Interventions to Increase Cancer Screening Adherence Among Somali Immigrants in the US and Europe: A Systematic Review

Barriers, facilitators, needs, and preferences in seeking information regarding cervical cancer prevention programs among Turkish, Moroccan, and Syrian immigrant women: a scoping review

BACKGROUND

Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Immigrant women are often disproportionately affected by CC but show low participation in CC screening and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination.

METHODS

We conducted a scoping review on immigrant women's information needs regarding CC screening participation and HPV vaccination uptake. A total of 584 articles were found on Embase.com, PsychINFO, and CINAHL, of which 87 articles were included.

RESULTS

This review revealed that immigrant women indicate a need for more personalized information regarding CC screening and HPV vaccination. We identified barriers to obtaining, processing, and understanding the information, which included overall practical, emotional, cultural and religious aspects (e.g., shame, taboo, lack of trust, fatalism, and cultural norms and values regarding sexual activity). Facilitators, such as translation services, receiving information from people with similar cultural and/or religious backgrounds, encouraging other women or family, and using home visits as an outreach strategy, were also identified.

CONCLUSIONS

Our review provides a comprehensive overview of the information needs and preferences of immigrant women, which could be used to tailor interventions, considering the contextual nuances in which these women are situated. The needs and preferences of immigrant women should be taken into account during the development of new information materials or other interventions. This would help immigrant women make informed decisions regarding participation in CC screening and HPV vaccination.

Bridging the Gap: Interventions to Increase Cancer Screening Adherence in Individuals with Mental Disorders-A Systematic Review

Patients with mental illnesses adhere to organized cancer screening programs less frequently than the general population. This systematic review aims to examine the literature to identify studies that evaluate interventions designed to increase cancer screening adherence in people with mental disorders. The review protocol was registered (CRD42024510431) and Pubmed and Scopus were searched up to January 2024. Breast, colorectal, or cervical cancer screening were considered. We adhered to the PROSPERO guidelines. Study quality was assessed. Overall, six articles were included: two RCT studies, two before-after studies, and two cohort studies. Four interventions were conducted in the USA, one in Canada, and one in Japan. Two studies evaluated all three cancer screening programs, two studies evaluated breast cancer screenings, and two studies evaluated colorectal cancer screenings. The proposed interventions included patient navigation, case management, and support from staff members along with educational modules, decision counselling sessions, and enhanced primary care. The most consistent improvements in screening adherence were observed in breast and colorectal cancer screenings compared to usual care, particularly through interventions like patient navigation (colorectal cancer: 47.1% vs. 11.8%, p < 0.001) and case management. Further evaluations of interventions and their costs are still needed.

CONTEXTUAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CERVICAL CANCER

OBJECTIVE

The aim: The aim of the study is to determine the risk factors associated with cervical cancer.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Materials and methods: 195 participants took part in the study, including 100 cases and 95 healthy people; participation was voluntary. The association of risk factors with cervical cancer was tested using the chi-square test and odds ratio. The use of these methods has been agreed with the ethics commission of the Poltava State Medical University and meets the requirements of the Declaration of Helsinki.

RESULTS

Results: Women who live in the village were 64.6% less likely to get sick than those who live in the city, those who assessed their financial situation as unsat-isfactory 2.1 times more often have a chance of CC. Childless women are 2.4 times more likely to get sick than those who have children.

CONCLUSION

Conclusions: Various groups of contextual risk factors for cervical cancer have been established. The main ones are behavioral factors related to the diet and diet; socio-economic factors and medical factors. It was also established that the place of residence of women influences the probability of the occurrence of RSM.