A polymorphism at miRNA-122-binding site in the IL-1α 3'UTR is associated with risk of epithelial ovarian cancer

Pro-inflammatory cytokines and CXC chemokines as game-changer in age-associated prostate cancer and ovarian cancer: Insights from preclinical and clinical studies' outcomes

Prostate cancer (PC) and Ovarian cancer (OC) are two of the most common types of cancer that affect the reproductive systems of older men and women. These cancers are associated with a poor quality of life among the aged population. Therefore, finding new and innovative ways to detect, treat, and prevent these cancers in older patients is essential. Finding biomarkers for these malignancies will increase the chance of early detection and effective treatment, subsequently improving the survival rate. Studies have shown that the prevalence and health of some illnesses are linked to an impaired immune system. However, the age-associated changes in the immune system during malignancies such as PC and OC are poorly understood. Recent research has suggested that the excessive production of inflammatory immune mediators, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), transforming growth factor (TGF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), CXC motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1), CXC motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), and CXC motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13), etc., significantly impact the development of PC and OC in elderly patients. Our review focuses on the latest functional studies of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukins) and CXC chemokines, which serve as biomarkers in elderly patients with PC and OC. Thus, we aim to shed light on how these biomarkers affect the development of PC and OC in elderly patients. We also examine the current status and future perspective of cytokines (interleukins) and CXC chemokines-based therapeutic targets in OC and PC treatment for elderly patients.

Associations between non-coding RNAs genetic polymorphisms with ovarian cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis update with trial sequential analysis

BACKGROUND

This systemic review and meta-analysis seeks to systematically analyze and summarize the association between non-coding RNA polymorphisms and ovarian cancer risk.

METHODS

We searched PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI for available articles on non-coding RNA polymorphisms in patients with ovarian cancer from inception to March 1, 2023. The quality of each study included in the meta-analysis was rated according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.Odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were used to assess associations. Chi-square Q-test combined with inconsistency index (I2) was used to test for heterogeneity among studies. Lastly, trial sequential analysis (TSA) software was used to verify the reliability of meta-analysis results, and in-silico miRNA expression were also performed. The meta-analysis was registered with PROSPERO (No. CRD42023422091).

RESULTS

A total of 17 case-control studies with 18 SNPs were selected, including 2 studies with H19 rs2107425 and HOTAIR rs4759314, and 5 studies with miR-146a rs2910164 and miR-196a rs11614913. Significant associations were found between H19 rs2107425, miR-146a rs2910164, and miR-196a rs11614913 and ovarian cancer risk. Three genetic models of H19 rs2107425 (CT vs TT (heterozygote model): OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.22-1.52, P < .00001; CC + CT vs TT (dominant model): OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.02-1.24, P = .02; and CC vs CT + TT (recessive model): OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.16-1.31, P < .00001), 2 genetic models of miR-146a rs2910164 (allele model: OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.05-2.91, P = .03; and heterozygote model: OR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.11-0.98, P = .05), 3 genetic models of miR-196a rs11614913 (allele model: OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.59-0.82, P < .0001; dominant model: OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.18-2.24, P = .0001; and recessive model: OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.57-0.87, P = .03) were statistically linked to ovarian cancer risk. Subgroup analysis for miR-146a rs2910164 was performed according to ethnicity. No association was found in any genetic model. The outcomes of TSA also validated the findings of this meta-analysis.

CONCLUSION

This study summarizes that H19 rs2107425, miR-146a rs2910164, and miR-196a rs11614913 polymorphisms are significantly linked with the risk of ovarian cancer, and moreover, large-scale and well-designed studies are needed to validate our result.

IL-1α and colorectal cancer pathogenesis: Enthralling candidate for anti-cancer therapy

Inflammation has been well-established as a hallmark of colorectal cancer (CRC). Interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α) is one of the primary inflammatory mediators driving the pathogenesis of inflammation-associated CRC. This systematic review presents the roles of IL-1α in the pathogenesis of the disease. Bibliographic databases PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science were systematically searched for articles that addresses the relationship between IL-1α and colorectal cancer. We highlighted various mechanisms by which IL-1α promotes the pathogenesis of CRC including enhancement of angiogenesis, metastasis, resistance to therapy, and inhibition of tumour suppressive genes. We also discussed the potential mechanisms by which IL-1α expression is induced or secreted in various studies. Beyond these, the systematic review also highlights several potential therapeutic strategies which should be further explored in the future; to target IL-1α and/or its associated pathways; paving our way in finding effective treatments for CRC patients.

IL1A polymorphisms is a risk factor for colorectal cancer in Chinese Han population: a case control study

BACKGROUND

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and genetic variations exert distinct roles in its pathogenesis. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in interleukin 1 alpha (IL1A) were reported to be correlated to the susceptibility of diverse cancers. The aim of this study was to assess the association of IL1A SNPs with the risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese Han population.

METHODS

To evaluate the correlation between IL1A polymorphisms and CRC risk, Agena MassARRAY platform was used for genotype determination among 248 CRC patients and 463 controls. The relationships between IL1A variants and CRC susceptibility were examined by logistic regression analysis. Stratified analysis was conducted for the association detection in males and females. Haplotype construction and analysis were applied to evaluate the potential relationship between the genetic block and the risk of CRC. SNP functional exploration was performed with available bioinformatics datasets.

