, year and agricultural land cover on LDD frequency, LDD distance and SDD distance in North America from 1961 to 2015. Nearly half of all natal dispersal (48.9%) was LDD (classified as >30 km), and the likelihood of LDD was positively associated with the proportion of agricultural land cover around natal sites. Correlates of distance differed between LDD and SDD movements. LDD distance was positively correlated with latitude, a proxy for migration strategy, suggesting that migratory individuals disperse farther than residents. Distance of LDD in males was positively associated with maximum summer temperature. We did not find sex-bias or an effect of population density in LDD distance or frequency. Within SDD, females tended to disperse farther than males, and distance was positively correlated with density. Sampling affected all responses, likely because local studies more frequently capture SDD within study areas. Our findings that LDD occurs at a relatively high frequency and is related to different proximate factors from SDD, including a lack of sex-bias in LDD, suggest that LDD may be more common than previously reported, and LDD and SDD may be distinct processes rather than two outcomes originating from a single dispersal distribution. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence that LDD and SDD may be separate processes in an avian species, and suggests that environmental change may have different outcomes on the two processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna M. McCaslin
- Department of Biological SciencesBoise State UniversityBoiseIDUSA
- Raptor Research CenterBoise State UniversityBoiseIDUSA
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation BiologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
| | | | - Julie A. Heath
- Department of Biological SciencesBoise State UniversityBoiseIDUSA
- Raptor Research CenterBoise State UniversityBoiseIDUSA
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Addis BR, Tobalske BW, Davenport JM, Lowe WH. A distance-performance trade-off in the phenotypic basis of dispersal. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:10644-10653. [PMID: 31624572 PMCID: PMC6787857 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Across taxa, individuals vary in how far they disperse, with most individuals staying close to their origin and fewer dispersing long distances. Costs associated with dispersal (e.g., energy, risk) are widely believed to trade off with benefits (e.g., reduced competition, increased reproductive success) to influence dispersal propensity. However, this framework has not been applied to understand variation in dispersal distance, which is instead generally attributed to extrinsic environmental factors. We alternatively hypothesized that variation in dispersal distances results from trade-offs associated with other aspects of locomotor performance. We tested this hypothesis in the stream salamander Gyrinophilus porphyriticus and found that salamanders that dispersed farther in the field had longer forelimbs but swam at slower velocities under experimental conditions. The reduced swimming performance of long-distance dispersers likely results from drag imposed by longer forelimbs. Longer forelimbs may facilitate moving longer distances, but the proximate costs associated with reduced swimming performance may help to explain the rarity of long-distance dispersal. The historical focus on environmental drivers of dispersal distances misses the importance of individual traits and associated trade-offs among traits affecting locomotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett R. Addis
- Division of Biological SciencesUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMTUSA
| | - Bret W. Tobalske
- Division of Biological SciencesUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMTUSA
| | | | - Winsor H. Lowe
- Division of Biological SciencesUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMTUSA
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Joly P. Behavior in a Changing Landscape: Using Movement Ecology to Inform the Conservation of Pond-Breeding Amphibians. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Lowe WH, Addis BR. Matching habitat choice and plasticity contribute to phenotype–environment covariation in a stream salamander. Ecology 2019; 100:e02661. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Winsor H. Lowe
- Division of Biological Sciences University of Montana Missoula Montana 59812 USA
| | - Brett R. Addis
- Division of Biological Sciences University of Montana Missoula Montana 59812 USA
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9
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Davenport JM, Lowe WH. Testing for Microgeographic Effects on the Strength of Interspecific Competition. COPEIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1643/ce-18-006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Ousterhout BH, Semlitsch RD. Effects of conditionally expressed phenotypes and environment on amphibian dispersal in nature. OIKOS 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.05276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany H. Ousterhout
- Division of Biological Sciences; Univ. of Missouri; Columbia MO USA
- Dept of Biological Sciences; Univ. of Arkansas; Fayetteville AR 72701 USA
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Trochet A, Le Chevalier H, Calvez O, Barthe L, Isselin-Nondedeu F, Picard D, Debelgarric M, Pégourié N, Rocher R, Ribéron A. Postbreeding Movements in Marbled Newts (Caudata, Salamandridae): A Comparative Radiotracking Study in Two Habitat Types. HERPETOLOGICA 2017. [DOI: 10.1655/herpetologica-d-15-00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Trochet
- CNRS, ENFA, UMR5174 EDB (Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique), Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, Toulouse F-31062, France
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS, UMR5321, Moulis F-09200, France
| | - Hugo Le Chevalier
- CNRS, ENFA, UMR5174 EDB (Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique), Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, Toulouse F-31062, France
| | - Olivier Calvez
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS, UMR5321, Moulis F-09200, France
| | - Laurent Barthe
- Association Nature Midi-Pyrénées, 14, rue de Tivoli, F-31068 Toulouse, France
| | - Francis Isselin-Nondedeu
- Departement Aménagement et Environnement Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université François Rabelais de Tours, CNRS, UMR 7324 CITERES équipe IPAPE, 33-35 Allée Ferdinand de Lesseps, 37200 F-Tours, France
