1
|
Kim SB, Farrag M, Mishra SK, Misra SK, Sharp JS, Doerksen RJ, Pomin VH. Selective 2-desulfation of tetrasaccharide-repeating sulfated fucans during oligosaccharide production by mild acid hydrolysis. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 301:120316. [PMID: 36436858 PMCID: PMC9745898 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Sulfated fucans (SFs) from echinoderms, such as sea cucumbers and sea urchins, present linear and regular sulfation patterns within defined oligosaccharide building blocks. The high molecular weights of these polymers pose a problem in advanced structure-activity relationship studies for which derived oligosaccharides are more appropriate tools for investigation. However, enzymes capable of specifically depolymerizing SFs, fucanases, are not very common. Scarce abundance and unknown catalytic activities are additional barriers to exploiting fucanases. Oligosaccharide production by controlled chemical reactions such as mild acid hydrolysis then becomes a convenient strategy. As a consequence, physicochemical studies are necessary to understand the structural modifications caused on SFs by this chemical hydrolysis. Hence, in this work, we subjected three tetrasaccharide-repeating SFs from sea cucumbers, Isostichopus badionotus (IbSF), Holothuria floridana (HfSF), and Lytechinus variegatus (LvSF) to mild acid hydrolysis for oligosaccharide production. Interestingly, selective 2-desulfation reaction was observed in all three SFs. Through our study, we indicate that selective 2-desulfation is a common and expected phenomenon in oligosaccharide production by mild acid hydrolysis of SFs, including those composed of tetrasaccharide-repeating units.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seon Beom Kim
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States; Department of Food Science & Technology, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Marwa Farrag
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Sushil K Mishra
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States
| | - Sandeep K Misra
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States
| | - Joshua S Sharp
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States
| | - Robert J Doerksen
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States
| | - Vitor H Pomin
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Structure elucidation and antitumor activity of a water soluble polysaccharide from Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 292:119718. [PMID: 35725190 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sea urchin nowadays serves as a delicacy around the world, and its gonads accumulate abundant polysaccharides before gametogenesis. However, the structure and bioactivity of these polysaccharides remain less well understood. Herein, a water soluble polysaccharide (HPP-1S) with a molecular weight of 2.996 × 107 Da was purified from the gonads of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. Chemical, spectroscopic and oligosaccharide sequencing analyses revealed that HPP-1S was a highly homogeneous polysaccharide featuring a linear backbone of 1,4-linked α-d-glucose with 1,6-α-d-glucose and 1,6-α-D-glucuronic acid side chains grafted on the backbone in an alternating pattern. In vitro, HPP-1S can arrest the cell cycle at G2/M and sub-G1 phases, and induce apoptosis in Hela cells potentially by increasing expression ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. In vivo, HPP-1S exhibited obvious antitumor efficacy in Hela xenograft-bearing nude mice with low toxicity. These findings indicated that HPP-1S might serve as a potential low toxic antitumor agent.
Collapse
|
3
|
Lipke PN, Rauceo JM, Viljoen A. Cell-Cell Mating Interactions: Overview and Potential of Single-Cell Force Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031110. [PMID: 35163034 PMCID: PMC8835621 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It is an understatement that mating and DNA transfer are key events for living organisms. Among the traits needed to facilitate mating, cell adhesion between gametes is a universal requirement. Thus, there should be specific properties for the adhesion proteins involved in mating. Biochemical and biophysical studies have revealed structural information about mating adhesins, as well as their specificities and affinities, leading to some ideas about these specialized adhesion proteins. Recently, single-cell force spectroscopy (SCFS) has added important findings. In SCFS, mating cells are brought into contact in an atomic force microscope (AFM), and the adhesive forces are monitored through the course of mating. The results have shown some remarkable characteristics of mating adhesins and add knowledge about the design and evolution of mating adhesins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter N. Lipke
- Biology Department, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USA
- Correspondence: (P.N.L.); (A.V.)
