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van Noorden CJ, Yetkin-Arik B, Serrano Martinez P, Bakker N, van Breest Smallenburg ME, Schlingemann RO, Klaassen I, Majc B, Habic A, Bogataj U, Galun SK, Vittori M, Erdani Kreft M, Novak M, Breznik B, Hira VV. New Insights in ATP Synthesis as Therapeutic Target in Cancer and Angiogenic Ocular Diseases. J Histochem Cytochem 2024; 72:329-352. [PMID: 38733294 PMCID: PMC11107438 DOI: 10.1369/00221554241249515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactate and ATP formation by aerobic glycolysis, the Warburg effect, is considered a hallmark of cancer. During angiogenesis in non-cancerous tissue, proliferating stalk endothelial cells (ECs) also produce lactate and ATP by aerobic glycolysis. In fact, all proliferating cells, both non-cancer and cancer cells, need lactate for the biosynthesis of building blocks for cell growth and tissue expansion. Moreover, both non-proliferating cancer stem cells in tumors and leader tip ECs during angiogenesis rely on glycolysis for pyruvate production, which is used for ATP synthesis in mitochondria through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Therefore, aerobic glycolysis is not a specific hallmark of cancer but rather a hallmark of proliferating cells and limits its utility in cancer therapy. However, local treatment of angiogenic eye conditions with inhibitors of glycolysis may be a safe therapeutic option that warrants experimental investigation. Most types of cells in the eye such as photoreceptors and pericytes use OXPHOS for ATP production, whereas proliferating angiogenic stalk ECs rely on glycolysis for lactate and ATP production. (J Histochem Cytochem XX.XXX-XXX, XXXX).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelis J.F. van Noorden
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bahar Yetkin-Arik
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Centre for Living Technologies, Alliance TU/e, WUR, UU, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paola Serrano Martinez
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Noëlle Bakker
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Reinier O. Schlingemann
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ingeborg Klaassen
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bernarda Majc
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anamarija Habic
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jozef Stefan Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Urban Bogataj
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - S. Katrin Galun
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Milos Vittori
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mateja Erdani Kreft
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Metka Novak
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Barbara Breznik
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vashendriya V.V. Hira
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Das S, Hilman MC, Yang F, Mourkioti F, Yang W, Cullen DK. Motor neurons and endothelial cells additively promote development and fusion of human iPSC-derived skeletal myocytes. Skelet Muscle 2024; 14:5. [PMID: 38454511 PMCID: PMC10921694 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-024-00336-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurovascular cells have wide-ranging implications on skeletal muscle biology regulating myogenesis, maturation, and regeneration. Although several in vitro studies have investigated how motor neurons and endothelial cells interact with skeletal myocytes independently, there is limited knowledge about the combined effect of neural and vascular cells on muscle maturation and development. METHODS Here, we report a triculture system comprising human-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived skeletal myocytes, human iPSC-derived motor neurons, and primary human endothelial cells maintained under controlled media conditions. Briefly, iPSCs were differentiated to generate skeletal muscle progenitor cells (SMPCs). These SMPCs were seeded at a density of 5 × 104 cells/well in 12-well plates and allowed to differentiate for 7 days before adding iPSC-derived motor neurons at a concentration of 0.5 × 104 cells/well. The neuromuscular coculture was maintained for another 7 days in coculture media before addition of primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) also at 0.5 × 104 cells/well. The triculture was maintained for another 7 days in triculture media comprising equal portions of muscle differentiation media, coculture media, and vascular media. Extensive morphological, genetic, and molecular characterization was performed to understand the combined and individual effects of neural and vascular cells on skeletal muscle maturation. RESULTS We observed that motor neurons independently promoted myofiber fusion, upregulated neuromuscular junction genes, and maintained a molecular niche supportive of muscle maturation. Endothelial cells independently did not support myofiber fusion and downregulated expression of LRP4 but did promote expression of type II specific myosin isoforms. However, neurovascular cells in combination exhibited additive increases in myofiber fusion and length, enhanced production of Agrin, along with upregulation of several key genes like MUSK, RAPSYN, DOK-7, and SLC2A4. Interestingly, more divergent effects were observed in expression of genes like MYH8, MYH1, MYH2, MYH4, and LRP4 and secretion of key molecular factors like amphiregulin and IGFBP-4. CONCLUSIONS Neurovascular cells when cultured in combination with skeletal myocytes promoted myocyte fusion with concomitant increase in expression of various neuromuscular genes. This triculture system may be used to gain a deeper understanding of the effects of the neurovascular niche on skeletal muscle biology and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suradip Das
