Performance of biopolymer/graphene oxide gels for the effective adsorption of U(VI) from aqueous solution

Graphene-based materials for the adsorptive removal of uranium in aqueous solutions

Ground water contamination by radioactive elements has become a critical issue that can pose significant threats to human health. Adsorption is the most promising approach for the removal of radioactive elements owing to its simplicity, effectiveness, and easy operation. Among the plethora of functional adsorbents, graphene oxide and its derivatives are recognized for their excellent potential as adsorbent with the unique 2D structure, high surface area, and intercalated functional groups. To learn more about their practical applicability, the procedures involved in their preparation and functionalization are described with the microscopic removal mechanism by GO functionalities across varying solution pH. The performance of these adsorbents is assessed further in terms of the basic performance metrics such as partition coefficient. Overall, this article is expected to provide valuable insights into the current status of graphene-based adsorbents developed for uranium removal with a guidance for the future directions in this research field.

Bio-nanocomposites of graphene with biopolymers; fabrication, properties, and applications

The unique properties of graphene and graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites make them suitable for a wide range of medical, industrial, and agricultural applications. The addition of graphene or GO to a polymeric matrix can ameliorate its thermo-mechanical, electrical, and barrier characteristics. The present paper reviews the literature on graphene/GO-based bio-nanocomposites and examines the various fabrication methods, such as chemical vapor deposition, chemical synthesis, microwave synthesis, the solvothermal method, molecular beam epitaxy, and colloidal suspension. Each procedure potentially has its disadvantages, especially for mass production. Therefore, introducing an effective method for fabricating graphene on a large scale with high quality is essential. Recent studies have shown that graphene-based bio-nanocomposites are promising materials given their excellent performance in the development of biosensors, drug delivery systems, antimicrobials, modified electrodes, and energy storage systems among other applications. In this review, we evaluate the various procedures used for developing graphene/GO-based bio-nanocomposites and examine the features and applications of the related products. Furthermore, the toxicity of these compounds and attempts to uncover the optimal combinations of biopolymers and carbon nanomaterials for industrial applications will be discussed.