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Toledo E, Dim S, Edri A, Greenshpan Y, Ottolenghi A, Eisner N, Tzadka S, Pandey A, Ben Nun H, Le Saux G, Porgador A, Schvartzman M. Nanocomposite coatings for the prevention of surface contamination by coronavirus. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272307. [PMID: 35917302 PMCID: PMC9345348 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The current Covid-19 pandemic has a profound impact on all aspects of our lives. Aside from contagion by aerosols, the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 is ubiquitous on surfaces that millions of people handle daily. Therefore, controlling this pandemic involves the reduction of potential infections via contaminated surfaces. We developed antiviral surfaces by preparing suspensions of copper and cupric oxide nanoparticles in two different polymer matrices, poly(methyl methacrylate) and polyepoxide. For total copper contents as low as 5%, the composite material showed remarkable antiviral properties against the HCoV‐OC43 human coronavirus and against a model lentivirus and proved well-resistant to accelerated aging conditions. Importantly, we showed that the Cu/CuO mixture showed optimal performances. This product can be implemented to produce a simple and inexpensive coating with long-term antiviral properties and will open the way to developing surface coatings against a broad spectrum of pathogens including SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esti Toledo
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Sharon Dim
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Avishay Edri
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yariv Greenshpan
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Aner Ottolenghi
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Nadav Eisner
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Sivan Tzadka
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ashish Pandey
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Haggai Ben Nun
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Guillaume Le Saux
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Angel Porgador
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- * E-mail: (AP); (MS)
| | - Mark Schvartzman
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- * E-mail: (AP); (MS)
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Zhdanov VP. Lipid nanoparticles with ionizable lipids: Statistical aspects. Phys Rev E 2022; 105:044405. [PMID: 35590555 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.105.044405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) with size ∼100 nm are now used for fabrication of a new generation of drugs and antiviral vaccines. To optimize their function or, more specifically, interaction with cell membranes, their composition often includes ionizable lipids which are neutral or cationic (after association with H^{+}). Physically, such LNPs represent an interesting example of mesoscopic nanosystems with complex and far from understood properties. Experimentally, they can be studied at cell-membrane mimics. Herein, I analyze theoretically three related aspects. (i) I describe how the extent of protonation of ionizable lipids located at the surface of LNPs depends on the H^{+} concentration by using the phenomenological Langmuir-Stern and Poisson-Boltzmann models with continuum distribution of charges and the dipole model with discrete charges. In these frameworks, the H^{+} adsorption isotherms are predicted to be close to Langmuirian provided the fraction of ionizable lipids is smaller than 0.5. (ii) I scrutinize the interaction between charged LNPs and their interaction with a supported lipid bilayer (SLB) by using the phenomenological theory and lattice-gas model. The long-term association or attachment is predicted provided the charges are opposite. The models make it possible to estimate the size of the contact region (provided a LNP is not deformed) and the number of lipid-lipid bonds in this region. (iii) I briefly discuss denaturation of a LNP during interaction with the SLB and argue that it may occur via a few stepwise transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir P Zhdanov
- Section of Nano and Biophysics, Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden and Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Stagi L, De Forni D, Innocenzi P. Blocking viral infections by Lysine-based polymeric nanostructures. A critical review. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:1904-1919. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00030j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic due to the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus has accelerated the search for innovative antivirals with possibly broad-spectrum efficacy. One of the possible strategies is to inhibit...
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Zhdanov VP. How nanoparticles can induce dimerization and aggregation of cells in blood or lymph. Biosystems 2021; 210:104551. [PMID: 34597710 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
By analogy with virions, the binding of biologically-inspired nanoparticles (NPs) with ligands to the cellular membrane containing receptors depends on the multivalent ligand-receptor interaction, membrane bending, and cytoskeleton deformation. The interplay of these factors results in the existence of the potential minimum and activation barrier on the pathway towards full absorption of a NP. Herein, I hypothesize and show theoretically that the interaction of a NP, bound to one cell, with another cell can stabilize the potential minimum and increase the corresponding activation barrier, i.e., NPs can mediate the formation of long-living pairs of cells and aggregates containing a few cells inside blood and lymphatic vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir P Zhdanov
- Section of Nano and Biophysics, Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden; Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
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