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Chen Y, Li J, Ma J, Bao Y. ZNF143 facilitates the growth and migration of glioma cells by regulating KPNA2-mediated Hippo signalling. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11097. [PMID: 37423952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38158-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The disordered expression of ZNF143 is closely related to the malignant progression of tumours. However, the basic control mechanism of ZNF143 in glioma has not yet been clarified. Therefore, we tried to find a new pathway to illustrate the function of ZNF143 in glioma. To explore the function of KPNA2 in the development of glioma, we used survival analysis by the Kaplan‒Meier method to assess the overall survival (OS) of patients with low and high KPNA2 expression in the TCGA and CGGA cohorts. Western blotting assays and RT‒PCR assays were utilized to determine the expression level of KPNA2 in glioma cells. The interaction between ZNF143 and KPNA2 was confirmed by ChIP assays. Proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 assays, and migration was evaluated by wound healing and Transwell assays. Apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry, and the expression level of YAP/TAZ was visualized using an immunofluorescence assay. The expression levels of LATS1, LATS2, YAP1, and p-YAP1 were determined. Patients with low KPNA2 expression showed a better prognosis than those with high KPNA2 expression. KPNA2 was found to be upregulated in human glioma cells. ZNF143 can bind to the promoter region of KPNA2. Downregulation of ZNF143 and KPNA2 can activate the Hippo signalling pathway and reduce YAP/TAZ expression in human glioma cells, thus inducing apoptosis of human glioma cells and weakening their proliferation, migration and invasion. In conclusion, ZNF143 mediates the Hippo/YAP signalling pathway and inhibits the growth and migration of glioma cells by regulating KPNA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jitao Li
- Department of Oncology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, 257034, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangchun Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yizhong Bao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Kozuka-Hata H, Hiroki T, Miyamura N, Kitamura A, Tsumoto K, Inoue JI, Oyama M. Real-Time Search-Assisted Multiplexed Quantitative Proteomics Reveals System-Wide Translational Regulation of Non-Canonical Short Open Reading Frames. Biomolecules 2023; 13:979. [PMID: 37371559 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal expression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) is reported to be associated with angiogenesis, metastasis and chemotherapy resistance regarding cancer in a wide range of previous studies. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) is well known to function as a pan-inhibitor for HDACs and recognized as one of the therapeutic drug candidates to epigenetically coordinate cancer cell fate regulation on a genomic scale. Here, we established a Real-Time Search (RTS)-assisted mass spectrometric platform for system-wide quantification of translated products encoded by non-canonical short open reading frames (ORFs) as well as already annotated protein coding sequences (CDSs) on the human transciptome and applied this methodology to quantitative proteomic analyses of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA)-treated human HeLa cells to evaluate proteome-wide regulation in response to drug perturbation. Very intriguingly, our RTS-based in-depth proteomic analysis enabled us to identify approximately 5000 novel peptides from the ribosome profiling-based short ORFs encoded in the diversified regions on presumed 'non-coding' nucleotide sequences of mRNAs as well as lncRNAs and nonsense mediated decay (NMD) transcripts. Furthermore, TMT-based multiplex large-scale quantification of the whole proteome changes upon differential SAHA treatment unveiled dose-dependent selective translational regulation of a limited fraction of the non-canonical short ORFs in addition to key cell cycle/proliferation-related molecules such as UBE2C, CENPF and PRC1. Our study provided the first system-wide landscape of drug-perturbed translational modulation on both canonical and non-canonical proteome dynamics in human cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Kozuka-Hata
- Medical Proteomics Laboratory, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Tomoko Hiroki
- Medical Proteomics Laboratory, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Naoaki Miyamura
- Medical Proteomics Laboratory, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Aya Kitamura
- Medical Proteomics Laboratory, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kouhei Tsumoto
- Medical Proteomics Laboratory, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichiro Inoue
- Medical Proteomics Laboratory, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Department of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Masaaki Oyama
- Medical Proteomics Laboratory, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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3
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Everix L, Seane EN, Ebenhan T, Goethals I, Bolcaen J. Introducing HDAC-Targeting Radiopharmaceuticals for Glioblastoma Imaging and Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:227. [PMID: 37259375 PMCID: PMC9967489 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in multimodality therapy for glioblastoma (GB) incorporating surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy, the overall prognosis remains poor. One of the interesting targets for GB therapy is the histone deacetylase family (HDAC). Due to their pleiotropic effects on, e.g., DNA repair, cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and cell cycle, HDAC inhibitors have gained a lot of attention in the last decade as anti-cancer agents. Despite their known underlying mechanism, their therapeutic activity is not well-defined. In this review, an extensive overview is given of the current status of HDAC inhibitors for GB therapy, followed by an overview of current HDAC-targeting radiopharmaceuticals. Imaging HDAC expression or activity could provide key insights regarding the role of HDAC enzymes in gliomagenesis, thus identifying patients likely to benefit from HDACi-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liesbeth Everix
