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Metzler J, Zhang Y, Saw T, Leu CS, Landers C. Measuring hope: psychometric properties of the children's Hope Scale among South Sudanese refugee children. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023; 54:1452-1458. [PMID: 35389148 PMCID: PMC10435397 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01327-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the psychometric properties of the Children's Hope Scale among a sample of 1,118 South Sudanese refugee children (570 girls, 548 boys) aged 9 to 14 years displaced in Uganda. We assessed the underlying factor structure and model fit through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and measurement invariance by sex and developmental stage. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed good fit for a one-factor model with the error terms of items 1 and 3 and items 4 and 6 allowed to covary. There was no evidence of differential item functioning by group. Evidence from this study supports the use of a unidimensional model of hopefulness across groups and signifies the importance of confirming these properties for measures used to evaluate humanitarian interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna Metzler
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 60 Haven Ave., B-2, 10032, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 60 Haven Ave., B-2, 10032, New York, NY, United States
| | - Terry Saw
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 60 Haven Ave., B-2, 10032, New York, NY, United States
| | - Cheng-Shiun Leu
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 60 Haven Ave., B-2, 10032, New York, NY, United States
| | - Cassie Landers
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 60 Haven Ave., B-2, 10032, New York, NY, United States
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Lin H, Cox RB, Sahbaz S, Isaac JW, Larzelere RE, Greder KA. Hope for Latino immigrant youth: A longitudinal test of Snyder's Children's Hope Scale. FAMILY RELATIONS 2023; 72:697-718. [PMID: 37583768 PMCID: PMC10424775 DOI: 10.1111/fare.12651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective To examine the psychometric properties of Snyder's Children's Hope Scale (CHS) with first- and second-generation Latino immigrant youth, using item response theory, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and measurement invariance tests. Background Stress experienced by youth in 2020 has heightened interest in resilience factors such as hope. The CHS is widely used to measure hope but has not been validated for longitudinal assessments with immigrant populations. Methods Participants were 233 low socioeconomic status first- and second-generation Latino immigrant youth (50.43% female, 62% U.S.-born, and 81% of Mexican heritage). Data were collected at two timepoints spanning 4 weeks. Results Rather than the original six-item two-dimensional scale, our results supported a four-item one-dimensional scale, with excellent model fit, strong invariance across time, by gender and generation status, good reliability (α = .81), and the expected negative association with stress. Conclusions The four-item Hope scale is suitable for longitudinal assessments with first- and second-generation Latino immigrant populations and can be used for examining differences by gender and generation status in research and practice to assess youth resilience. Implications This study underscores the need for practitioners and researchers to rigorously investigate the psychometric properties of a measure before its use with diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Lin
- Department of Human Development & Family Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK
| | - Ronald B. Cox
- Department of Human Development & Family Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK
| | - Sumeyra Sahbaz
- Department of Human Development & Family Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK
| | - J. Washburn Isaac
- Department of Human Development & Family Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK
| | - Robert E. Larzelere
- Department of Human Development & Family Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK
| | - Kimberly A. Greder
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies and Human Sciences Extension and Outreach, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
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A Literature Review on the Role of Hope in Promoting Positive Youth Development across Non-WEIRD Contexts. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10020346. [PMID: 36832474 PMCID: PMC9955315 DOI: 10.3390/children10020346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Theoretical and empirical evidence has identified hope as a key adolescent strength that is linked to positive youth developmental outcomes. Although hope must be understood from a cultural lens, most of the evidence regarding adolescent hope is derived from samples of white youth from Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) nations. Therefore, in order to have a more comprehensive and global understanding of the antecedents, outcomes, and processes of hope, we apply a positive youth development perspective in order to review the literature (N = 52 studies) on hope from diverse cultural and international contexts. In organizing the findings by global region, our review provides evidence of the shared function of hope in promoting positive youth developmental outcomes and the usefulness of the Child Hope Scale across contexts. Family and parental relationships were identified as key assets in promoting hope; however, there exists cultural and contextual variation in what aspects of these relationships promote hope. We conclude this review by considering the priorities for research, practice, and policy, based on these findings.
