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Xu S, Xi J, Wu T, Wang Z. The Role of Adipocyte Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Obese Adipose Tissue Dysfunction: A Review. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:4405-4418. [PMID: 37789878 PMCID: PMC10543758 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s428482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue dysfunction plays an important role in metabolic diseases associated with chronic inflammation, insulin resistance and lipid ectopic deposition in obese patients. In recent years, it has been found that under the stimulation of adipocyte endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), the over-activated ER unfolded protein response (UPR) exacerbates the inflammatory response of adipose tissue by interfering with the normal metabolism of adipose tissue, promotes the secretion of adipokines, and affects the browning and thermogenic pathways of adipose tissue, ultimately leading to the manifestation of metabolic syndrome such as ectopic lipid deposition and disorders of glucolipid metabolism in obese patients. This paper mainly summarizes the relationship between adipocyte ERS and obese adipose tissue dysfunction and provides an overview of the mechanisms by which ERS induces metabolic disorders such as catabolism, thermogenesis and inflammation in obese adipose tissue through the regulation of molecules and pathways such as NF-κB, ADPN, STAMP2, LPIN1, TRIP-Br2, NF-Y and SIRT2 and briefly describes the current mechanisms targeting adipocyte endoplasmic reticulum stress to improve obesity and provide ideas for intervention and treatment of obese adipose tissue dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Xu
- The First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaqiu Xi
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Wu
- The First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhonglin Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, People’s Republic of China
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2
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He S, Yu X, Cui D, Liu Y, Yang S, Zhang H, Hu W, Su Z. Nuclear factor-Y mediates pancreatic β-cell compensation by repressing reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis under metabolic stress. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:922-932. [PMID: 37000974 PMCID: PMC10278746 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic β-cells elevate insulin production and secretion through a compensatory mechanism to override insulin resistance under metabolic stress conditions. Deficits in β-cell compensatory capacity result in hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the mechanism in the regulation of β-cell compensative capacity remains elusive. Nuclear factor-Y (NF-Y) is critical for pancreatic islets' homeostasis under physiological conditions, but its role in β-cell compensatory response to insulin resistance in obesity is unclear. METHODS In this study, using obese ( ob/ob ) mice with an absence of NF-Y subunit A (NF-YA) in β-cells ( ob , Nf-ya βKO) as well as rat insulinoma cell line (INS1)-based models, we determined whether NF-Y-mediated apoptosis makes an essential contribution to β-cell compensation upon metabolic stress. RESULTS Obese animals had markedly augmented NF-Y expression in pancreatic islets. Deletion of β-cell Nf-ya in obese mice worsened glucose intolerance and resulted in β-cell dysfunction, which was attributable to augmented β-cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, primary pancreatic islets from Nf-ya βKO mice were sensitive to palmitate-induced β-cell apoptosis due to mitochondrial impairment and the attenuated antioxidant response, which resulted in the aggravation of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and cleaved caspase-3. These detrimental effects were completely relieved by ROS scavenger. Ultimately, forced overexpression of NF-Y in INS1 β-cell line could rescue palmitate-induced β-cell apoptosis, dysfunction, and mitochondrial impairment. CONCLUSION Pancreatic NF-Y might be an essential regulator of β-cell compensation under metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan He
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiaoqian Yu
- Clinical Translational Innovation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Daxin Cui
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yin Liu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shanshan Yang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wanxin Hu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhiguang Su
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Clinical Translational Innovation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Zhang X, Deng D, Cui D, Liu Y, He S, Zhang H, Xie Y, Yu X, Yang S, Chen Y, Su Z. Cholesterol Sulfate Exerts Protective Effect on Pancreatic β-Cells by Regulating β-Cell Mass and Insulin Secretion. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:840406. [PMID: 35308228 PMCID: PMC8930834 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.840406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Rational: Cholesterol sulfate (CS) is the most abundant known sterol sulfate in human plasma, and it plays a significant role in the control of metabolism and inflammatory response, which contribute to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction and the resultant development of diabetes. However, the role of CS in β-cells and its effect on the development of diabetes remain unknown. Here, we determined the physiological function of CS in pancreatic β-cell homeostasis. Materials and Methods: Blood CS levels in streptozotocin (STZ)- or high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice and patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes were determined by LC-MS/MS. The impact of CS on β-cell mass and insulin secretion was investigated in vitro in isolated mouse islets and the β-cell line INS-1 and in vivo in STZ-induced diabetic mice. The molecular mechanism of CS was explored by viability assay, EdU incorporation analysis, flow cytometry, intracellular Ca2+ influx analysis, mitochondrial membrane potential and cellular ROS assays, and metabolism assay kits. Results: Plasma CS levels in mice and humans were significantly elevated under diabetic conditions. CS attenuated diabetes in a low-dose STZ-induced mouse model. Mechanistically, CS promoted β-cell proliferation and protected β-cells against apoptosis under stressful conditions, which in turn preserved β-cell mass. In addition, CS supported glucose transporter-2 (GLUT2) expression and mitochondrial integrity, which then resulted in a less reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and an increase in ATP production, thereby enabling insulin secretion machinery in the islets to function adequately. Conclusion: This study revealed a novel dual role of CS in integrating β-cell survival and cell function, suggesting that CS might offer a physiologic approach to preserve β-cells and protect against the development of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Deng