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Melanie C Hilman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Feikun Yang
- Department of Medicine, Penn Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Foteini Mourkioti
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Musculoskeletal Program, Penn Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Wenli Yang
- Department of Medicine, Penn Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - D Kacy Cullen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Musculoskeletal Program, Penn Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Xu Y, Miller CP, Xue J, Zheng Y, Warren EH, Tykodi SS, Akilesh S. Single cell atlas of kidney cancer endothelial cells reveals distinct expression profiles and phenotypes. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-3558517. [PMID: 37986984 PMCID: PMC10659545 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3558517/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Tumor endothelial cells (TECs) represent the primary interface between the tumor microenvironment and circulating immune cells, however their phenotypes are incompletely understood in highly vascularized clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Methods We purified tumor and matched normal endothelial cells (NECs) from ccRCC specimens and performed single-cell RNA-sequencing to create a reference-quality atlas available as a searchable web resource for gene expression patterns. We established paired primary TECs and NECs cultures for ex vivo functional testing. Results TECs from multiple donors shared a common phenotype with increased expression of pathways related to extracellular matrix regulation, cell-cell communication, and insulin-like growth factor signaling that was conserved in comparison to hepatocellular carcinoma associated TECs, suggesting convergent TEC phenotypes between unrelated tumors. Cultured TECs stably maintained a core program of differentially regulated genes, were inherently resistant to apoptosis after vascular endothelial growth factor removal and displayed increased adhesiveness to subsets of immune cells including regulatory T-cells. Conclusions Our studies delineate unique functional and phenotypic properties of TECs, which may provide insights into their interactions with available and emerging therapies. Functional phenotypes of cultured TECs suggest potential mechanisms of resistance to both antiangiogenic and immune-based therapies.
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Zeng Q, Mousa M, Nadukkandy AS, Franssens L, Alnaqbi H, Alshamsi FY, Safar HA, Carmeliet P. Understanding tumour endothelial cell heterogeneity and function from single-cell omics. Nat Rev Cancer 2023:10.1038/s41568-023-00591-5. [PMID: 37349410 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00591-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Anti-angiogenic therapies (AATs) are used to treat different types of cancers. However, their success is limited owing to insufficient efficacy and resistance. Recently, single-cell omics studies of tumour endothelial cells (TECs) have provided new mechanistic insight. Here, we overview the heterogeneity of human TECs of all tumour types studied to date, at the single-cell level. Notably, most human tumour types contain varying numbers but only a small population of angiogenic TECs, the presumed targets of AATs, possibly contributing to the limited efficacy of and resistance to AATs. In general, TECs are heterogeneous within and across all tumour types, but comparing TEC phenotypes across tumours is currently challenging, owing to the lack of a uniform nomenclature for endothelial cells and consistent single-cell analysis protocols, urgently raising the need for a more consistent approach. Nonetheless, across most tumour types, universal TEC markers (ACKR1, PLVAP and IGFBP3) can be identified. Besides angiogenesis, biological processes such as immunomodulation and extracellular matrix organization are among the most commonly predicted enriched signatures of TECs across different tumour types. Although angiogenesis and extracellular matrix targets have been considered for AAT (without the hoped success), the immunomodulatory properties of TECs have not been fully considered as a novel anticancer therapeutic approach. Therefore, we also discuss progress, limitations, solutions and novel targets for AAT development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Zeng
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mira Mousa
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Aisha Shigna Nadukkandy
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Heterogeneity, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lies Franssens
