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Maoz A, Rodriguez NJ, Yurgelun MB, Syngal S. Gastrointestinal Cancer Precursor Conditions and Their Detection. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2024; 38:783-811. [PMID: 38760197 PMCID: PMC11537157 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers are a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. Many gastrointestinal cancers develop from cancer precursor lesions, which are commonly found in individuals with hereditary cancer syndromes. Hereditary cancer syndromes have advanced our understanding of cancer development and progression and have facilitated the evaluation of cancer prevention and interception efforts. Common gastrointestinal hereditary cancer syndromes, including their organ-specific cancer risk and surveillance recommendations, are reviewed in this article. The management of common gastroesophageal, pancreatic, and colonic precursor lesions is also discussed, regardless of their genetic background. Further research is needed to advance chemoprevention and immunoprevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaf Maoz
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. https://twitter.com/asaf_maoz
| | - Nicolette J Rodriguez
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston MA 02115, USA; Division of Cancer Genetics and Prevention, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston MA 02215, USA. https://twitter.com/Dr_NJRodriguez
| | - Matthew B Yurgelun
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. https://twitter.com/MattYurgelun
| | - Sapna Syngal
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Brock P, Sevigny M, Liyanarachchi S, Comiskey DF, Li W, Saarinen S, Yilmaz AS, Nieminen AI, Ringel MD, Peltomäki P, Ollila S, Nieminen TT. PDPR Gene Variants Predisposing to Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid 2024; 34:575-582. [PMID: 38062777 PMCID: PMC11238834 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2023.0560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Background: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the predominant subtype of thyroid cancer (THCA), and it can cluster in families with an autosomal dominant (AD) inheritance pattern. The aim of this study was to identify novel genes and mechanisms underlying PTC susceptibility. Methods: Our previous investigation of 17 AD PTC families led us to conduct a deeper analysis on one family (Family Q) with whole-genome sequencing data from 3 PTC-affected individuals. In addition, 323 sporadic THCA cases from Avatar data and 12 familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) individuals with secondary THCA were screened for pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase regulatory (PDPR) variants. CRISPR-Cas9 was used to create PDPR-deficient THCA (TPC1) and transformed normal thyroid cell lines (N-Thyori3-1) to study the metabolic consequences of PDPR loss. Results: We found truncating PDPR splice donor variants (NM_017990.4:c.361 + 1G>C) in all affected PTC Family Q members, and another PDPR splice donor variant (NM_017990.4:c.443 + 1G>C) in a sporadic PTC case. In addition, an ultra-rare missense variant was found in an FAP-PTC patient. The PDPR-deficient cells presented with elevated phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase and altered glucose metabolism, implying that PDPR plays an essential part in regulating glucose metabolism in thyroid cells. Conclusions: Our finding of novel truncating germline variants in PDPR in Family Q and additional cohorts suggests a role for PDPR loss in PTC predisposition. Also, somatic and RNA sequencing from the thyroid carcinoma (Firehouse Legacy) data showed that PDPR gene expression is much lower in THCA tumor tissue compared with matching normal tissue. Thus, PDPR appears to have a loss of function effect on THCA tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Brock
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Myriam Sevigny
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Daniel F. Comiskey
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Saila Saarinen
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ayse Selen Yilmaz
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Anni I. Nieminen
- FIMM Metabolomics Unit, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matthew D. Ringel
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Päivi Peltomäki
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saara Ollila
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina T. Nieminen
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Pantaleo A, Forte G, Cariola F, Valentini AM, Fasano C, Sanese P, Grossi V, Buonadonna AL, De Marco K, Lepore Signorile M, Guglielmi AF, Manghisi A, Gigante G, Armentano R, Disciglio V, Simone C. Tumor Testing and Genetic Analysis to Identify Lynch Syndrome Patients in an Italian Colorectal Cancer Cohort. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5061. [PMID: 37894428 PMCID: PMC10605602 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lynch syndrome (LS) is an inherited cancer susceptibility syndrome caused by germline mutations in a DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene or in the EPCAM gene. LS is associated with an increased lifetime risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and other malignancies. The screening algorithm for LS patient selection is based on the identification of CRC specimens that have MMR loss/high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) and are wild-type for BRAFV600. Here, we sought to clinically and molecularly characterize patients with these features. From 2017 to 2023, 841 CRC patients were evaluated for MSI and BRAFV600E mutation status, 100 of which showed MSI-H. Of these, 70 were wild-type for BRAFV600. Among these 70 patients, 30 were genetically tested for germline variants in hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome genes. This analysis showed that 19 of these 30 patients (63.3%) harbored a germline pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in MMR genes, 2 (6.7%) harbored a variant of unknown significance (VUS) in MMR genes, 3 (10%) harbored a VUS in other cancer-related genes, and 6 (20%) were negative to genetic testing. These findings highlight the importance of personalized medicine for tailored genetic counseling, management, and surveillance of families with LS and other hereditary cancer syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Pantaleo
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (P.S.); (V.G.); (A.L.B.); (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (A.F.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Giovanna Forte
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (P.S.); (V.G.); (A.L.B.); (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (A.F.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Filomena Cariola
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (P.S.); (V.G.); (A.L.B.); (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (A.F.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Anna Maria Valentini
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.M.V.); (R.A.)