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Daxin Cui
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Liu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan He
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaorui Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Provincial Peoples Hospital Jinniu Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqian Yu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanshan Yang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yulong Chen
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiguang Su
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiguang Su,
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Liu Y, He S, Zhou R, Zhang X, Yang S, Deng D, Zhang C, Yu X, Chen Y, Su Z. Nuclear Factor-Y in Mouse Pancreatic β-Cells Plays a Crucial Role in Glucose Homeostasis by Regulating β-Cell Mass and Insulin Secretion. Diabetes 2021; 70:1703-1716. [PMID: 33980692 DOI: 10.2337/db20-1238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell mass and insulin secretion are determined by the dynamic change of transcription factor expression levels in response to altered metabolic demand. Nuclear factor-Y (NF-Y) is an evolutionarily conserved transcription factor playing critical roles in multiple cellular processes. However, the physiological role of NF-Y in pancreatic β-cells is poorly understood. The current study was undertaken in a conditional knockout of Nf-ya specifically in pancreatic β-cells (Nf-ya βKO) to define the essential physiological role of NF-Y in β-cells. Nf-ya βKO mice exhibited glucose intolerance without changes in insulin sensitivity. Reduced β-cell proliferation resulting in decreased β-cell mass was observed in these mice, which was associated with disturbed actin cytoskeleton. NF-Y-deficient β-cells also exhibited impaired insulin secretion with a reduced Ca2+ influx in response to glucose, which was associated with an inefficient glucose uptake into β-cells due to a decreased expression of GLUT2 and a reduction in ATP production resulting from the disruption of mitochondrial integrity. This study is the first to show that NF-Y is critical for pancreatic islet homeostasis and function through regulation in β-cell proliferation, glucose uptake into β-cells, and mitochondrial energy metabolism. Modulating NF-Y expression in β-cells may therefore offer an attractive approach for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Liu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan He
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruixue Zhou
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueping Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanshan Yang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Deng
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Caixia Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqian Yu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yulong Chen
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiguang Su
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Baba B, Caliskan M, Boyuk G, Hacisevki A. Chemical Chaperone PBA Attenuates ER Stress and Upregulates SOCS3 Expression as a Regulator of Leptin Signaling. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2021; 86:480-488. [PMID: 33941068 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921040088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is very sensitive to the nutritional and energy states of the cells. Disruption of ER homeostasis leads to the accumulation of unfolded/misfolded proteins in the ER lumen, which is defined as ER stress. ER stress triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR). It is suggested that chronic ER stress is associated with obesity and leptin resistance. We investigated the role of ER stress and the effect of the ER stress inhibitor phenylbutyric acid (PBA) of ER stress, in obesity, as well as their impact on leptin signaling. This study involved twenty-four lean and twenty-four leptin-deficient (ob/ob) mice divided into PBA- and vehicle-treated groups. Pancreatic islets were isolated, incubated with leptin for 48 h, and assayed for the expression of CHOP and XBP1s (UPR signaling indicators) and SOCS3 (regulator of leptin signaling) by RT-qPCR. The expression levels of XBP1s and CHOP were markedly increased in the ob/ob controls compared to other groups with and without leptin treatment. No significant differences in the XBP1s and CHOP expression levels were found between the PBA-treated ob/ob and lean mice. SOCS3 expression was significantly upregulated in the PBA-treated ob/ob mice compared to the ob/ob controls after leptin treatment; but no significant difference in the SOCS3 expression was found between the PBA-treated ob/ob and lean mice with and without leptin treatment. Our findings suggested that ER stress plays an important role in the pathology of obesity, while PBA reduces ER stress and may potentially ameliorate leptin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Baba
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yuksek Ihtisas University, Ankara, 06520, Turkey.
| | - Mursel Caliskan
- Department of Genetic, Gaziosmanpaşa Hospital, Yeni Yuzyil University, Istanbul, 34245, Turkey.
| | - Gulbahar Boyuk
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, 06050, Turkey.
| | - Aysun Hacisevki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, 06100, Turkey.
