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Zhou L, Wang R, Ren H, Wang P, Cao Y. Detection of Polonium-210 in Environmental, Biological and Food Samples: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:6268. [PMID: 37687097 PMCID: PMC10488615 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ingestion of polonium-210 from environmental media and food can cause serious health hazards (e.g., gastrointestinal symptoms, tumours, etc.) and has been a public health concern worldwide since the 2006 poisoning of Agent Litvinenko 210Po in Russia. With the development of uranium mining and applications of nuclear technology in recent decades, the radioactive hazards posed by 210Po to living organisms and the environment have become increasingly prominent. In order to strengthen the monitoring of environmental 210Po and protect both the environment and human health, a series of explorations on the methods of 210Po determination have been ongoing by researchers across the globe. However, previous reviews have focused on individual sample types and have not provided a comprehensive account of environmental, food, and biological samples that are closely related to human health. In this work, the sources, health hazards, chemical purification, and detection methods of trace 210Po in different sample types are systematically reviewed. In particular, the advantages and disadvantages of various pretreatment methods are compared, and relevant domestic and international standards are integrated, which puts forward a new direction for the subsequent establishment of rapid, simple, and efficient measurement methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Radiation Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China; (L.Z.); (R.W.); (H.R.); (P.W.)
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Radiation Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China; (L.Z.); (R.W.); (H.R.); (P.W.)
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Department of Occupational Health and Radiation Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China; (L.Z.); (R.W.); (H.R.); (P.W.)
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Radiation Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China; (L.Z.); (R.W.); (H.R.); (P.W.)
| | - Yiyao Cao
- Department of Occupational Health and Radiation Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China; (L.Z.); (R.W.); (H.R.); (P.W.)
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Separation of select metal isotopes from a mixed activation and fission product sample. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08500-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Arnold E, Uhnak N, Schroeder J, Metz L, Beck C. The impact of silver on uranium quantification by kinetic phosphorescence analysis. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08574-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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4
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Alpha/beta-gated gamma–gamma spectroscopy of mixed fission products for trace analysis. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08606-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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5
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Herman S, Arrigo LM, Arnold E, Haney MM, Irwin L, Lawler B, Metz L, Seiner B, Beck C. Evaluation of AG1-x8 to separate radionuclides in an irradiated sample. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08601-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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Separation of Lanthanide Isotopes from Mixed Fission Product Samples. SEPARATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/separations8070104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The measurement of radioactive fission products from nuclear events has important implications for nuclear data production, environmental monitoring, and nuclear forensics. In a previous paper, the authors reported the optimization of an intra-group lanthanide separation using LN extraction resin from Eichrom Technologies®, Inc. and a nitric acid gradient. In this work, the method was demonstrated for the separation and quantification of multiple short-lived fission product lanthanide isotopes from a fission product sample produced from the thermal irradiation of highly enriched uranium. The separations were performed in parallel in quadruplicate with reproducible results and high decontamination factors for 153Sm, 156Eu, and 161Tb. Based on the results obtained here, the fission yields for 144Ce, 153Sm, 156Eu, and 161Tb are consistent with published fission yields. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of the separations for the intended application of short-lived lanthanide fission product analysis requiring high decontamination factors.
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Radiochemical separations and experimental measurements of short-lived fission products from 14 MeV irradiation of depleted uranium. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-018-6115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Activation product analysis in a mixed sample containing both fission and neutron activation products. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-017-5563-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Extraction chromatographic separations of tantalum and tungsten from hafnium and complex matrix constituents. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1484:1-6. [PMID: 28087056 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Tantalum (Ta), hafnium (Hf), and tungsten (W) analyses from complex matrices require high purification of these analytes from each other and major/trace matrix constituents, however, current state-of-the-art Ta/Hf/W separations rely on traditional anion exchange approaches that show relatively similar distribution coefficient (Kd) values for each element. This work reports an assessment of three commercially available extraction chromatographic resins (TEVA, TRU, and UTEVA) for Ta/Hf/W separations. Batch contact studies show differences in Ta/Hf and Ta/W Kd values of up to 106 and 104 (respectively), representing an improvement of a factor of 100 and 300 in Ta/Hf and Ta/W Kd values (respectively) over AG1×4 resin. Variations in the Kd values as a function of HCl concentration for TRU resin show that this resin is well suited for Ta/Hf/W separations, with Ta/Hf, Ta/W, and W/Hf Kd value improvements of 10, 200, and 30 (respectively) over AG1×4 resin. Analyses of digested soil samples (NIST 2710a) using TRU resin and tandem TEVA-TRU columns demonstrate the ability to achieve extremely high purification (>99%) of Ta and W from each other and Hf, as well as enabling very high purification of Ta and W from the major and trace elemental constituents present in soils using a single chromatographic step.
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Swearingen KJ, Wall NA. Batch Comparisons of Sr and Ba Retention and Capacities on AnaLig® Sr-01 and Eichrom Sr Resins. SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/07366299.2016.1187528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathalie A. Wall
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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Seiner BN, King AR, Finn E, Greenwood LR, Metz LA, Friese J, Marsden O, Davies AV, Scivier P. Fission product analysis of HEU irradiated within a boron carbide capsule: comparison of detection methodology at PNNL and AWE. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-015-4395-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Automated separation of short-lived 72Ga from fresh fission products based on tandem column chromatography. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-015-4619-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Morrison SS, Seiner BN, Eggemeyer TA, Haney MM, Corey Hines C, King MD, Metz LA, Morley SM, Uhnak NE, Wall DE, Zhang Z, Clark SB. A chemical separation procedure using ionic liquid extraction for 59Fe and 55Fe quantification. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-015-4403-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Integrated separation scheme for measuring a suite of fission and activation products from a fresh mixed fission and activation product sample. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3826-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Seiner BN, Morley SM, Beacham TA, Haney MM, Gregory S, Metz L. Effects of digestion, chemical separation, and deposition on Po-210 quantitative analysis. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3255-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Metz LA, Friese JI, Finn EC, Greenwood LR, Kephart RF, Hines CC, King MD, Henry KM, Wall DE. Fission yield measurements from highly enriched uranium irradiated inside a boron carbide capsule. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-012-2089-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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