| | - Candida Fasano
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (P.S.); (V.G.); (A.L.B.); (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (A.F.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Paola Sanese
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (P.S.); (V.G.); (A.L.B.); (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (A.F.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Valentina Grossi
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (P.S.); (V.G.); (A.L.B.); (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (A.F.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonia Lucia Buonadonna
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (P.S.); (V.G.); (A.L.B.); (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (A.F.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Katia De Marco
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (P.S.); (V.G.); (A.L.B.); (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (A.F.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Martina Lepore Signorile
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (P.S.); (V.G.); (A.L.B.); (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (A.F.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Anna Filomena Guglielmi
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (P.S.); (V.G.); (A.L.B.); (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (A.F.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Andrea Manghisi
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (P.S.); (V.G.); (A.L.B.); (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (A.F.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Gianluigi Gigante
- Department of General Surgery, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy;
| | - Raffaele Armentano
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.M.V.); (R.A.)
| | - Vittoria Disciglio
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (P.S.); (V.G.); (A.L.B.); (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (A.F.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Cristiano Simone
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (F.C.); (C.F.); (P.S.); (V.G.); (A.L.B.); (K.D.M.); (M.L.S.); (A.F.G.); (A.M.)
- Medical Genetics, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonic Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
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Oda S, Ushiama M, Nakamura W, Gotoh M, Tanabe N, Watanabe T, Odaka Y, Aoyagi K, Sakamoto H, Nakajima T, Sugano K, Yoshida T, Shiraishi Y, Hirata M. A complex rearrangement between APC and TP63 associated with familial adenomatous polyposis identified by multimodal genomic analysis: a case report. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1205847. [PMID: 37601671 PMCID: PMC10434623 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1205847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic testing of the APC gene by sequencing analysis and MLPA is available across commercial laboratories for the definitive genetic diagnosis of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). However, some genetic alterations are difficult to detect using conventional analyses. Here, we report a case of a complex genomic APC-TP63 rearrangement, which was identified in a patient with FAP by a series of genomic analyses, including multigene panel testing, chromosomal analyses, and long-read sequencing. A woman in her thirties was diagnosed with FAP due to multiple polyps in her colon and underwent total colectomy. Subsequent examination revealed fundic gland polyposis. No family history suggesting FAP was noted except for a first-degree relative with desmoid fibromatosis. The conventional APC gene testing was performed by her former doctor, but no pathogenic variant was detected, except for 2 variants of unknown significance. The patient was referred to our hospital for further genetic analysis. After obtaining informed consent in genetic counseling, we conducted a multigene panel analysis. As insertion of a part of the TP63 sequence was detected within exon16 of APC, further analyses, including chromosomal analysis and long-read sequencing, were performed and a complex translocation between chromosomes 3 and 5 containing several breakpoints in TP63 and APC was identified. No phenotype associated with TP63 pathogenic variants, such as split-hand/foot malformation (SHFM) or ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, or cleft lip/palate syndrome (EEC) was identified in the patient or her relatives. Multimodal genomic analyses should be considered in cases where no pathogenic germline variants are detected by conventional genetic testing despite an evident medical or family history of hereditary cancer syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoyo Oda
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mineko Ushiama
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wataru Nakamura
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Gotoh
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Tanabe
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Watanabe
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Odaka
- Department of Clinical Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Aoyagi
- Department of Clinical Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sakamoto
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakajima
- Department Medical Ethics/Medical Genetics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kokichi Sugano
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Kyoundo Hospital, Sasaki Foundation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Yoshida
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shiraishi
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Hirata