| | - Jason M. Rauceo
- Department of Sciences, John Jay College of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10019, USA;
| | - Albertus Viljoen
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Croix du Sud, 4–5, bte L7.07.07, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Correspondence: (P.N.L.); (A.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fournier GP, Parsons CW, Cutts EM, Tamre E. Standard Candles for Dating Microbial Lineages. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2569:41-74. [PMID: 36083443 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2691-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Molecular clock analyses are challenging for microbial phylogenies, due to a lack of fossil calibrations that can reliably provide absolute time constraints. An alternative source of temporal constraints for microbial groups is provided by the inheritance of proteins that are specific for the utilization of eukaryote-derived substrates, which have often been dispersed across the Tree of Life via horizontal gene transfer. In particular, animal, algal, and plant-derived substrates are often produced by groups with more precisely known divergence times, providing an older-bound on their availability within microbial environments. Therefore, these ages can serve as "standard candles" for dating microbial groups across the Tree of Life, expanding the reach of informative molecular clock investigations. Here, we formally develop the concept of substrate standard candles and describe how they can be propagated and applied using both microbial species trees and individual gene family phylogenies. We also provide detailed evaluations of several candidate standard candles and discuss their suitability in light of their often complex evolutionary and metabolic histories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory P Fournier
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Chris W Parsons
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elise M Cutts
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Erik Tamre
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ustyuzhanina NE, Bilan MI, Dmitrenok AS, Tsvetkova EA, Nifantiev NE, Usov AI. Oversulfated dermatan sulfate and heparinoid in the starfish Lysastrosoma anthosticta: Structures and anticoagulant activity. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 261:117867. [PMID: 33766355 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Crude anionic polysaccharides extracted from the Pacific starfish Lysastrosoma anthosticta were separated by anion-exchange chromatography into fractions LA-F1 and LA-F2. The main fraction LA-F1 was solvolytically desulfated giving rise to preparation LA-F1-DS with a structure of dermatan core [→3)-β-d-GalNAc-(1→4)-α-l-IdoA-(1→]n. Reduction of LA-F1 afforded preparation LA-F1-RED composed mainly of the repeating disaccharide units →3)-β-d-GalNAc4R-(1→4)-α-l-Ido2S3S-(1→, where R was SO3- or H. Analysis of the NMR spectra of the parent fraction LA-F1 led to determine the main component as the oversulfated dermatan sulfate LA-Derm bearing sulfate groups at O-2 and O-3 of α-l-iduronic acid, as well as at O-4 of some N-acetyl-d-galactosamine residues. The minor fraction LA-F2 contained a mixture of LA-Derm and heparinoid LA-Hep, the latter being composed of the fragments →4)-α-d-GlcNS3S6S-(1→4)-α-l-IdoA2S3S-(1→ and →4)-α-d-GlcNS3S-(1→4)-α-l-IdoA2S3S-(1→. The presence of 2,3-di-O-sulfated iduronic acid residues is very unusual both for natural dermatan sulfate and heparinoid. Preparations LA-F1, LA-F2 and LA-F1-RED demonstrated significant anticoagulant effect in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda E Ustyuzhanina
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Maria I Bilan
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Andrey S Dmitrenok
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Evgenia A Tsvetkova
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Nikolay E Nifantiev
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Anatolii I Usov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bezerra FF, Vignovich WP, Aderibigbe AO, Liu H, Sharp JS, Doerksen RJ, Pomin VH. Conformational properties of l-fucose and the tetrasaccharide building block of the sulfated l-fucan from Lytechinus variegatus. J Struct Biol 2019; 209:107407. [PMID: 31698075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2019.107407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Although the 3D structure of carbohydrates is known to contribute to their biological roles, conformational studies of sugars are challenging because their chains are flexible in solution and consequently the number of 3D structural restraints is limited. Here, we investigate the conformational properties of the tetrasaccharide building block of the Lytechinus variegatus sulfated fucan composed of the following structure [l-Fucp4(SO3-)-α(1-3)-l-Fucp2,4(SO3-)-α(1-3)-l-Fucp2(SO3-)-α(1-3)-l-Fucp2(SO3-)] and the composing monosaccharide unit Fucp, primarily by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments performed at very low temperatures and using H2O as the solvent for the sugars rather than using the conventional deuterium oxide. By slowing down the fast chemical exchange rates and forcing the protonation of labile sites, we increased the number of through-space 1H-1H distances that could be measured by NMR spectroscopy. Following this strategy, additional conformational details of the tetrasaccharide and l-Fucp in solution were obtained. Computational molecular dynamics was performed to complement and validate the NMR-based measurements. A model of the NMR-restrained 3D structure is offered for the tetrasaccharide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco F Bezerra
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941, RJ, Brazil
