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Di Napoli A, Ventura M, Spadea T, Giorgi Rossi P, Bartolini L, Battisti L, Cacciani L, Caranci N, Cernigliaro A, De Giorgi M, Fanolla A, Lazzeretti M, Mininni M, Mirisola C, Petrelli A. Barriers to Accessing Primary Care and Appropriateness of Healthcare Among Immigrants in Italy. Front Public Health 2022; 10:817696. [PMID: 35223739 PMCID: PMC8864157 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.817696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The health status and health care needs of immigrant populations must be assessed. The aim of this study was to evaluate barriers to accessing primary care and the appropriateness of health care among resident immigrants in Italy, using indicators regarding maternal health, avoidable hospitalization, and emergency care. METHODS Cross-sectional study using some indicators of the National Monitoring System of Health Status and Healthcare of the Immigrant Population (MSHIP), coordinated by the National Institute for Health, Migration and Poverty (INMP), calculated on perinatal care, hospital discharge, and emergency department databases for the years 2016-2017 in nine Italian regions (Piedmont, Trento, Bolzano, Emilia-Romagna, Tuscany, Umbria, Latium, Basilicata, Sicily). The analyses were conducted comparing immigrant and Italian residents. RESULTS Compared to Italian women, immigrant women had fewer than five gynecological examinations (8.5 vs. 16.3%), fewer first examinations after the 12th week of gestational age (3.8 vs. 12.5%), and fewer than two ultrasounds (1.0 vs. 3.8%). Compared to Italians, immigrants had higher standardized rates (× 1,000 residents) of avoidable hospitalizations (males: 2.1 vs. 1.4; females: 0.9 vs. 0.7) and of access to emergency departments for non-urgent conditions (males: 62.0 vs. 32.7; females: 52.9 vs. 31.4). CONCLUSIONS In Italy, there appear to be major issues regarding accessing services and care for the immigrant population. Policies aimed at improving socioeconomic conditions and promoting integration can promote healthy lifestyles and appropriate access to health care, counteracting the emergence of health inequities in the immigrant population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anteo Di Napoli
- National Institute for Health, Migration and Poverty (INMP), Roma, Italy
| | - Martina Ventura
- National Institute for Health, Migration and Poverty (INMP), Roma, Italy
| | - Teresa Spadea
- Epidemiology Unit, Local Health Unit TO3 Piedmont Region, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Paolo Giorgi Rossi
- Epidemiology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Letizia Bartolini
- Epidemiology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Laura Battisti
- Epidemiological Observatory, Public Health Department - Local Health Unit, Trento, Italy
| | - Laura Cacciani
- Department of Epidemiology of the Lazio Regional Health Service, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Achille Cernigliaro
- Health Authority Sicily Region and Local Authority Trapani Province, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marcello De Giorgi
- Umbria Digitale - Health Information and Communication Technology Service, Regional Health Authority of Umbria, Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio Fanolla
- Provincial Government South Tyrol, Observatory for Health, Bolzano, Italy
| | | | | | - Concetta Mirisola
- National Institute for Health, Migration and Poverty (INMP), Roma, Italy
| | - Alessio Petrelli
- National Institute for Health, Migration and Poverty (INMP), Roma, Italy
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The Use of Information and Communication Technology Among Older Immigrants in Need of Home Care: a Systematic Literature Review. AGEING INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12126-021-09417-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBetter home care and home care technologies are no longer requested solely by nonimmigrant older adults but also by members of the fast-growing older adult immigrant population. However, limited attention has been given to this issue, or to the use of technology in meeting the needs of aging populations. The objective of this review is to map existing knowledge of older adult immigrants' use of information and communication technologies for home care service published in scientific literature from 2014 to 2020. Twelve studies met the established eligibility criteria in a systematic literature search. The results showed older adult immigrants faced similar barriers, which were independent of their ethnic backgrounds but related to their backgrounds as immigrants including lower socioeconomic status, low language proficiency, and comparatively lower levels of social inclusion. Technology use could be facilitated if older adult immigrants received culturally-tailored products and support from family members and from society. The results imply that the included studies do not address or integrate cultural preferences in the development of information and communication technology for home care services. Caregivers might provide an opportunity to bridge gaps between older immigrants' cultural preferences and technology design. This specific research field would also benefit from greater interest in the development of novel methodologies.