RESULTS

After adjusting for age and gender, the "AA" genotype of rs2856838 exhibited a risk association with colorectal cancer in the recessive model (adjusted OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.05-3.72, p = 0.036). With stratified analysis, the recessive models of rs3783550 (OR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.03-4.60, p = 0.043), rs2856838 (OR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.13-5.87, p = 0.024), rs1609682 (OR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.04-4.65, p = 0.040), and rs3783521 (OR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.01-4.49, p = 0.048) revealed significant relationships between these variants and an increased CRC risk only in females. Bioinformatics analysis also revealed the putative functions of the selected SNPs.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrated that rs2856838 could influence the susceptibility to CRC in Chinese Han population from northwest China. IL1A variants rs3783550, rs2856838, rs1609682, and rs3783521 were associated with CRC risk only in females.

Association between an insertion/deletion polymorphism in the interleukin-1α gene and the risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population

BACKGROUND

Previous studies have reported that polymorphisms in the interleukin-1 gene may be involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression.

AIM

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether an insertion/deletion polymorphism, rs3783553, located in the miR-122 target gene interleukin-1α, was associated with the risk of colorectal cancer.

METHODS

Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral venous blood of 382 patients with colorectal cancer and 433 controls, and the polymorphism was genotyped using a polymerase chain reaction assay.

RESULTS

Significantly decreased colorectal cancer risk was observed to be associated with the interleukin-1α rs3783553 insertion/insertion genotype ( P=0.0001; OR=0.41; 95% CI 0.26, 0.65) and the insertion allele ( P<0.001; OR=0.68; 95% CI 0.55, 0.83). Stratification analysis based on clinical and pathological features also revealed that the "TTCA" insertion allele of rs3783553 contributes to slow the progression of colorectal cancer.

CONCLUSION

These results suggest that the rs3783553 polymorphism could be a useful genetic marker to predict the size/extent of colorectal cancer.

Genetic variants as ovarian cancer first-line treatment hallmarks: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

The potential predictive value of genetic polymorphisms in ovarian cancer first-line treatment is inconsistently reported. We aimed to review ovarian cancer pharmacogenetic studies to update and summarize the available data and to provide directions for further research.

METHODS

A systematic review followed by a meta-analysis was conducted on cohort studies assessing the involvement of genetic polymorphisms in ovarian cancer first-line treatment response retrieved through a MEDLINE database search by November 2016. Studies were pooled and summary estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using random or fixed-effects models as appropriate.

RESULTS

One hundred and forty-two studies gathering 106871 patients were included. Combined data suggested that GSTM1-null genotype patients have a lower risk of death compared to GSTM1-wt carriers, specifically in advanced stages (hazard ratio (HR), 0.68; 95% CI, 0.48-0.97) and when submitted to platinum-based chemotherapy (aHR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.39-0.94). ERCC1 rs11615 and rs3212886 might have also a significant impact in treatment outcome (aHR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.51-0.89; aHR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.01-1.63, respectively). Moreover, ERCC2 rs13181 and rs1799793 showed a distinct ethnic behavior (Asians: aHR, 1.41; 95% CI, 0.80-2.49; aHR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.62-1.86; Caucasians: aHR, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.01-0.96; aHR, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.05-0.68, respectively).

CONCLUSION(S)

The definition of integrative predictive models should encompass genetic information, especially regarding GSTM1 homozygous deletion. Justifying additional pharmacogenetic investigation are variants in ERCC1 and ERCC2, which highlight the DNA Repair ability to ovarian cancer prognosis. Further knowledge could aid to understand platinum-treatment failure and to tailor chemotherapy strategies.

Association between an insertion/deletion polymorphism in IL-1A gene and cancer risk: a meta-analysis

Purpose

Previous studies have reported the association of an insertion/deletion (Ins/Del) polymorphism (rs3783553) in the 3′ untranslated region of interleukin-1A (IL-1A) with the risk of cancer, such as oral squamous cell carcinoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and cervical carcinoma. However, the results are still inconsistent. The present meta-analysis aimed to clarify the association of IL-1A rs3783553 polymorphism with cancer risk.

Methods

All eligible studies were selected from PubMed, Web of Science, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure up to September 2, 2015. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate cancer risk.

Results

A total of ten case–control studies with 4,514 cases and 6,689 controls were included this meta-analysis. We found that IL-1A rs3783553 polymorphism was significantly associated with cancer risk (Ins/Ins + Ins/Del vs Del/Del: OR =0.79, 95% CI =0.67–0.92; Ins/Ins vs Del/Del: OR =0.61, 95% CI =0.47–0.79; Ins/Ins vs Ins/Del + Del/Del: OR =0.67, 95% CI =0.55–0.83; Ins vs Del: OR =0.81, 95% CI =0.72–0.92). In the stratified analyses, significant effects were found among Asian populations (Ins/Ins + Ins/Del vs Del/Del: OR =0.81, 95% CI =0.69–0.95) and cervical carcinoma (Ins/Ins vs Del/Del: OR =0.51, 95% CI =0.34–0.76; Ins/Ins vs Ins/Del + Del/Del: OR =0.52, 95% CI =0.35–0.78).

Conclusion

Our meta-analysis suggests that the IL-1A rs3783553 polymorphism contributes to susceptibility to cancer. However, well-designed studies with larger sample sizes are required to verify the results.