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Leskey TC, Carnio V, Nixon LJ. Chemically mediated trophic interactions of invasive herbivorous insects and their applications for monitoring and management. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2025; 69:101364. [PMID: 40081800 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2025.101364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2025] [Accepted: 03/07/2025] [Indexed: 03/16/2025]
Abstract
Introduction of invasive herbivorous insects has significantly disrupted agricultural and forest ecosystems. Sources of stimuli used for monitoring and biosurveillance tools or as the basis for management strategies involve chemically mediated interactions between the insect and key primary producers (plants) or secondary consumers (predators and parasites). While successful application of chemicals identified from these interactions has emerged for some species with a few multitrophic interactions identified, other systems remain challenging, particularly when native species share similar chemically mediated cues. Applied molecular technologies such as environmental DNA or gut content analyses can be used to gain further insight into multitrophic interactions, which could potentially lead to improved chemical mediation tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy C Leskey
- USDA-ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430, USA.
| | - Veronica Carnio
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Laura J Nixon
- Rutgers University, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA
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Liu J, Tallat M, Wang G, Li G, Zhang H, Wu X, Qiao H, Zhao X, Feng H. The Utility of Visual and Olfactory Maize Leaf Cues in Host Finding by Adult Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:3300. [PMID: 39683094 DOI: 10.3390/plants13233300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2024] [Revised: 11/08/2024] [Accepted: 11/22/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024]
Abstract
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (FAW), is an invasive and destructive polyphagous pest that poses a significant threat to global agricultural production. The FAW mainly damages maize, with a particular preference for V3-V5 (third to fifth leaf collar) plant stages in northern China. How the FAW moth precisely locates maize plants in the V3-V5 stage at night remains unclear. The aims of this study were to evaluate the visual and olfactory cues used by the FAW to identify its host plant, maize, in order to select attractants with better trapping efficacy. Hyperspectral analysis of maize plants at different growth stages using the ASD Fieldspec 4 spectrometer was performed using mimics (moths or maize leaves sealed with transparent plastic sheets) and black cloth-covered plants for single visual and single olfactory attraction experiments. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze volatiles emitted from V3-V5 stage maize leaves. Volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) were screened using electroantennography (EAG) and Y-tube. Attractor efficacy was validated using mimics + VOCs. Results showed very little variance in the spectral reflectance curve of the maize at different growth stages. Fifteen VOCs were identified in the V3-V5 stage leaves of three different maize varieties, of which cis-3-hexenyl acetate and myrcene were found in relatively high concentrations in these maize varieties. The frequency of visits attracted by single visual stimuli was significantly lower than that attracted by single olfactory or olfactory + visual cues. The attractiveness of foliar cis-3-hexenyl acetate increased as its concentration decreased. The combination of mimics + cis-3-hexenyl acetate (1 ng/μL) increased host detection efficiency and stimulated mating behavior. These results indicate that the nocturnal insect FAW primarily uses olfactory cues for host identification, with visual cues serving as a complementary modality. The synergistic effect of olfactory and visual cues increases the efficiency of host recognition. We found that cis-3-hexenol acetate at a concentration from maize leaves is a reliable olfactory signal for the FAW. When using host plant VOCs as attractants to control adult FAWs, the role of visual cues must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Agricultural Pest Monitoring and Control, IPM Key Laboratory in Southern Part of North China for Ministry of Agriculture, International Joint Research Laboratory for Crop Protection of Henan, No. 0 Entomological Radar Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Henan Province, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Mariam Tallat
- Henan Key Laboratory of Agricultural Pest Monitoring and Control, IPM Key Laboratory in Southern Part of North China for Ministry of Agriculture, International Joint Research Laboratory for Crop Protection of Henan, No. 0 Entomological Radar Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Henan Province, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Gensong Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Agricultural Pest Monitoring and Control, IPM Key Laboratory in Southern Part of North China for Ministry of Agriculture, International Joint Research Laboratory for Crop Protection of Henan, No. 0 Entomological Radar Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Henan Province, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Guoping Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Agricultural Pest Monitoring and Control, IPM Key Laboratory in Southern Part of North China for Ministry of Agriculture, International Joint Research Laboratory for Crop Protection of Henan, No. 0 Entomological Radar Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Henan Province, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Haowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xujin Wu
- Institute of Quality and Safety for Agro-Products, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Hongbo Qiao