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Nielsen DS, Hansen RF, Beck SH, Wensien J, Masud T, Ryg J. Older patients' perspectives and experience of hospitalisation during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative explorative study. Int J Older People Nurs 2021; 16:e12362. [PMID: 33389798 PMCID: PMC7883232 DOI: 10.1111/opn.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives The aim of this study was to gain in‐depth knowledge and an increased understanding on how isolation from close relatives and carers, during the COVID‐19 pandemic, impacted older patients during hospitalisation in a Geriatric department. Method We conducted a qualitative study using semi‐structured interviews and a phenomenological‐hermeneutic approach, to get an understanding of the older participants' perspectives and lived experiences. Complete interviews were available for 11 patients—six men and five women, between 69 and 91 years of age. Results The participants' narratives identified several themes. Feeling isolated from and having no contact with close relatives or carers was prominent. The COVID‐19 pandemic created fear and anxiety among hospitalized patients. Relationships with family members and some staff became strained. The transformation from being “a person” to being “a patient” and loss of dignity, autonomy and a “sense of self” were themes identified in the analysis. Although virtual contact can't replace the real world, the use of technology to maintain contact with family and carers, and the need for help from hospital staff in facilitating this contact was deemed important. The environment of care was a prominent theme. The attitude of staff made a difference to how patients felt and some patients expressed a loss of decision‐making capability. The interviews were challenging in some cases because the interviews had to be interrupted or shortened due to ethical considerations around the individual person's needs and condition. Conclusions and implication for practice Our study provided in‐depth knowledge on how older patients experienced hospitalisation during the COVID‐19 pandemic in a Danish hospital. The results emphasise that compassionate care includes a willingness to listen to older patients' narratives and to imagine life as depicted by them. This can lead to better understanding of an individual person's needs and increase the quality of care provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorthe Susanne Nielsen
- Migrant Health Clinic, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Sanne Have Beck
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jette Wensien
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tahir Masud
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jesper Ryg
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Trappolini E, Marino C, Agabiti N, Giudici C, Davoli M, Cacciani L. Disparities in emergency department use between Italians and migrants residing in Rome, Italy: the Rome Dynamic Longitudinal Study from 2005 to 2015. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1548. [PMID: 33059671 PMCID: PMC7559990 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09280-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Emergency Department (ED) can be considered an indicator of accessibility and quality and can be influenced in period of economic downturns. In the last fifteen years, the number of migrants in Italy has doubled (from 2.4 million in 2005 to 5.2 in 2019, 4.1 and 8.7% of the total population, respectively). However, evidence about migrants’ healthcare use is poor, and no studies focused on the ED utilisation rate during the Great Recession are available. This study aims to analyse trends in all-cause and cause-specific ED utilisation among migrants and Italians residing in Rome, Italy, before and after 2008. Methods Longitudinal study based on data from the Municipal Register of Rome linked to the Emergency Department Register from 2005 to 2015. We analysed 2,184,467 individuals, aged 25–64 in each year. We applied a Hurdle model to estimate the propensity to use the ED and to model how often individuals accessed the ED. Results Migrants were less likely to be ED users than Italians, except for Africans (RR = 1.46, 95%CI 1.40–1.52) and Latin Americans (RR = 1.04, 95%CI 1.00–1.08) who had higher all-cause utilisation rates than non-migrants. Compared to the pre-2008 period, in the post-2008 we found an increase in the likelihood of being an ED user (OR = 1.34, 95%CI 1.34–1.35), and a decrease in ED utilisation rates (RR = 0.96, 95%CI 0.96–0.97) for the whole population, with differences among migrant subgroups, regardless of cause. Conclusions This study shows differences in the ED utilisation between migrants and Italians, and within the migrant population, during the Great Recession. The findings may reflect differentials in the health status, and barriers to access primary and secondary care among migrants. In this regard, health policies and cuts in health spending measures may have played a key role, and interventions to tackle health and access disparities should include policy measures addressing the underlying factors, adopting a Health in All Policies perspective. Further researches focusing on specific groups of migrants, and on the causes and diagnoses related to the ED utilisation, may help to explain the differences observed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Marino
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy
| | - Nera Agabiti
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marina Davoli
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Cacciani
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy.