| | - William P Vignovich
- BioMolecular Sciences Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, 38677 MS, USA
| | - AyoOluwa O Aderibigbe
- BioMolecular Sciences Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, 38677 MS, USA
| | - Hao Liu
- BioMolecular Sciences Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, 38677 MS, USA
| | - Joshua S Sharp
- BioMolecular Sciences Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, 38677 MS, USA; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, 38677 MS, USA
| | - Robert J Doerksen
- BioMolecular Sciences Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, 38677 MS, USA; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, 38677 MS, USA
| | - Vitor H Pomin
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941, RJ, Brazil; BioMolecular Sciences Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, 38677 MS, USA; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, 38677 MS, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lobov AA, Maltseva AL, Mikhailova NA, Granovitch AI. The Molecular Mechanisms of Gametic Incompatibility in Invertebrates. Acta Naturae 2019; 11:4-15. [PMID: 31720011 PMCID: PMC6826153 DOI: 10.32607/20758251-2019-11-3-4-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Fertilization (gamete fusion followed by zygote formation) is a multistage process. Each stage is mediated by ligand-receptor recognition of gamete interaction molecules. This recognition includes the movement of sperm in the gradient of egg chemoattractants, destruction of the egg envelope by acrosomal proteins, etc. Gametic incompatibility is one of the mechanisms of reproductive isolation. It is based on species-specific molecular interactions that prevent heterospecific fertilization. Although gametic incompatibility may occur in any sexually reproducing organism, it has been studied only in a few model species. Gamete interactions in different taxa involve generally similar processes, but they often employ non-homologous molecules. Gamete recognition proteins evolve rapidly, like immunity proteins, and include many taxon-specific families. In fact, recently appeared proteins particularly contribute to reproductive isolation via gametic incompatibility. Thus, we can assume a multiple, independent origin of this type of reproductive isolation throughout animal evolution. Gametic incompatibility can be achieved at any fertilization stage and entails different consequences at different taxonomic levels and ranges, from complete incompatibility between closely related species to partial incompatibility between distantly related taxa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Lobov
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- Laboratory of Regenerative Biomedicine, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - A. L. Maltseva
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - N. A. Mikhailova
- Centre of Cell Technologies, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - A. I. Granovitch
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Das A, Li PJ, Adak AK, Wu HR, Anwar MT, Chiang PY, Sun CM, Hwu JR, Lin CC. Stereoselective synthesis of a 9- O-sulfo Neu5Gc-capped O-linked oligosaccharide found on the sea urchin egg receptor. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00996a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of a serine bearing α2→5-Oglycolyl-linked oligoNeu5Gc found on sea urchin egg cell surfaces has been accomplished.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anindya Das
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu-30013
- Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jhen Li
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu-30013
- Taiwan
| | - Avijit K. Adak
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu-30013
- Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ru Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu-30013
- Taiwan
| | | | - Pei-Yun Chiang
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu-30013
- Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ming Sun
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu-30013
- Taiwan
| | - Jih-Ru Hwu
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu-30013
- Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu-30013
- Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Vasconcelos AA, Pomin VH. Marine Carbohydrate-Based Compounds with Medicinal Properties. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E233. [PMID: 29987239 PMCID: PMC6070937 DOI: 10.3390/md16070233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The oceans harbor a great diversity of organisms, and have been recognized as an important source of new compounds with nutritional and therapeutic potential. Among these compounds, carbohydrate-based compounds are of particular interest because they exhibit numerous biological functions associated with their chemical diversity. This gives rise to new substances for the development of bioactive products. Many are the known applications of substances with glycosidic domains obtained from marine species. This review covers the structural properties and the current findings on the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, antitumor and antimicrobial activities of medium and high molecular-weight carbohydrates or glycosylated compounds extracted from various marine organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariana A Vasconcelos
- Program of Glycobiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, and University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-913, Brazil.
| | - Vitor H Pomin
- Program of Glycobiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, and University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-913, Brazil.
