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Liu Q, Weng QQ, Shen SF, Jiang T, Pan ZC, Lin MX, Lan YQ, Wang Y, Chen Q, Shi CM. AT-rich interactive domain1A determines sensitivity to oxaliplatin in gastric cancer cells. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:7540-7549. [PMID: 35117354 PMCID: PMC8798539 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-2384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease and its traditional histopathological classification is difficult to meet clinical needs. Oxaliplatin is an antitumor drug with high efficiency and low toxicity. Therefore, the insensitivity or secondary drug resistance of oxaliplatin to gastric cancer is vital for tumor progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to oxaliplatin after ARID1A (AT-rich interactive domain1A gene) gene silencing. Methods MGC-803 and AGS cells were selected as gastric cancer cells for study. ARID1A protein and mRNA expression was detected by Western blot and quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). The short hairpin RNA (shRNA) fragment of ARID1A gene silencing was constructed and introduced into gastric cancer cells. The cell proliferation activity was calculated using CCK8 and the IC50 was calculated. The flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle and apoptosis rate. The ability of cell invasion was detected by transwell method. Cells were treated with different concentrations of oxaliplatin. Results The proliferation of gastric cancer cells was promoted by ARID1A gene silencing (P<0.01), the quantity of cells in S phase increased (P<0.05), and the invasive ability increased (P<0.05). After treatment with oxaliplatin at different concentrations, ARID1A gene silencing reduced the inhibition rate of oxaliplatin on gastric cancer cells and apoptosis rate (P<0.05), and increased IC 50 (P<0.01). Conclusions ARID1A gene silencing, a factor promoting proliferation of gastric cancer cells, would reduce the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to oxaliplatin, which can provide a basis for the exploration of targeted drugs for individualized treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Department of Oncology, Union Medical College Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qing-Qing Weng
- Department of Oncology, First Hospital of Putian City, Putian, China
| | - Song-Fei Shen
- Department of Oncology, Union Medical College Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Union Medical College Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhang-Chi Pan
- Department of Oncology, Union Medical College Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meng-Xin Lin
- Department of Oncology, Union Medical College Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan-Qin Lan
- Department of Oncology, Union Medical College Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Union Medical College Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Oncology, Union Medical College Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chun-Mei Shi
- Department of Oncology, Union Medical College Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Sapkota Y, Attia J, Gordon SD, Henders AK, Holliday EG, Rahmioglu N, MacGregor S, Martin NG, McEvoy M, Morris AP, Scott RJ, Zondervan KT, Montgomery GW, Nyholt DR. Genetic burden associated with varying degrees of disease severity in endometriosis. Mol Hum Reprod 2015; 21:594-602. [PMID: 25882541 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gav021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is primarily characterized by the presence of tissue resembling endometrium outside the uterine cavity and is usually diagnosed by laparoscopy. The most commonly used classification of disease, the revised American Fertility Society (rAFS) system to grade endometriosis into different stages based on disease severity (I to IV), has been questioned as it does not correlate well with underlying symptoms, posing issues in diagnosis and choice of treatment. Using two independent European genome-wide association (GWA) datasets and top-level classification of the endometriosis cases based on rAFS [minimal or mild (Stage A) and moderate-to-severe (Stage B) disease], we previously showed that Stage B endometriosis has greater contribution of common genetic variation to its aetiology than Stage A disease. Herein, we extend our previous analysis to four endometriosis stages [minimal (Stage I), mild (Stage II), moderate (Stage III) and severe (Stage IV) disease] based on the rAFS classification system and compared the genetic burden across stages. Our results indicate that genetic burden increases from minimal to severe endometriosis. For the minimal disease, genetic factors may contribute to a lesser extent than other disease categories. Mild and moderate endometriosis appeared genetically similar, making it difficult to tease them apart. Consistent with our previous reports, moderate and severe endometriosis showed greater genetic burden than minimal or mild disease. Overall, our results provide new insights into the genetic architecture of endometriosis and further investigation in larger samples may help to understand better the aetiology of varying degrees of endometriosis, enabling improved diagnostic and treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadav Sapkota
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - John Attia
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Public Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Scott D Gordon
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anjali K Henders
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G Holliday
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Public Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nilufer Rahmioglu
- Genetic and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark McEvoy
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Public Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Genetic and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rodney J Scott