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Chen Y, Chen J, Zhang C, Yang S, Zhang X, Liu Y, Su Z. Deficiency in the short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase protects mice against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. FASEB J 2019; 33:13722-13733. [PMID: 31585505 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901474rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Chen
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinglu Chen
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Caixia Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanshan Yang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueping Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Liu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiguang Su
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Sen S, Das C. Managing the sugar factory: A new feather in the cap for nuclear factor Y. J Biol Chem 2019; 293:7905-7906. [PMID: 29777018 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.h118.002885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gluconeogenesis in the liver converts lipids and several other noncarbohydrate precursors into glucose, ensuring that blood sugar levels are maintained at healthy levels, especially during fasting. Effective regulation of gluconeogenesis is therefore critical for maintaining systemic metabolic homeostasis. Zhang and colleagues have discovered that the ubiquitous transcriptional regulator nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) confers cAMP responsiveness to key gluconeogenic genes and up-regulates hepatic glucose production. The study expands our understanding of transcriptional regulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis and also presents critical insights into the function of NF-Y in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabyasachi Sen
- From the Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Chandrima Das
- From the Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India
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Wang Y, Yang S, Guan Q, Chen J, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Yuan Y, Su Z. Effects of Genetic Variants of Nuclear Receptor Y on the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:4902301. [PMID: 31205951 PMCID: PMC6530108 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4902301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-Y (NF-Y) consists of three evolutionary conserved subunits including NF-YA, NF-YB, and NF-YC; it is a critical transcriptional regulator of lipid and glucose metabolism and adipokine biosynthesis that are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) occurrence, while the impacts of genetic variants in the NF-Y gene on the risk of T2DM remain to be investigated. In the present study, we screened five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the SNaPshot method in 427 patients with T2DM and 408 healthy individuals. Subsequently, we analyzed the relationships between genotypes and haplotypes constructed from these SNPs with T2DM under diverse genetic models. Furthermore, we investigated the allele effects on the quantitative metabolic traits. Of the five tagSNPs, we found that three SNPs (rs2268188, rs6918969, and rs28869187) exhibited nominal significant differences in allelic or genotypic frequency between patients with T2DM and healthy individuals. The minor alleles G, C, and C at rs2268188, rs6918969, and rs28869187, respectively, conferred a higher T2DM risk under a dominant genetic model, and the carriers of these risk alleles (either homozygotes of the minor allele or heterozygotes) had statistically higher levels of fasting plasma glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Haplotype analysis showed that SNPs rs2268188, rs6918969, rs28869187, and rs35105472 formed a haplotype block, and haplotype TTAC was protective against T2DM (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.33-0.82, P = 0.004), while haplotype GCCG was associated with an elevated susceptibility to T2DM (OR = 2.33, 95% CI = 1.43-3.57, P = 0.001). This study is the first ever observation to our knowledge that indicates the genetic variants of NF-YA might influence a Chinese Han individual's occurrence of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shanshan Yang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiuyue Guan
- Department of Geriatrics, People's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Jinglu Chen
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xueping Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yiming Yuan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhiguang Su
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Liu Y, Chen Y, Zhang J, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Su Z. Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor α stimulates adipose tissue inflammation by modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:13959-13969. [PMID: 28698385 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.782391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue inflammation has been linked to metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, the molecules that mediate inflammation in adipose tissue have not been addressed. Although retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor α (RORα) is known to be involved in the regulation of inflammatory response in some tissues, its role is largely unknown in adipose tissue. Conversely, it is known that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolding protein response (UPR) signaling affect the inflammatory response in obese adipose tissue, but whether RORα regulates these processes remains unknown. In this study, we investigate the link between RORα and adipose tissue inflammation. We showed that the inflammatory response in macrophages or 3T3-L1 adipocytes stimulated by lipopolysaccharide, as well as adipose tissue in obese mice, markedly increased the expression of RORα. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of RORα or treatment with the RORα-specific agonist SR1078 enhanced the expression of inflammatory cytokines and increased the number of infiltrated macrophages into adipose tissue. Furthermore, SR1078 up-regulated the mRNA expression of ER stress response genes and enhanced phosphorylations of two of the three mediators of major UPR signaling pathways, PERK and IRE1α. Finally, we found that alleviation of ER stress using a chemical chaperone followed by the suppression of RORα induced inflammation in adipose tissue. Our data suggest that RORα-induced ER stress response potentially contributes to the adipose tissue inflammation that can be mitigated by treatment with chemical chaperones. The relationships established here between RORα expression, inflammation, and UPR signaling may have implications for therapeutic targeting of obesity-related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Liu
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yulong Chen
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yulan Liu
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanjie Zhang
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiguang Su
- From the Molecular Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
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