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Molecular Pathology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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Balinisteanu I, Panzaru MC, Caba L, Ungureanu MC, Florea A, Grigore AM, Gorduza EV. Cancer Predisposition Syndromes and Thyroid Cancer: Keys for a Short Two-Way Street. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2143. [PMID: 37626640 PMCID: PMC10452453 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer predisposition syndromes are entities determined especially by germinal pathogenic variants, with most of them autosomal dominantly inherited. The risk of a form of cancer is variable throughout life and affects various organs, including the thyroid. Knowing the heterogeneous clinical picture and the existing genotype-phenotype correlations in some forms of thyroid cancer associated with these syndromes is important for adequate and early management of patients and families. This review synthesizes the current knowledge on genes and proteins involved in cancer predisposition syndromes with thyroid cancer and the phenomena of heterogeneity (locus, allelic, mutational, and clinical).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Balinisteanu
- Endocrinology Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.B.); (M.-C.U.)
- Endocrinology Department, “Sf. Spiridon” Hospital, 700106 Iasi, Romania
| | - Monica-Cristina Panzaru
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.F.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Lavinia Caba
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.F.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Maria-Christina Ungureanu
- Endocrinology Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.B.); (M.-C.U.)
- Endocrinology Department, “Sf. Spiridon” Hospital, 700106 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andreea Florea
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.F.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Ana Maria Grigore
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.F.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Eusebiu Vlad Gorduza
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.F.); (E.V.G.)
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Xu M, Zheng Y, Zuo Z, Zhou Q, Deng Q, Wang J, Wang D. De novo familial adenomatous polyposis associated thyroid cancer with a c.2929delG frameshift deletion mutation in APC: a case report and literature review. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:73. [PMID: 36864485 PMCID: PMC9979514 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-02951-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline mutations in the APC gene located on chromosome 5q 21-22 can lead to familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) if left untreated. As a rare extracolonic manifestation, thyroid cancer is diagnosed in about 2.6% of FAP patients. The genotype-phenotype correlation in FAP patients with thyroid cancer remains unclear. CASE PRESENTATION We present a 20-year-old female of FAP with thyroid cancer as the initial manifestation. The patient was asymptomatic and developed colon cancer liver metastases 2 years after the diagnosis of thyroid cancer. The patient underwent multiple surgical treatments in several organs, and regular colonoscopy with endoscopic polypectomy was performed. Genetic testing demonstrated the c.2929delG (p.Gly977Valfs*3) variant in exon 15 of the APC gene. This represents a previously undescribed APC mutation. This mutation causes loss of multiple structures on the APC gene including the 20-amino acid repeats, the EB1 binding domain, and the HDLG binding site, which may be pathogenic through β-catenin accumulation, cell cycle microtubule dysregulation, and tumor suppressor inactivation. CONCLUSIONS We report a de novo FAP case with thyroid cancer presenting atypically aggressive features harboring a novel APC mutation and review APC germline mutations in patients with FAP-associated thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaorong Xu
- grid.412465.0Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88Th, Hangzhou, 310009 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuyan Zheng
- grid.412465.0Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88Th, Hangzhou, 310009 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongchao Zuo
- grid.412465.0Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88Th, Hangzhou, 310009 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Zhou
- grid.412465.0Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88Th, Hangzhou, 310009 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Qun Deng
- grid.412465.0Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88Th, Hangzhou, 310009 Zhejiang Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88Th, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Da Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88Th, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
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Thyroid Nodules in Children With Familial Adenomatous Polyposis. Am J Gastroenterol 2022; 117:1166-1168. [PMID: 35333786 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ultrasound screening for thyroid cancer is recommended in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). This study investigated the prevalence of thyroid neoplasia in children with FAP. METHODS Cross-sectional study of children with FAP at an academic hospital. Clinical and ultrasound data were analyzed for the prevalence of thyroid nodules and cancer. RESULTS Of 37 children with FAP, 8 (22%) had thyroid nodules and 2 (5%) had thyroid cancer. Nodules (30%) and cancer (9%) were more common among female subjects and rare among male subjects. DISCUSSION Thyroid ultrasound screening in adolescence may benefit female subjects with FAP but has limited utility in male subjects.