- College of Information and Management Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xincheng Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Hongqiang Feng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Agricultural Pest Monitoring and Control, IPM Key Laboratory in Southern Part of North China for Ministry of Agriculture, International Joint Research Laboratory for Crop Protection of Henan, No. 0 Entomological Radar Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Henan Province, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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Scaccini D, Mirandola E, Sirapu S, Simoni F, Fornasiero D, Duso C, Pozzebon A. Wettable sulphur application for Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) management: laboratory and semi-field experiments. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:3620-3627. [PMID: 38456594 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a significant threat to crop production. Alternatives to synthetic pesticides are needed for its management. Here we investigated the effect of sulphur on H. halys. Experiments were performed to evaluate both mortality and deterrence/repellence of H. halys following sulphur treatments in laboratory and semi-field conditions. RESULTS Brown marmorated stink bug mortality was not influenced by sulphur applications. However, in two-choice experiments in insect cages and olfactometer, more H. halys adults moved toward the untreated control rather than the sulphur-treated food sources, with a high effect as the concentration increased. A semi-field experiment using potted apple plants confirmed the results observed in the laboratory, showing a deterrent and/or repellent effect of sulphur-based products on H. halys. CONCLUSIONS Sulphur applications were associated with a deterrent/repellent effect on the brown marmorated stink bug. The use of sulphur-based products could represent a promising tool for Integrated Pest Management strategies against H. halys in fruit crops. © 2024 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Scaccini
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals, Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Enrico Mirandola
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals, Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Suresh Sirapu
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals, Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Filippo Simoni
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals, Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Diego Fornasiero
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals, Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Carlo Duso
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals, Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Alberto Pozzebon
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals, Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Park YL, Choi K, Cullum J, Hoelmer KA, Weber DC, Morrison WR, Rice KB, Krawczyk G, Fleischer SJ, Hamilton G, Ludwick D, Nielsen AL, Kaser J, Polk D, Shrewsbury PM, Bergh JC, Kuhar TP, Leskey TC. Landscape-scale spatiotemporal dynamics of Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) populations: implications for spatially-based pest management. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:953-966. [PMID: 37743350 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys (Stål), is an invasive and severe pest of specialty and row crops. A 2-year field study conducted in four Mid-Atlantic states in the USA characterized the spatial and temporal dynamics of BMSB populations and its association with landscape elements in commercial agriculture settings. In each state, two 1 km2 sites included typical landscape elements (i.e., tree fruit orchards, annual field and vegetable crops, woodlands, and human-made structures). Twenty-seven georeferenced pheromone traps were deployed per site and the number of BMSB adults and nymphs captured was counted throughout the growing season. RESULTS Findings from spatial analysis by distance indices, along with time-series maps of BMSB distribution, showed that BMSB exhibited significant spatial aggregation, and that its distribution was spatially consistent between years. Analyses with geographic information systems (GIS) revealed that BMSB 'hot spots' occurred in different landscape elements throughout each season. Most patches (i.e., clusters of significantly higher trap captures) were found near woodlands early in the season, near tree fruit orchards in summer, and on the border of annual field crops in autumn. Buffer analysis with GIS indicated that more BMSB adults were captured closer to woodlands compared with other landscape elements. CONCLUSION Understanding the spatial and temporal movement and distribution of BMSB is critical to predicting their potential impact and ultimately devising strategies to mitigate this risk to vulnerable crops. The results of this study can be used to design streamlined, spatially-based areawide management of BMSB in heterogeneous and complex agricultural landscapes. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Lak Park
- Entomology Program, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Kyungsan Choi
- Entomology Program, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | | | | | - William R Morrison
- USDA-ARS, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Kevin B Rice
- Virginia Tech, Alson H. Smith, Jr. Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Winchester, VA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Dalton Ludwick
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension Center, Corpus Christi, TX, USA
| | - Anne L Nielsen
- Rutgers Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Rutgers University, Bridgeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Dean Polk
- Rutgers Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Rutgers University, Bridgeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - J Christopher Bergh
- Virginia Tech, Alson H. Smith, Jr. Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Winchester, VA, USA