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677-1848, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Teixeira FCOB, Kozlowski EO, Micheli KVDA, Vilela-Silva ACES, Borsig L, Pavão MSG. Sulfated fucans and a sulfated galactan from sea urchins as potent inhibitors of selectin-dependent hematogenous metastasis. Glycobiology 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe C O B Teixeira
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Celular de Glicoconjugados, Programa de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis and Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Eliene Oliveira Kozlowski
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Celular de Glicoconjugados, Programa de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis and Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Kayene Vitória de A Micheli
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Celular de Glicoconjugados, Programa de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis and Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina E S Vilela-Silva
- Laboratório de Atividade Biológica de Glicoconjugados, Programa de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas and Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941913, Brazil
| | - Lubor Borsig
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Mauro S G Pavão
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Celular de Glicoconjugados, Programa de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis and Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-913, Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisas Biomédicas, Hospital Naval Marcílio Dias, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20725-090, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ustyuzhanina NE, Bilan MI, Dmitrenok AS, Borodina EY, Nifantiev NE, Usov AI. A highly regular fucan sulfate from the sea cucumber Stichopus horrens. Carbohydr Res 2018; 456:5-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
12
|
Foo SA, Deaker D, Byrne M. Cherchez la femme - impact of ocean acidification on the egg jelly coat and attractants for sperm. J Exp Biol 2018; 221:jeb.177188. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.177188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The impact of ocean acidification on marine invertebrate eggs and consequences for sperm chemotaxis are unknown. In the sea urchins Heliocidaris tuberculata and H. erythrogramma, with small (93µm) and large (393µm) eggs, respectively, we documented the effect of decreased pH on the egg jelly coat, an extracellular matrix that increases target size for sperm and contains sperm attracting molecules. In near future conditions (pH 7.8, 7.6) the jelly coat of H. tuberculata decreased by 11 and 21%, reducing egg target size by 9 and 17%, respectively. In contrast, the egg jelly coat of H. erythrogramma was not affected. The reduction in the jelly coat has implications for sperm chemotaxis in H. tuberculata. In the presence of decreased pH and egg chemicals, the sperm of this species increased their velocity, motility and linearity, behaviour that was opposite to that seen for sperm exposed to egg chemicals in ambient conditions. Egg chemistry appears to cause a reduction in sperm velocity where attractants guide them in the direction of the egg. Investigation of the effects of decreased pH on sperm isolated from egg chemistry does not provide an integrative assessment of the effects of ocean acidification on sperm function. Differences in the sensitivity of the jelly coat of the two species is likely associated with egg evolution in H. erythrogramma. We highlight important unappreciated impacts of ocean acidification on marine gamete functionality, and insights into potential winners and losers in a changing ocean, pointing to the advantage conveyed by evolution of large eggs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shawna A. Foo
- Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Dione Deaker
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Maria Byrne
- School of Medical Sciences and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Intra J, Veltri C, De Caro D, Perotti ME, Pasini ME. In vitro evidence for the participation of Drosophila melanogaster sperm β-N-acetylglucosaminidases in the interactions with glycans carrying terminal N-acetylglucosamine residues on the egg's envelopes. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 96:e21403. [PMID: 28695569 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fertilization is a complex and multiphasic process, consisting of several steps, where egg-coating envelope's glycoproteins and sperm surface receptors play a critical role. Sperm-associated β-N-acetylglucosaminidases, also known as hexosaminidases, have been identified in a variety of organisms. Previously, two isoforms of hexosaminidases, named here DmHEXA and DmHEXB, were found as intrinsic proteins in the sperm plasma membrane of Drosophila melanogaster. In the present work, we carried out different approaches using solid-phase assays in order to analyze the oligosaccharide recognition ability of D. melanogaster sperm hexosaminidases to interact with well-defined carbohydrate chains that might functionally mimic egg glycoconjugates. Our results showed that Drosophila hexosaminidases prefer glycans carrying terminal β-N-acetylglucosamine, but not core β-N-acetylglucosamine residues. The capacity of sperm β-N-acetylhexosaminidases to bind micropylar chorion and vitelline envelope was examined in vitro assays. Binding was completely blocked when β-N-acetylhexosaminidases were preincubated with the glycoproteins ovalbumin and transferrin, and the monosaccharide β-N-acetylglucosamine. Overall, these data support the hypothesis of the potential role of these glycosidases in sperm-egg interactions in Drosophila.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jari Intra