- Molecular Imaging Center Antwerp (MICA), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Elsie Neo Seane
- Department of Medical Imaging and Therapeutic Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town 7530, South Africa
| | - Thomas Ebenhan
- Pre-Clinical Imaging Facility (PCIF), (NuMeRI) NPC, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department of Science and Technology/Preclinical Drug Development Platform (PCDDP), North West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
- Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Ingeborg Goethals
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julie Bolcaen
- Radiation Biophysics Division, SSC laboratory, iThemba LABS, Cape Town 7131, South Africa
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4
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von Knebel Doeberitz N, Paech D, Sturm D, Pusch S, Turcan S, Saunthararajah Y. Changing paradigms in oncology: Toward noncytotoxic treatments for advanced gliomas. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:1431-1446. [PMID: 35603902 PMCID: PMC9474618 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Glial-lineage malignancies (gliomas) recurrently mutate and/or delete the master regulators of apoptosis p53 and/or p16/CDKN2A, undermining apoptosis-intending (cytotoxic) treatments. By contrast to disrupted p53/p16, glioma cells are live-wired with the master transcription factor circuits that specify and drive glial lineage fates: these transcription factors activate early-glial and replication programs as expected, but fail in their other usual function of forcing onward glial lineage-maturation-late-glial genes have constitutively "closed" chromatin requiring chromatin-remodeling for activation-glioma-genesis disrupts several epigenetic components needed to perform this work, and simultaneously amplifies repressing epigenetic machinery instead. Pharmacologic inhibition of repressing epigenetic enzymes thus allows activation of late-glial genes and terminates glioma self-replication (self-replication = replication without lineage-maturation), independent of p53/p16/apoptosis. Lineage-specifying master transcription factors therefore contrast with p53/p16 in being enriched in self-replicating glioma cells, reveal a cause-effect relationship between aberrant epigenetic repression of late-lineage programs and malignant self-replication, and point to specific epigenetic targets for noncytotoxic glioma-therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Paech
- Division of RadiologyGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
- Department of NeuroradiologyBonn University HospitalBonnGermany
| | - Dominik Sturm
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ) HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
- Division of Pediatric Glioma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)HeidelbergGermany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology & ImmunologyHeidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
| | - Stefan Pusch
- Department of NeuropathologyInstitute of Pathology, Ruprecht‐Karls‐University HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Sevin Turcan
- Department of NeurologyHeidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
| | - Yogen Saunthararajah
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology ResearchTaussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandOhioUSA
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5
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Xu J, Wu PJ, Lai TH, Sharma P, Canella A, Welker AM, Beattie C, Timmers CD, Lang FF, Jacob NK, Elder JB, Lonser R, Easley M, Pietrzak M, Sampath D, Puduvalli VK. Disruption of DNA Repair and Survival Pathways through Heat Shock Protein inhibition by Onalespib to Sensitize Malignant Gliomas to Chemoradiation therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:1979-1990. [PMID: 35140124 PMCID: PMC9064967 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-0468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Proficient DNA repair by homologous recombination (HR) facilitates resistance to chemo-radiation in glioma stem cells (GSCs). We evaluated whether compromising HR by targeting HSP90, a molecular chaperone required for the function of key HR proteins, using onalespib, a long-acting, brain-penetrant HSP90 inhibitor, would sensitize high-grade gliomas to chemo-radiation in vitro and in vivo Experimental Design: The ability of onalespib to deplete HR client proteins, impair HR repair capacity, and sensitize GBM to chemo-radiation was evaluated in vitro in GSCs, and in vivo using zebrafish and mouse intracranial glioma xenograft models. The effects of HSP90 inhibition on the transcriptome and cytoplasmic proteins was assessed in GSCs and in ex vivo organotypic human glioma slice cultures. RESULTS Treatment with onalespib depleted CHK1 and RAD51, two key proteins of the HR pathway, and attenuated HR repair, sensitizing GSCs to the combination of radiation and temozolomide (TMZ). HSP90 inhibition reprogrammed the transcriptome of GSCs and broadly altered expression of cytoplasmic proteins including known and novel client proteins relevant to GSCs. The combination of onalespib with radiation and TMZ extended survival in a zebra fish and a mouse xenograft model of GBM compared to the standard of care (radiation and TMZ) or onalespib with radiation. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study demonstrate that targeting HR by HSP90 inhibition sensitizes GSCs to radiation and chemotherapy and extends survival in zebrafish and mouse intracranial models of GBM. These results provide a preclinical rationale for assessment of HSP90 inhibitors in combination with chemoradiation in GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Xu
- Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Pei-Jung Wu
- Division of Neuro-oncology, The Ohio State University
| | - Tzung-Huei Lai
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University
| | - Pratibha Sharma
- Department of Neuro-oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | | | | | | | | | - Frederick F Lang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Naduparambil K Jacob
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - J Bradley Elder
- Dardinger Neuro-Oncology Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University
| | - Russell Lonser
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
| | | | | | - Deepa Sampath
- Hematopoeitic Biology and Malignancy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Vinay K Puduvalli
- Department of Neuro-oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
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6
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Zheng P, Li N, Zhan X. Ovarian cancer subtypes based on the regulatory genes of RNA modifications: Novel prediction model of prognosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:972341. [PMID: 36545327 PMCID: PMC9760687 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.972341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer (OC) is a female reproductive system tumor. RNA modifications play key roles in gene expression regulation. The growing evidence demonstrates that RNA methylation is critical for various biological functions, and that its dysregulation is related to the progression of cancer in human. METHOD OC samples were classified into different subtypes (Clusters 1 and 2) based on various RNA-modification regulatory genes (RRGs) in the process of RNA modifications (m1A, m6A, m6Am, m5C, m7G, ac4C, m3C, and Ψ) by nonnegative matrix factorization method (NMF). Based on differently expressed RRGs (DERRGs) between clusters, a pathologically specific RNA-modification regulatory gene signature was constructed with Lasso regression. Kaplan-Meier analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the prognostic ability of the identified model. The correlations of clinicopathological features, immune subtypes, immune scores, immune cells, and tumor mutation burden (TMB) were also estimated between different NMF clusters and riskscore groups. RESULTS In this study, 59 RRGs in the process of RNA modifications (m1A, m6A, m6Am, m5C, m7G, ac4C, m3C, and Ψ) were obtained from TCGA database. These RRGs were interactional, and sample clusters based on these regulators were significantly correlated with survival rate, clinical characteristics (involving survival status and pathologic stage), drug sensibility, and immune microenvironment. Furthermore, Lasso regression based on these 21 DERRGs between clusters 1 and 2 constructed a four-DERRG signature (ALYREF, ZC3H13, WTAP, and METTL1). Based on this signature, 307 OC patients were classified into high- and low-risk groups based on median value of riskscores from lasso regression. This identified signature was significantly associated with overall survival, radiation therapy, age, clinical stage, cancer status, and immune cells (involving CD4+ memory resting T cells, plasma cells, and Macrophages M1) of ovarian cancer patients. Further, GSEA revealed that multiple biological behaviors were significantly enriched in different groups. CONCLUSIONS OC patients were classified into two subtypes per these RRGs. This study identified four-DERRG signature (ALYREF, ZC3H13, WTAP, and METTL1) in OC, which was an independent prognostic model for patient stratification, prognostic evaluation, and prediction of response to immunotherapy in ovarian cancer by classifying OC patients into high- and low-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixian Zheng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Na Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Xianquan Zhan, ; Na Li,
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Xianquan Zhan, ; Na Li,
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7
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Samuelov L, Bochner R, Magal L, Malovitski K, Sagiv N, Nousbeck J, Keren A, Fuchs-Telem D, Sarig O, Gilhar A, Sprecher E. Vorinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, as a potential novel treatment for psoriasis. Exp Dermatol 2021; 31:567-576. [PMID: 34787924 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is characterized by aberrant activation of several pro-inflammatory circuits as well as abnormal hyperproliferation and dysregulated apoptosis of keratinocytes (KCs). Most currently available therapeutic options primarily target psoriasis-associated immunological defects rather than epidermal abnormalities. OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, Vorinostat, in targeting hyperproliferation and impaired apoptosis in psoriatic skin. METHODS Vorinostat effect was investigated in primary KCs cell cultures using cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry, apoptosis assays (Annexin V-FICH and caspase-3/7) and antibody arrays, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Vorinostat impact on clinical manifestations of psoriasis was investigated in a chimeric mouse model. RESULTS Vorinostat was found to inhibit KCs proliferation and to induce their differentiation and apoptosis. Using a chimeric mouse model, vorinostat was found to result in marked attenuation of a psoriasiform phenotype with a significant decrease in epidermal thickness and inhibition of epidermal proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the notion that vorinostat, a prototypic HDAC inhibitor, may be of potential use in the treatment of psoriasis and other hyperproliferative skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liat Samuelov