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Halima Alnaqbi
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Fatima Yousif Alshamsi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Habiba Al Safar
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Heterogeneity, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Lee D, Ahn J, Koo HS, Kang YJ. Intrauterine botulinum toxin A administration promotes endometrial regeneration mediated by IGFBP3-dependent OPN proteolytic cleavage in thin endometrium. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:26. [PMID: 36602651 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04684-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Adequate endometrial growth is a critical factor for successful embryo implantation and pregnancy maintenance. We previously reported the efficacy of intrauterine administration of botulinum toxin A (BoTA) in improving the endometrial angiogenesis and the rates of embryo implantation. Here, we further evaluated its potent therapeutic effects on the uterine structural and functional repair and elucidated underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms. This study demonstrated that a murine model of thin endometrium was successfully established by displaying dramatically decreased endometrial thickness and the rates of embryo implantation compared to normal endometrium. Interestingly, the expressions of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP3) and an active 35 kDa-form of osteopontin (OPN) were significantly reduced in thin endometrium, which were almost fully restored by intrauterine BoTA administration. Neutralization of BoTA-induced IGFBP3 subsequently suppressed proteolytic cleavage of OPN, exhibiting un-recovered endometrial thickness even in the presence of BoTA administration, suggesting that BoTA-induced endometrial regeneration might be mediated by IGFBP3-dependent OPN proteolytic cleavage. Our findings suggest that intrauterine BoTA administration improves the endometrial environment in our murine model with thin endometrium by increasing endometrial receptivity and angiogenesis in a manner dependent on the regulatory effect of IGFBP3 on OPN proteolytic cleavage, proposing BoTA as an efficient therapeutic strategy for the patients with thin endometrium.
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Chen H, Aneman I, Nikolic V, Karadzov Orlic N, Mikovic Z, Stefanovic M, Cakic Z, Jovanovic H, Town SEL, Padula MP, McClements L. Maternal plasma proteome profiling of biomarkers and pathogenic mechanisms of early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19099. [PMID: 36351970 PMCID: PMC9646706 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20658-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is still the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in pregnancy without a cure. There are two phenotypes of preeclampsia, early-onset (EOPE) and late-onset (LOPE) with poorly defined pathogenic differences. This study aimed to facilitate better understanding of the mechanisms of pathophysiology of EOPE and LOPE, and identify specific biomarkers or therapeutic targets. In this study, we conducted an untargeted, label-free quantitative proteomic analyses of plasma samples from pregnant women with EOPE (n = 17) and LOPE (n = 11), and age, BMI-matched normotensive controls (n = 18). Targeted proteomics approach was also employed to validate a subset of proteins (n = 17). In total, there were 26 and 20 differentially abundant proteins between EOPE or LOPE, and normotensive controls, respectively. A series of angiogenic and inflammatory proteins, including insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 4 (IGFBP4; EOPE: FDR = 0.0030 and LOPE: FDR = 0.00396) and inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H2-4 (ITIH2-4), were significantly altered in abundance in both phenotypes. Through validation we confirmed that ITIH2 was perturbed only in LOPE (p = 0.005) whereas ITIH3 and ITIH4 were perturbed in both phenotypes (p < 0.05). Overall, lipid metabolism/transport proteins associated with atherosclerosis were highly abundant in LOPE, however, ECM proteins had a more pronounced role in EOPE. The complement cascade and binding and uptake of ligands by scavenger receptors, pathways, were associated with both EOPE and LOPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- grid.117476.20000 0004 1936 7611School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW Australia
| | - Ingrid Aneman
- grid.117476.20000 0004 1936 7611School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW Australia
| | - Valentina Nikolic
- grid.11374.300000 0001 0942 1176Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Natasa Karadzov Orlic
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Narodni Front, Belgrade, Serbia ,grid.7149.b0000 0001 2166 9385Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zeljko Mikovic
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Narodni Front, Belgrade, Serbia ,grid.7149.b0000 0001 2166 9385Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Stefanovic
- grid.11374.300000 0001 0942 1176Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia ,grid.418653.d0000 0004 0517 2741Gynaecology and Obstetrics Clinic, Clinical Centre Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Zoran Cakic