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Lancaster BD, Van Allen J. Hope and pediatric health. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 49:101500. [PMID: 36463588 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Snyder's Hope Theory and its application in pediatric health have been receiving increased attention recently. Within the last three years, research has primarily focused on adolescents and/or young adults, and pediatric cancer populations. Generally, higher hope scores are associated with positive outcomes in pediatric studies. There has also been increased interest in the role of hope in pediatric health interventions, with some studies indicating that hope is malleable and that changes in hope are associated with changes in health outcomes. Limitations in this research area include (1) a few longitudinal and follow-up studies assessing the stability of changes in hope, (2) the need to determine directionality regarding hope and health outcome relations, and (3) some inconsistencies in the conceptualization of hope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany D Lancaster
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Jason Van Allen
- Clinical Psychology Program, Texas Tech University, Box 42051, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
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Ngai SSY, Cheung CK, Wang L, Li Y, Ng YH, Yu ENH, Leung WPC. Development and Validation of the Career and Life Development Hope (CLDH) Scale among Non-Engaged Youth in Hong Kong. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191610283. [PMID: 36011916 PMCID: PMC9408436 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Increasing career and life development hope (CLDH) is critical for the career and life pursuits of non-engaged youths (NEY) who face various disadvantages in the school-to-work transition, especially considering current challenging labor market conditions and the impacts of the pandemic. Nevertheless, research that explores the assessment of CLDH among NEY is scarce. To address this gap, this study aimed to develop and validate a CLDH measurement instrument. A total of 1998 NEY aged 13-29 years in Hong Kong participated in our study. Exploratory factor analysis of the 20-item CLDH scale suggested a two-factor structure-career and life development pathways (CLDP) and career and life development agency (CLDA)-which accounted for 63.08% of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis results show a good model fit (CFI = 0.934, TLI = 0.926, RMSEA = 0.060, 90% CI [0.055, 0.065], SRMR = 0.042) and all the items significantly represented the corresponding sub-constructs. The results also demonstrate a satisfactory internal consistency for all subscales and the full scale (0.89-0.95). Sub-group consistency across subsamples categorized by gender, age, and years of residence in Hong Kong was indicated. Correlations between the CLDH scale and subscales with other career-related and social well-being outcomes (i.e., youth career development competency, career adaptability, civic engagement, social contribution, and social integration) showed good concurrent validity. Our results support that the CLDH scale is a valid and reliable tool for measuring NEY's hope for career and life development in the Hong Kong context. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Sek-yum Ngai
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-3943-7512
| | - Chau-kiu Cheung
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yunjun Li
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuen-hang Ng
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Elly Nga-hin Yu
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Ling Y, Yang Q, Ge Z, Zhong M, Zeng Y, Huebner SE. Examination of the Validity of the Chinese Version of the Children’s Hope Scale Among Chinese Adolescents. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOEDUCATIONAL ASSESSMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/0734282920987324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Given possible developmental and/or cultural differences in the meaning and levels of hope among children, we evaluated the validity, measurement invariance, and latent mean differences for the Chinese version of the Children’s Hope Scale (CHS) across gender. Our sample comprised 2045 Chinese adolescents (46.4% men), with a mean age of 12.94 years. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) supported one-factor and two-factor models. Cronbach’s alphas, mean inter-item correlations, and test–retest coefficients supported their reliability for both models. Also, multigroup CFA for both models indicated measurement invariance across gender. Analyses of latent means revealed no significant gender differences for the CHS total or Agency factor. However, men scored higher than women on the Pathways factor. Such differences suggest consideration of gender when assessing and promoting hope in Chinese adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ling
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory for Cognition and Human Behavior, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Qin Yang
- No. 3 Middle School of Yongzhou, Yongzhou, China
| | - Zixuan Ge
- South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Stiles DA, Alaraudanjoki E, Wilkinson LR, Ritchie KL, Brown KA. Researching the Effectiveness of Tree of Life: an Imbeleko Approach to Counseling Refugee Youth. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2021; 14:123-139. [PMID: 33708288 PMCID: PMC7900289 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-019-00286-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
With the growing worldwide refugee crisis, there is a need for evidence-based interventions that specifically deal with the consequences of cumulative trauma-exposure in refugee youth. Refugee children have unique service needs and differ from their non-refugee peers in terms of sociocultural trauma, language, culture, and educational barriers. This article explains the complexities associated with understanding refugee youth and presents a proposal for studying the possible benefits of Tree of Life therapy. At the present time, Tree of Life therapy has no evidence-base because the published studies of Tree of Life with refugee and/or immigrant youth have sample sizes of one, six, eight, and twenty-nine. As a culturally-grounded, strength-based group counseling approach, Tree of Life therapy addresses traumatic experiences, recognizes participants' cultural differences, highlights individual skills, and aids in instilling both confidence and hope for the future. Ncazelo Ncube, the co-founder and main developer of Tree of Life, describes this therapy as a collective narrative practice that considers cultural beliefs and values (2006, 2010, 2018, 2019). The proposed research design is to study the effectiveness of the Tree of Life in Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, and South Africa. The research plan is to use pragmatic, group-randomized controlled trials in the "real world" settings of schools and agencies in each of the four countries. In addition, the article describes the development of the Roots and Wings Questionnaire for Children and Youth, a culturally relevant, child-friendly questionnaire. The Tree of Life is a readily available therapy with great potential for helping traumatized refugee youth as well as other trauma-impacted young people worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A. Stiles
- Applied Educational Psychology and School Psychology, Webster University, 470 Lockwood Ave, St. Louis, MO 63119 USA
| | - Esa Alaraudanjoki
- Applied Educational Psychology and School Psychology, Webster University, 470 Lockwood Ave, St. Louis, MO 63119 USA
| | - Lisa R. Wilkinson
- Applied Educational Psychology and School Psychology, Webster University, 470 Lockwood Ave, St. Louis, MO 63119 USA
| | - Keary L. Ritchie
- Applied Educational Psychology and School Psychology, Webster University, 470 Lockwood Ave, St. Louis, MO 63119 USA
| | - Kelly Ann Brown
- Applied Educational Psychology and School Psychology, Webster University, 470 Lockwood Ave, St. Louis, MO 63119 USA
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Yang Q, Ling Y, Huebner ES, Zeng Y, Liu C. Assessing the Measurement Invariance of the Children's Hope Scale in Chinese and American Adolescents. J Pers Assess 2019; 103:195-203. [PMID: 31859536 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2019.1693387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies of the Children's Hope Scale (CHS) have not compared its factor structure using samples of Chinese early adolescents and American early adolescents. Contrary to expectations, the one-factor model revealed a better fit for the Chinese sample (N = 1184) whereas the two-factor model revealed a better fit for the American sample (N = 1049). Full measurement invariance was not demonstrated for the two-factor model of the CHS with the Chinese adolescents. This finding indicated that researchers should not make mean level comparisons between the two factors of agency and pathways across early adolescents from these two nations. Partial scalar invariance was achieved for the one-factor model, which suggested that researchers may tentatively make comparisons between Chinese and American early adolescents using CHS total scores. Although caution should be exercised in interpreting the mean differences, Chinese adolescents reported a lower total mean level of hope than American adolescents. Differences in the findings are discussed within the collectivism-individualism framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yang
- College of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Ling
- College of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - E Scott Huebner
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Yifang Zeng
- College of Education, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Caili Liu
- College of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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