| | - Damien Picard
- UMR 6554 LETG, Université d'Angers, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, F-49045 Angers, France
| | - Mélanie Debelgarric
- CNRS, ENFA, UMR5174 EDB (Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique), Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, Toulouse F-31062, France
| | - Ninon Pégourié
- UMR 6554 LETG, Université d'Angers, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, F-49045 Angers, France
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie et de Biogéographie des Vertébrés, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175, F-34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Rozenn Rocher
- Association Nature Midi-Pyrénées, 14, rue de Tivoli, F-31068 Toulouse, France
| | - Alexandre Ribéron
- CNRS, ENFA, UMR5174 EDB (Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique), Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, Toulouse F-31062, France
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12
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Movement behaviour of woodland salamanders is repeatable and varies with forest age in a fragmented landscape. Anim Behav 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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13
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Arnold PA, Cassey P, White CR. Functional traits in red flour beetles: the dispersal phenotype is associated with leg length but not body size nor metabolic rate. Funct Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pieter A. Arnold
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland4072 Australia
| | - Phillip Cassey
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia5005 Australia
| | - Craig R. White
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland4072 Australia
- Centre for Geometric Biology School of Biological Sciences Monash University Melbourne Victoria3800 Australia
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14
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Davenport JM, Lowe WH. Does dispersal influence the strength of intraspecific competition in a stream salamander? J Zool (1987) 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. M. Davenport
- Division of Biological Sciences University of Montana Missoula MT USA
| | - W. H. Lowe
- Division of Biological Sciences University of Montana Missoula MT USA
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15
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16
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Trends in Stream Biodiversity Research since the River Continuum Concept. DIVERSITY-BASEL 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/d7010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Is dispersal neutral? Trends Ecol Evol 2014; 29:444-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Fenderson LE, Kovach AI, Litvaitis JA, O'Brien KM, Boland KM, Jakubas WJ. A multiscale analysis of gene flow for the New England cottontail, an imperiled habitat specialist in a fragmented landscape. Ecol Evol 2014; 4:1853-75. [PMID: 24963381 PMCID: PMC4063480 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Landscape features of anthropogenic or natural origin can influence organisms' dispersal patterns and the connectivity of populations. Understanding these relationships is of broad interest in ecology and evolutionary biology and provides key insights for habitat conservation planning at the landscape scale. This knowledge is germane to restoration efforts for the New England cottontail (Sylvilagus transitionalis), an early successional habitat specialist of conservation concern. We evaluated local population structure and measures of genetic diversity of a geographically isolated population of cottontails in the northeastern United States. We also conducted a multiscale landscape genetic analysis, in which we assessed genetic discontinuities relative to the landscape and developed several resistance models to test hypotheses about landscape features that promote or inhibit cottontail dispersal within and across the local populations. Bayesian clustering identified four genetically distinct populations, with very little migration among them, and additional substructure within one of those populations. These populations had private alleles, low genetic diversity, critically low effective population sizes (3.2-36.7), and evidence of recent genetic bottlenecks. Major highways and a river were found to limit cottontail dispersal and to separate populations. The habitat along roadsides, railroad beds, and utility corridors, on the other hand, was found to facilitate cottontail movement among patches. The relative importance of dispersal barriers and facilitators on gene flow varied among populations in relation to landscape composition, demonstrating the complexity and context dependency of factors influencing gene flow and highlighting the importance of replication and scale in landscape genetic studies. Our findings provide information for the design of restoration landscapes for the New England cottontail and also highlight the dual influence of roads, as both barriers and facilitators of dispersal for an early successional habitat specialist in a fragmented landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey E Fenderson
- 114 James Hall, Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire Durham, New Hampshire, 03824
| | - Adrienne I Kovach
- 114 James Hall, Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire Durham, New Hampshire, 03824
| | - John A Litvaitis
- 114 James Hall, Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire Durham, New Hampshire, 03824
| | - Kathleen M O'Brien
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge 321 Port Road, Wells, Maine, 04090
| | - Kelly M Boland
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge 321 Port Road, Wells, Maine, 04090
| | - Walter J Jakubas
- Maine Department of Inland Fisheries & Wildlife 650 State Street, Bangor, Maine, 04401
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Lowe WH, McPeek MA, Likens GE, Cosentino BJ. Decoupling of genetic and phenotypic divergence in a headwater landscape. Mol Ecol 2012; 21:2399-409. [PMID: 22486884 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2012.05546.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Winsor H Lowe
- Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA.
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