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Jamal F, Altaf I, Ahmed G, Asad S, Ahmad H, Zia Q, Azhar A, Farheen S, Shafi T, Karim S, Zubair S, Owais M. Amphotericin B Nano-Assemblies Circumvent Intrinsic Toxicity and Ensure Superior Protection in Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis with Feeble Toxic Manifestation. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11010100. [PMID: 36679946 PMCID: PMC9866558 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In spite of its high effectiveness in the treatment of both leishmaniasis as well as a range of fungal infections, the free form of the polyene antibiotic amphotericin B (AmB) does not entertain the status of the most preferred drug of choice in clinical settings. The high intrinsic toxicity of the principal drug could be considered the main impedance in the frequent medicinal use of this otherwise very effective antimicrobial agent. Taking into consideration this fact, the pharma industry has introduced many novel dosage forms of AmB to alleviate its toxicity issues. However, the limited production, high cost, requirement for a strict cold chain, and need for parenteral administration are some of the limitations that explicitly compel professionals to look for the development of an alternate dosage form of this important drug. Considering the fact that the nano-size dimensions of drug formulation play an important role in increasing the efficacy of the core drug, we employed a green method for the development of nano-assemblies of AmB (AmB-NA). The as-synthesized AmB-NA manifests desirable pharmacokinetics in the treated animals. The possible mechanistic insight suggested that as-synthesized AmB-NA induces necrosis-mediated cell death and severe mitochondrial dysfunction in L. donovani promastigotes by triggering depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential. In vivo studies demonstrate a noticeable decline in parasite burden in the spleen, liver, and bone marrow of the experimental BALB/c mice host. In addition to successfully suppressing the Leishmania donovani, the as-formed AmB-NA formulation also modulates the host immune system with predominant Th1 polarization, a key immune defender that facilitates the killing of the intracellular parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fauzia Jamal
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Ishrat Altaf
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Ghufran Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna 800007, India
| | - Sheikh Asad
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Hira Ahmad
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Qamar Zia
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Asim Azhar
- Neat Meatt Biotech Private Limited, Bio-NEST-UDSC, University of Delhi (South Campus), New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Saba Farheen
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Taj Shafi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna 800007, India
| | - Shabana Karim
- Department of Botany, Anugrah Narayan College, Patliputra University, Patna 800013, India
| | - Swaleha Zubair
- Department of Computer Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Owais
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
- Correspondence:
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Krishna PG, Chandra Mishra P, Naika MM, Gadewar M, Ananthaswamy PP, Rao S, Boselin Prabhu SR, Yatish KV, Nagendra HG, Moustafa M, Al-Shehri M, Jha SK, Lal B, Stephen Santhakumari SM. Photocatalytic Activity Induced by Metal Nanoparticles Synthesized by Sustainable Approaches: A Comprehensive Review. Front Chem 2022; 10:917831. [PMID: 36118313 PMCID: PMC9479337 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.917831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a fast-expanding area with a wide range of applications in science, engineering, health, pharmacy, and other fields. Among many techniques that are employed toward the production of nanoparticles, synthesis using green technologies is the simplest and environment friendly. Nanoparticles produced from plant extracts have become a very popular subject of study in recent decades due to their diverse advantages such as low-cost synthesis, product stability, and ecofriendly protocols. These merits have prompted the development of nanoparticles from a variety of sources, including bacteria, fungi, algae, proteins, enzymes, etc., allowing for large-scale production with minimal contamination. However, nanoparticles obtained from plant extracts and phytochemicals exhibit greater reduction and stabilization and hence have proven the diversity of properties, like catalyst/photocatalyst, magnetic, antibacterial, cytotoxicity, circulating tumor deoxy ribo nucleic acid (CT-DNA) binding, gas sensing, etc. In the current scenario, nanoparticles can also play a critical role in cleaning wastewater and making it viable for a variety of operations. Nano-sized photocatalysts have a great scope toward the removal of large pollutants like organic dyes, heavy metals, and pesticides in an eco-friendly and sustainable manner from industrial effluents. Thus, in this review article, we discuss the synthesis of several metal nanoparticles using diverse plant extracts, as well as their characterization via techniques like UV–vis (ultraviolet–visible), XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), TEM (transmission electron microscopy), FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), etc., and catalytic activity on various hazardous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Gopala Krishna
- Department of Chemistry, Sir M. Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Bengaluru, India
- *Correspondence: Prashanth Gopala Krishna, , ; Saurabh Kumar Jha,
| | - Prabhu Chandra Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Mutthuraju Mahadev Naika
- Department of Chemistry, Sai Vidya Institute of Technology, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Bengaluru, India
| | - Manoj Gadewar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, KR Mangalam University, Gurgaon, India
| | | | - Srilatha Rao
- Department of Chemistry, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Bengaluru, India
| | | | | | - Holenarasipura Gundurao Nagendra
- Department of Bio Technology, Sir M. Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Bengaluru, India
| | - Mahmoud Moustafa
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Al-Shehri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied and Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
- *Correspondence: Prashanth Gopala Krishna, , ; Saurabh Kumar Jha,
| | - Bharat Lal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, KR Mangalam University, Gurgaon, India
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Isa N, Osman MS, Abdul Hamid H, Inderan V, Lockman Z. Studies of surface plasmon resonance of silver nanoparticles reduced by aqueous extract of shortleaf spikesedge and their catalytic activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2022; 25:658-669. [PMID: 35858487 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2022.2099345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using shortleaf spikesedge extract (SSE) to reduce AgNO3. Visual observation, in addition to analyses of UV-vis, EDX, XRD, FTIR, and TEM was employed to monitor the formation of AgNPs. The effects of SSE concentration, AgNO3 concentration, reaction time, pH, and temperature on the synthesis of AgNPs were studied based on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band. From the TEM image, highly-scattered AgNPs of quasi-spherical shape with an average particle size of 17.64 nm, were observed. For the catalytic study, the reduction of methylene blue (MB) was evaluated using two systems. A detailed batch study of the removal efficiency (%RE) and kinetics was done at an ambient temperature, various MB initial concentrations, and varying reaction time. Employing the electron relay effect in System 2, the batch study clearly highlighted the significant role of AgNPs in boosting the catalytic activity for MB removal. At 30-100 mg/L initial concentrations, MB was reduced by 100% in a very short reaction time between 1.5 and 5.0 mins. The kinetic data best fitted the pseudo-first-order model with a maximum reaction rate of 2.5715 min-1. These findings suggest the promising application of AgNPs in dye wastewater treatment.The SSE-driven AgNPs were prepared using unwanted dried biomass of shortleaf spikesedge extract (SSE) as a reducing as well as stabilizing agent. Employing the electron relay effect, the batch study clearly highlighted the significant role of SSE-driven AgNPs in boosting the catalytic activity for MB removal. At 30-100 mg/L initial concentrations, MB was reduced by 100% in a very short reaction time between 1.5 and 5.0 mins. In this sense, SSE-driven AgNPs acted as an electron relay point that behaves alternatively as acceptor and donor of electrons. The findings revealed the good catalytic performance of SSE-driven AgNPS, proving their viability for dye wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norain Isa
- Centre for Chemical Engineering Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Syazwan Osman
- Centre for Chemical Engineering Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Haslinda Abdul Hamid
- Department of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Vicinisvarri Inderan
- Centre for Chemical Engineering Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Zainovia Lockman
- Green Electronics NanoMaterials Group (GEMs), School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
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