- Public Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Division of Genetics, Hunter Area Pathology Service, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Krina T Zondervan
- Genetic and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dale R Nyholt
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Yamashita Y. Ovarian cancer: new developments in clear cell carcinoma and hopes for targeted therapy. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2015; 45:405-7. [PMID: 25583423 PMCID: PMC4412138 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyu221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Until recently, ovarian clear cell carcinoma was recognized by its unique morphology and unfavorable patient outcome primarily due to tumor chemoresistance. Recently, specific molecular characteristics of ovarian clear cell carcinoma, such as PI3CA mutation, ARID1a mutation and MET amplification, have been elucidated. In addition, an association between endometriosis and the tumor has also been a focus of research in recent years. The aim of this review is to discuss the specificity and importance of molecular changes and various intriguing points that are not solved until today. Finally, future aspects, including hopes for the development of novel therapies, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoriko Yamashita
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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Siufi Neto J, Kho RM, Siufi DFDS, Baracat EC, Anderson KS, Abrão MS. Cellular, histologic, and molecular changes associated with endometriosis and ovarian cancer. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2013; 21:55-63. [PMID: 23962574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2013.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2013] [Revised: 07/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of the pathogenesis of endometriosis is rapidly evolving as early molecular events are increasingly identified. Endometriosis is associated with increased risk of ovarian cancer and exhibits neoplastic phenotypes including invasion of stromal tissue and lymphatic spread to distant organs. This review of the literature establishes the clinical, epidemiologic, and pathologic correlation between endometriosis and low-grade ovarian cancer. Genetic studies have demonstrated that endometriotic lesions have mutations in genes directly related to neoplasms, in particular the p53, KRAS, PTEN, and ARID1A genes, which suggests a direct transition from a subset of endometriotic lesions to invasive carcinomas. The identification of both genetic and epigenetic biomarkers including microRNAs are essential for identifying patients at risk for the transition to neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosanne M Kho
- Department of Surgical Gynecology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix
| | | | - Edmund Chada Baracat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of the State of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maurício Simões Abrão
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of the State of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
Women with Lynch syndrome (LS) are at increased risk for endometrial (EC) and ovarian carcinoma (OC). Current surveillance recommendations for detection of EC and OC in LS patients are not effective. Small studies have shown that prophylactic hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (P-TH-BSO) are the most effective and least expensive preventive measures in these patients. Data regarding histologic findings in prophylactic specimens in these patients are lacking. All LS patients who underwent P-TH-BSO at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center from 2000 to 2011 were identified. Slides were evaluated for the presence of endometrial hyperplasia (EH), EC, OC, or any other recurrent histologic findings. Twenty-five patients were identified, with an age range of 36 to 61 years. Fifteen patients had a synchronous or prior colorectal carcinoma, and 2 patients had a history of sebaceous carcinoma. Focal FIGO grade 1 endometrioid ECs were detected in 2 patients; 1 was 54 years of age (MSH2 mutation; superficially invasive), and the other was 56 years of age (MLH1 mutation; noninvasive). Focal complex atypical hyperplasia, unassociated with carcinoma, was seen in 3 patients, ages 35 and 45 (MLH1 mutations) and 53 years (MSH2 mutation). One patient (44 y, with MSH2 mutation) was found to have a mixed endometrioid/clear cell OC and simple EH without atypia. The OC was adherent to the colon but did not show distant metastasis. In our study, P-TH-BSOs performed because of the presence of LS revealed incidental EC and/or EH in 24% of cases and OC in 4%. The ECs were low grade, confined to the endometrium, and seen in patients older than 50 years. Prophylactic hysterectomy allows detection of early lesions in LS; these lesions appear to be small and focal. This small series of prophylactic hysterectomies may provide some clues about LS-associated endometrial carcinogenesis.
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Shoni M, Parra-Herran CE, May T, Wright AA, Feltmate CM. Multiple Synchronous Primary Gynecologic Malignancies in an MSH2 Mutation Carrier With Endometriosis. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31:e33-6. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2012.43.4274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Melina Shoni
- Brigham and Women's Hospital; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Taymaa May
- Brigham and Women's Hospital; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Alexi A. Wright
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Colleen M. Feltmate
- Brigham and Women's Hospital; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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