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, General Hospital of Leskovac, Leskovac, Serbia
| | - Hristina Jovanovic
- grid.11374.300000 0001 0942 1176Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Stephanie E. L. Town
- grid.117476.20000 0004 1936 7611School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW Australia
| | - Matthew P. Padula
- grid.117476.20000 0004 1936 7611School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW Australia
| | - Lana McClements
- grid.117476.20000 0004 1936 7611School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW Australia ,grid.117476.20000 0004 1936 7611Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW Australia
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7
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Sélénou C, Brioude F, Giabicani E, Sobrier ML, Netchine I. IGF2: Development, Genetic and Epigenetic Abnormalities. Cells 2022; 11:1886. [PMID: 35741015 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the 30 years since the first report of parental imprinting in insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2) knockout mouse models, we have learnt much about the structure of this protein, its role and regulation. Indeed, many animal and human studies involving innovative techniques have shed light on the complex regulation of IGF2 expression. The physiological roles of IGF-II have also been documented, revealing pleiotropic tissue-specific and developmental-stage-dependent action. Furthermore, in recent years, animal studies have highlighted important interspecies differences in IGF-II function, gene expression and regulation. The identification of human disorders due to impaired IGF2 gene expression has also helped to elucidate the major role of IGF-II in growth and in tumor proliferation. The Silver-Russell and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndromes are the most representative imprinted disorders, as they constitute both phenotypic and molecular mirrors of IGF2-linked abnormalities. The characterization of patients with either epigenetic or genetic defects altering IGF2 expression has confirmed the central role of IGF-II in human growth regulation, particularly before birth, and its effects on broader body functions, such as metabolism or tumor susceptibility. Given the long-term health impact of these rare disorders, it is important to understand the consequences of IGF2 defects in these patients.
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Rius FE, Papaiz DD, Azevedo HFZ, Ayub ALP, Pessoa DO, Oliveira TF, Loureiro APM, Andrade F, Fujita A, Reis EM, Mason CE, Jasiulionis MG. Genome-wide promoter methylation profiling in a cellular model of melanoma progression reveals markers of malignancy and metastasis that predict melanoma survival. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:68. [PMID: 35606887 PMCID: PMC9128240 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01291-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The epigenetic changes associated with melanoma progression to advanced and metastatic stages are still poorly understood. To shed light on the CpG methylation dynamics during melanoma development, we analyzed the methylome profiles of a four-stage cell line model of melanoma progression: non-tumorigenic melanocytes (melan-a), premalignant melanocytes (4C), non-metastatic melanoma cells (4C11−), and metastatic melanoma cells (4C11+). We identified 540 hypo- and 37 hypermethylated gene promoters that together characterized a malignancy signature, and 646 hypo- and 520 hypermethylated promoters that distinguished a metastasis signature. Differentially methylated genes from these signatures were correlated with overall survival using TCGA-SKCM methylation data. Moreover, multivariate Cox analyses with LASSO regularization identified panels of 33 and 31 CpGs, respectively, from the malignancy and metastasis signatures that predicted poor survival. We found a concordant relationship between DNA methylation and transcriptional levels for genes from the malignancy (Pyroxd2 and Ptgfrn) and metastasis (Arnt2, Igfbp4 and Ptprf) signatures, which were both also correlated with melanoma prognosis. Altogether, this study reveals novel CpGs methylation markers associated with malignancy and metastasis that collectively could improve the survival prediction of melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia E Rius
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Debora D Papaiz
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hatylas F Z Azevedo
- Divisão de Urologia, Departamento de Cirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Luísa P Ayub
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diogo O Pessoa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago F Oliveira
- Departamento de Farmacociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula M Loureiro
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Andrade
- Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - André Fujita
- Departamento de Ciências da Computação, Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Reis
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christopher E Mason
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Miriam G Jasiulionis
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 04039-032, Brazil.