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Concetta Veltri
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniela De Caro
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Vasconcelos AA, Pomin VH. The Sea as a Rich Source of Structurally Unique Glycosaminoglycans and Mimetics. Microorganisms 2017; 5:microorganisms5030051. [PMID: 28846656 PMCID: PMC5620642 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms5030051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are sulfated glycans capable of regulating various biological and medical functions. Heparin, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate and hyaluronan are the principal classes of GAGs found in animals. Although GAGs are all composed of disaccharide repeating building blocks, the sulfation patterns and the composing alternating monosaccharides vary among classes. Interestingly, GAGs from marine organisms can present structures clearly distinct from terrestrial animals even considering the same class of GAG. The holothurian fucosylated chondroitin sulfate, the dermatan sulfates with distinct sulfation patterns extracted from ascidian species, the sulfated glucuronic acid-containing heparan sulfate isolated from the gastropode Nodipecten nodosum, and the hybrid heparin/heparan sulfate molecule obtained from the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei are some typical examples. Besides being a rich source of structurally unique GAGs, the sea is also a wealthy environment of GAG-resembling sulfated glycans. Examples of these mimetics are the sulfated fucans and sulfated galactans found in brown, red and green algae, sea urchins and sea cucumbers. For adequate visualization, representations of all discussed molecules are given in both Haworth projections and 3D models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariana A Vasconcelos
- Program of Glycobiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil.
- University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil.
| | - Vitor H Pomin
- Program of Glycobiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil.
- University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Şahar U, Deveci R. Profiling N-glycans of the egg jelly coat of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and capillary liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-ion trap tandem mass spectrometry systems. Mol Reprod Dev 2017; 84:401-407. [PMID: 28295836 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Sea urchin eggs are surrounded by a carbohydrate-rich layer, termed the jelly coat, that consists of polysaccharides and glycoproteins. In the present study, we describe two mass spectrometric strategies to characterize the N-glycosylation of the Paracentrotus lividus egg jelly coat, which has an alecithal-type extracellular matrix like mammalian eggs. Egg jelly was isolated, lyophilized, and dialyzed, followed by peptide N-glycosidase F (PNGase-F) treatment to release N-glycans from their protein chain. These N-glycans were then derivatized by permethylation reaction, and analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and capillary liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-ion trap tandem mass spectroscopy (CapLC ESI-Ion trap-MS/MS). N-glycans in the egg jelly coat glycoproteins were indicated by sodiated molecules at m/z 1579.8, 1783.9, 1988.0, 2192.0, and 2397.1 for permethylated oligosaccharides on MALDI-TOF MS. Fragmentation and structural characterization of these oligosaccharides were performed by ESI-Ion trap MS/MS. Then, MALDI-TOF-MS and ESI-Ion trap-MS/MS spectra were interpreted using the GlycoWorkbench software suite, a tool for building, displaying, and profiling glycan masses, to identify the original oligosaccharide structures. The oligosaccharides of the isolated egg jelly coat were mainly of the high mannose type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umut Şahar
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Ege University, Bornova, İzmir
| | - Remziye Deveci
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Ege University, Bornova, İzmir
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pomin VH. Phylogeny, structure, function, biosynthesis and evolution of sulfated galactose-containing glycans. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 84:372-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|