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Kamani T, Charkhchi P, Zahedi A, Akbari MR. Genetic susceptibility to hereditary non-medullary thyroid cancer. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2022; 20:9. [PMID: 35255942 PMCID: PMC8900298 DOI: 10.1186/s13053-022-00215-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-medullary thyroid cancer (NMTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. With the increasing incidence of NMTC in recent years, the familial form of the disease has also become more common than previously reported, accounting for 5-15% of NMTC cases. Familial NMTC is further classified as non-syndromic and the less common syndromic FNMTC. Although syndromic NMTC has well-known genetic risk factors, the gene(s) responsible for the vast majority of non-syndromic FNMTC cases are yet to be identified. To date, several candidate genes have been identified as susceptibility genes in hereditary NMTC. This review summarizes genetic predisposition to non-medullary thyroid cancer and expands on the role of genetic variants in thyroid cancer tumorigenesis and the level of penetrance of NMTC-susceptibility genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Kamani
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, 76 Grenville St. Room 6421, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Parsa Charkhchi
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, 76 Grenville St. Room 6421, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Afshan Zahedi
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, 76 Grenville St. Room 6421, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Mohammad R Akbari
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, 76 Grenville St. Room 6421, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada. .,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada.
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Mitra S, Paramaguru R, Das P, Katti SV. Preneoplastic Lesions and Polyps of the Gastrointestinal Tract. SURGICAL PATHOLOGY OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM 2022:593-698. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-6395-6_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2025]
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A unique case of two somatic APC mutations in an early onset cribriform-morular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma and overview of the literature. Fam Cancer 2021; 19:15-21. [PMID: 31598872 PMCID: PMC7026211 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-019-00146-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of a 22-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with a cribriform-morular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (CMV-PTC). While at early ages this thyroid cancer variant is highly suggestive for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), there was no family history of FAP. In the tumor biallelic, inactivating APC variants were identified. The patient tested negative for germline variants based on analysis of genomic DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes. Somatic mosaicism was excluded by subsequent deep sequencing of leukocyte and normal thyroid DNA using next generation sequencing (NGS). This report presents a rare sporadic case of CMV-PTC, and to the best of our knowledge the first featuring two somatic APC mutations underlying the disease, with an overview of CMV-PTC cases with detected APC and CTNNB1 pathogenic variants from the literature.
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Lamartina L, Grani G, Durante C, Filetti S, Cooper DS. Screening for differentiated thyroid cancer in selected populations. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2020; 8:81-88. [PMID: 31591051 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(19)30324-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The main purpose of cancer screening programmes should not be to detect all cancers, but to discover potentially fatal or clinically relevant cancers. The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends against screening for thyroid cancer in the general, asymptomatic adult population, as such screening would result in harms that outweigh any potential benefits. This recommendation does not apply to patients with symptoms or to individuals at increased risk of thyroid cancer because of a history of exposure to ionising radiation (in childhood, as radioactive fallout, or in medical treatment as low-dose radiotherapy for benign conditions or high-dose radiation for malignancy), inherited genetic syndromes associated with thyroid cancer (eg, familial adenomatous polyposis), or one or more first-degree relatives with a history of thyroid cancer. We discuss the evidence for and against screening individuals who are at high risk, and consider the different screening tools available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Lamartina
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Giorgio Grani
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cosimo Durante
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Filetti
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - David S Cooper
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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