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9
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Kutikhin AG, Shishkova DK, Velikanova EA, Sinitsky MY, Sinitskaya AV, Markova VE. Endothelial Dysfunction in the Context of Blood–Brain Barrier Modeling. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2022; 58:781-806. [PMID: 35789679 PMCID: PMC9243926 DOI: 10.1134/s0022093022030139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Here, we discuss pathophysiological approaches to the defining
of endothelial dysfunction criteria (i.e., endothelial activation,
impaired endothelial mechanotransduction, endothelial-to-mesenchymal
transition, reduced nitric oxide release, compromised endothelial
integrity, and loss of anti-thrombogenic properties) in different
in vitro and in vivo models. The canonical definition of endothelial
dysfunction includes insufficient production of vasodilators, pro-thrombotic
and pro-inflammatory activation of endothelial cells, and pathologically
increased endothelial permeability. Among the clinical consequences
of endothelial dysfunction are arterial hypertension, macro- and
microangiopathy, and microalbuminuria. We propose to extend the definition
of endothelial dysfunction by adding altered endothelial mechanotransduction
and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition to its criteria. Albeit
interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and MCP-1/CCL2 dictate the pathogenic
paracrine effects of dysfunctional endothelial cells and are therefore
reliable endothelial dysfunction biomarkers in vitro, they are non-specific
for endothelial cells and cannot be used for the diagnostics of
endothelial dysfunction in vivo. Conceptual improvements in the
existing methods to model endothelial dysfunction, specifically,
in relation to the blood–brain barrier, include endothelial cell
culturing under pulsatile flow, collagen IV coating of flow chambers,
and endothelial lysate collection from the blood vessels of laboratory
animals in situ for the subsequent gene and protein expression profiling.
Combined with the simulation of paracrine effects by using conditioned
medium from dysfunctional endothelial cells, these flow-sensitive
models have a high physiological relevance, bringing the experimental
conditions to the physiological scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. G. Kutikhin
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia
| | - D. K. Shishkova
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia
| | - E. A. Velikanova
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia
| | - M. Yu. Sinitsky
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia
| | - A. V. Sinitskaya
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia
| | - V. E. Markova
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia
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10
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Tsuji-Tamura K, Tamura M. Basic fibroblast growth factor uniquely stimulates quiescent vascular smooth muscle cells and induces proliferation and dedifferentiation. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:1686-1699. [PMID: 35363891 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Blood vessels normally remain stable over the long-term. However, in atherosclerosis, vascular cells leave the quiescent state and enter an activated state. Here, we investigated the factors that trigger breakage of the quiescent state by screening growth factors and cytokines using a vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) line and an endothelial cell (EC) line. Despite known functions of the tested factors, only basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was identified as a potent trigger of quiescence breakage in SMCs, but not ECs. bFGF disrupted tight SMC-monolayers, and caused morphological changes, proliferation and dedifferentiation. Human primary SMCs, but not ECs, also showed similar results. Aberrant SMC-proliferation is a critical histological event in atherosclerosis. We thus provide further insights into the role of bFGF in vascular pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyomi Tsuji-Tamura
- Oral Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
| | - Masato Tamura
- Oral Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
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11
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Senchukova MA. Issues of origin, morphology and clinical significance of tumor microvessels in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:8262-8282. [PMID: 35068869 PMCID: PMC8717017 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i48.8262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a serious oncological problem, ranking third in the structure of mortality from malignant neoplasms. Improving treatment outcomes for this pathology largely depends on understanding the pathogenesis and biological characteristics of GC, including the identification and characterization of diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, and therapeutic biomarkers. It is known that the main cause of death from malignant neoplasms and GC, in particular, is tumor metastasis. Given that angiogenesis is a critical process for tumor growth and metastasis, it is now considered an important marker of disease prognosis and sensitivity to anticancer therapy. In the presented review, modern concepts of the mechanisms of tumor vessel formation and the peculiarities of their morphology are considered; data on numerous factors influencing the formation of tumor microvessels and their role in GC progression are summarized; and various approaches to the classification of tumor vessels, as well as the methods for assessing angiogenesis activity in a tumor, are highlighted. Here, results from studies on the prognostic and predictive significance of tumor microvessels in GC are also discussed, and a new classification of tumor microvessels in GC, based on their morphology and clinical significance, is proposed for consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina A Senchukova