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Stahl JM, Daane KM. Reproductive biology of overwintering leaffooted bug Leptoglossus zonatus (Hemiptera: Coreidae) in California. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 116:1261-1267. [PMID: 37229556 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Coreidae) is a polyphagous insect pest attacking a wide variety of crops. In California's Central Valley, it is now the dominant leaffooted bug on almonds, pistachios, and pomegranates. Leptoglossus zonatus pest status depends largely on overwintering adult survival and reproductive potential, which determines its population size in spring and early summer when nut crops are particularly susceptible to bug damage. Here, we investigated the overwintering reproductive biology of L. zonatus in laboratory and field experiments to gain information about its ovary development, time of mating, and the impact of low temperatures on egg hatch. With dissections of laboratory-reared L. zonatus, we established a baseline for ovarian development and determined that the size of the spermathecal reservoir is larger in mated than in unmated females. Dissections and behavioral experiments of field-collected material provided evidence of mating events before dispersal from overwintering sites. Laboratory trials showed that temperature significantly impacted L. zonatus egg hatch. Leptoglossus zonatus reproductive biology presented provides valuable information on its population dynamics and dispersal from overwintering sites, and will contribute to the development of monitoring and management tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith M Stahl
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3114, USA
| | - Kent M Daane
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3114, USA
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Koutsogeorgiou EI, Kouloussis NA, Sarrou E, Andreadis SS. Headspace determination of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by host plants of the brown marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys. ANAL LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2023.2188219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni I. Koutsogeorgiou
- Laboratory of Applied Zoology and Parasitology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DEMETER”, Thermi, Greece
| | - Nikos A. Kouloussis
- Laboratory of Applied Zoology and Parasitology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eirini Sarrou
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DEMETER”, Thermi, Greece
| | - Stefanos S. Andreadis
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DEMETER”, Thermi, Greece
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Characterizations of botanical attractant of Halyomorpha halys and selection of relevant deorphanization candidates via computational approach. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4170. [PMID: 35264639 PMCID: PMC8907264 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07840-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Halyomorpha halys has been recognized as a global cross-border pest species. Along with well-established pheromone trapping approaches, there have been many attempts to utilize botanical odorant baits for field monitoring. Due to sensitivity, ecological friendliness, and cost-effectiveness for large-scale implementation, the selection of botanical volatiles as luring ingredients and/or synergists for H. halys is needed. In the current work, botanical volatiles were tested by olfactometer and electrophysiological tests. Results showed that linalool oxide was a potential candidate for application as a behavioral modifying chemical. It drove remarkable attractiveness toward H. halys adults in Y-tube assays, as well as eliciting robust electroantennographic responsiveness towards antennae. A computational pipeline was carried out to screen olfactory proteins related to the reception of linalool oxide. Simulated docking activities of four H. halys odorant receptors and two odorant binding proteins to linalool oxide and nerolidol were performed. Results showed that all tested olfactory genes were likely to be involved in plant volatile-sensing pathways, and they tuned broadly to tested components. The current work provides insights into the later development of field demonstration strategies using linalool oxide and its molecular targets.
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Stahl JM, Scaccini D, Daane KM. Field Survival of the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on California Tree Crops. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 50:1187-1193. [PMID: 34175919 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvab055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is a polyphagous insect pest that has invaded much of the United States, including California. Despite model predictions that regions in California like the agriculturally important Central Valley are suitable, H. halys populations and the occurring crop damage are distinctly lower than in regions of the East Coast. To evaluate if this is due to low nymphal survival in the high temperature and intensive monoculture environment, H. halys nymphs were caged on four common Central Valley tree crops: almond, pistachio, peach, and grape, and compared to the well-established almond and pistachio pest Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Coreidae). Nymphal development showed that peach, almond, and pistachio can sustain H. halys as single host plants until adult eclosion, whereas grapes cannot. The addition of fruiting structures of almond, pistachio, and grape to H. halys caged on peach trees (= mixed diet) did not increase nymphal survival but did increase adult female size. Leptoglossus zonatus survival was higher than H. halys on pistachio, but not on the other crops. Overall, H. halys nymphal mortality in the field was high, with 92% in the mixed diet compared to 73% in the mixed diet control in the laboratory, indicating abiotic population pressures. Our results confirm peach as a good H. halys host plant and suggest that almond has a similar suitability, and while pistachios can support H. halys nymphal development, they seem less likely to facilitate population growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith M Stahl
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, & Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Davide Scaccini
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Kent M Daane
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, & Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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