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Leveau E. [Providing nursing care for migrants: feedback from experience in Greece]. SOINS; LA REVUE DE REFERENCE INFIRMIERE 2020; 65:34-36. [PMID: 32563505 DOI: 10.1016/s0038-0814(20)30051-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
During the 2015 migration crisis in Europe, medical NGOs played a key role in caring for migrant people. Nursing practice during humanitarian crises is characterized by many challenges. Shared experience of a primary care nurse with migrants in Greece.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Leveau
- Infirmier en pratique avancée diplômé d'État, spécialisé en pathologies chroniques stabilisées et prévention des polypathologies en soins primaires, certificat de médecine tropicale, diplôme universitaire de soins infirmiers en médecine d'urgence , 65 rue Camille-Desmoulins, 92442 Issy-les-Moulineaux cedex, France.
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Henares-Montiel J, Ruiz-Perez I, Mendoza-Garcia O. Health inequalities between male and female immigrants in Spain after the beginning of the economic crisis. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2018; 26:891-897. [PMID: 30014605 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse health inequalities in the immigrant population in Spain in 2014, while differentiating between immigrant and native-born men and women. We have designed a cross-sectional study on the population aged over 15 years resident in Spain and the data were obtained from the 2014 European Health Survey in Spain (n = 22,842). Among immigrant men and women, we observed a lower risk of having a Chronic Physical Problem (CPP) or a Mental Health Problem (MHP) and a lower consumption of psychiatric drugs. We also observed a higher risk of lack of medical care in immigrant men compared to native-born. The country of origin was not significantly related to self-perception of health or use of Primary Care (PC) and Emergency Care services. In conclusion, we observed that now that the peak of the crisis has passed it seems that the "healthy immigrant" effect is being recovered, although the gender inequalities observed in the general population are transferred to the immigrant population. We need to approach the feminisation of migration from a new perspective and understand how inequalities affect immigrant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Henares-Montiel
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
- UGC Interniveles Prevención Promoción y Vigilancia de la Salud, Granada, Spain
| | - Isabel Ruiz-Perez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), Granada, Spain
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Sarría-Santamera A, Hijas-Gómez AI, Carmona R, Gimeno-Feliú LA. A systematic review of the use of health services by immigrants and native populations. Public Health Rev 2016; 37:28. [PMID: 29450069 PMCID: PMC5810113 DOI: 10.1186/s40985-016-0042-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Changes in migration patterns that have occurred in recent decades, both quantitative, with an increase in the number of immigrants, and qualitative, due to different causes of migration (work, family reunification, asylum seekers and refugees) require constant u pdating of the analysis of how immigrants access health services. Understanding of the existence of changes in use patterns is necessary to adapt health services to the new socio-demographic reality. The aim of this study is to describe the scientific evidence that assess the differences in the use of health services between immigrant and native populations. Methods A systematic review of the electronic database MEDLINE (PubMed) was conducted with a search of studies published between June 2013 and February 2016 that addressed the use of health services and compared immigrants with native populations. MeSH terms and key words comprised Health Services Needs and Demands/Accessibility/Disparities/Emigrants and Immigrants/Native/Ethnic Groups. The electronic search was supplemented by a manual search of grey literature. The following information was extracted from each publication: context of the study (place and year), characteristics of the included population (definition of immigrants and their sub-groups), methodological domains (design of the study, source of information, statistical analysis, variables of health care use assessed, measures of need, socio-economic indicators) and main results. Results Thirty-six publications were included, 28 from Europe and 8 from other countries. Twenty-four papers analysed the use of primary care, 17 the use of specialist services (including hospitalizations or emergency care), 18 considered several levels of care and 11 assessed mental health services. The characteristics of immigrants included country of origin, legal status, reasons for migration, length of stay, different generations and socio-demographic variables and need. In general, use of health services by the immigrants was less than or equal to the native population, although some differences between immigrants were also identified. Conclusions This review has identified that immigrants show a general tendency towards a lower use of health services than native populations and that there are significant differences within immigrant sub-groups in terms of their patterns of utilization. Further studies should include information categorizing and evaluating the diversity within the immigrant population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Sarría-Santamera
- Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud y Enfermedades Crónicas, Madrid, Spain.,2National School of Public Health, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IMIENS, UNED, Madrid, Spain.,4Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Hijas-Gómez
- University Hospital Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Spain.,6Agency for Health Technology Assessment, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Carmona
- 2National School of Public Health, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IMIENS, UNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luís Andrés Gimeno-Feliú
- Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud y Enfermedades Crónicas, Madrid, Spain.,7EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain.,San Pablo Health Centre, Aragonese Health Service, Zaragoza, Spain.,9Department of Medicine, Psychiatry and Dermatology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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