- Department of Oncology, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg 460021, Russia
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12
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Grant ZL, Hickey PF, Abeysekera W, Whitehead L, Lewis SM, Symons RCA, Baldwin TM, Amann-Zalcenstein D, Garnham AL, Smyth GK, Thomas T, Voss AK, Coultas L. The histone acetyltransferase HBO1 promotes efficient tip cell sprouting during angiogenesis. Development 2021; 148:272249. [PMID: 34550360 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Blood vessel growth and remodelling are essential during embryonic development and disease pathogenesis. The diversity of endothelial cells (ECs) is transcriptionally evident and ECs undergo dynamic changes in gene expression during vessel growth and remodelling. Here, we investigated the role of the histone acetyltransferase HBO1 (KAT7), which is important for activating genes during development and for histone H3 lysine 14 acetylation (H3K14ac). Loss of HBO1 and H3K14ac impaired developmental sprouting angiogenesis and reduced pathological EC overgrowth in the retinal endothelium. Single-cell RNA sequencing of retinal ECs revealed an increased abundance of tip cells in Hbo1-deficient retinas, which led to EC overcrowding in the retinal sprouting front and prevented efficient tip cell migration. We found that H3K14ac was highly abundant in the endothelial genome in both intra- and intergenic regions, suggesting that HBO1 acts as a genome organiser that promotes efficient tip cell behaviour necessary for sprouting angiogenesis. This article has an associated 'The people behind the papers' interview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe L Grant
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Peter F Hickey
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Waruni Abeysekera
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Lachlan Whitehead
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Sabrina M Lewis
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Robert C A Symons
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia.,Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, 3050, Australia
| | - Tracey M Baldwin
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Daniela Amann-Zalcenstein
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Alexandra L Garnham
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Gordon K Smyth
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Tim Thomas
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Anne K Voss
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Leigh Coultas
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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13
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Shishkova D, Markova V, Sinitsky M, Tsepokina A, Frolov A, Zagorodnikov N, Bogdanov L, Kutikhin A. Co-Culture of Primary Human Coronary Artery and Internal Thoracic Artery Endothelial Cells Results in Mutually Beneficial Paracrine Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8032. [PMID: 33126651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although saphenous veins (SVs) are commonly used as conduits for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), internal thoracic artery (ITA) grafts have significantly higher long-term patency. As SVs and ITA endothelial cells (ECs) have a considerable level of heterogeneity, we suggested that synergistic paracrine interactions between CA and ITA ECs (HCAECs and HITAECs, respectively) may explain the increased resistance of ITA grafts and adjacent CAs to atherosclerosis and restenosis. In this study, we measured the gene and protein expression of the molecules responsible for endothelial homeostasis, pro-inflammatory response, and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in HCAECs co-cultured with either HITAECs or SV ECs (HSaVECs) for an ascending duration. Upon the co-culture, HCAECs and HITAECs showed augmented expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and reduced expression of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition transcription factors Snail and Slug when compared to the HCAEC–HSaVEC model. HCAECs co-cultured with HITAECs demonstrated an upregulation of HES1, a master regulator of arterial specification, of which the expression was also exclusively induced in HSaVECs co-cultured with HCAECs, suggestive of their arterialisation. In addition, co-culture of HCAECs and HITAECs promoted the release of pro-angiogenic molecules. To conclude, co-culture of HCAECs and HITAECs results in reciprocal and beneficial paracrine interactions that might contribute to the better performance of ITA grafts upon CABG.
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