- Division of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ron Bochner
- Division of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Lee Magal
- Division of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Kiril Malovitski
- Division of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Nadav Sagiv
- Division of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Janna Nousbeck
- Division of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Aviad Keren
- Skin Research Laboratory, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dana Fuchs-Telem
- Division of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ofer Sarig
- Division of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Amos Gilhar
- Skin Research Laboratory, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Eli Sprecher
- Division of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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8
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Wang K, Zhang M, Wang J, Sun P, Luo J, Jin H, Li R, Pan C, Lu L. A Systematic Analysis Identifies Key Regulators Involved in Cell Proliferation and Potential Drugs for the Treatment of Human Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:737152. [PMID: 34650921 PMCID: PMC8505978 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.737152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most common and malignant cancer types. Abnormal cell proliferation, exemplified by cell cycle and cell division dysregulation, is one of the most prominent hallmarks of cancer and is responsible for recurrence, metastasis, and resistance to cancer therapy. However, LUAD-specific gene regulation and clinical significance remain obscure. Here, by using both tissues and cells from LUAD and normal lung samples, 434 increased and 828 decreased genes of biological significance were detected, including 127 cell cycle-associated genes (95 increased and 32 decreased), 66 cell division-associated genes (56 increased and 10 decreased), and 81 cell proliferation-associated genes (34 increased and 47 decreased). Among them, 12 increased genes (TPX2, CENPF, BUB1, PLK1, KIF2C, AURKB, CDKN3, BUB1B, HMGA2, CDK1, ASPM, and CKS1B) and 2 decreased genes (TACC1 and MYH10) were associated with all the three above processes. Importantly, 2 (CDKN3 and CKS1B) out of the 11 increased genes (except HMGA2) are previously uncharacterized ones in LUAD and can potentially be prognostic markers. Moreover, PLK1 could be a promising therapeutic target for LUAD. Besides, protein–protein interaction network analysis showed that CDK1 and CDC20 were the hub genes, which might play crucial roles in cell proliferation of LUAD. Furthermore, transcriptional regulatory network analysis suggested that the transcription factor E2F1 could be a key regulator in controlling cell proliferation of LUAD via expression modulation of most cell cycle-, cell division-, and cell proliferation-related DEGs. Finally, trichostatin A, hycanthone, vorinostat, and mebeverine were identified as four potential therapeutic agents for LUAD. This work revealed key regulators contributing to cell proliferation in human LUAD and identified four potential therapeutic agents for treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xiangyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pan Sun
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jizhuang Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haizhen Jin
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Li
- Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changqing Pan
- General Surgery Department, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liming Lu
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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9
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Sharma P, Xu J, Williams K, Easley M, Elder JB, Lonser R, Lang FF, Lapalombella R, Sampath D, Puduvalli VK. Inhibition of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, the rate-limiting enzyme of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide salvage pathway, to target glioma heterogeneity through mitochondrial oxidative stress. Neuro Oncol 2021; 24:229-244. [PMID: 34260721 PMCID: PMC8804900 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-specific metabolic processes essential for cell survival are promising targets to potentially circumvent intratumoral heterogeneity, a major resistance factor in gliomas. Tumor cells preferentially using nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the rate-limiting enzyme in the salvage pathway for synthesis of NAD, a critical cofactor for diverse biological processes including cellular redox reactions, energy metabolism and biosynthesis. NAMPT is overexpressed in most malignancies, including gliomas, and can serve as a tumor-specific target. METHODS Effects of pharmacological inhibition of NAMPT on cellular oxygen consumption rate, extracellular acidification, mitochondrial respiration, cell proliferation, invasion and survival were assessed through in vitro and ex vivo studies on genetically heterogeneous glioma cell lines, glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) and mouse and human ex vivo organotypic glioma slice culture models. RESULTS Pharmacological inhibition of the NAD salvage biosynthesis pathway using a highly specific inhibitor, KPT-9274, resulted in reduction of NAD levels and related downstream metabolites, inhibited proliferation, and induced apoptosis in vitro in cell lines and ex vivo in human glioma tissue. These effects were mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage and increased oxidative stress leading to apoptosis in GSCs independent of genotype, IDH status or MGMT promoter methylation status. Conversely, NAMPT inhibition had minimal in vitro effects on normal human astrocytes (NHA) and no apparent in vivo toxicity in non-tumor-bearing mice. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacological NAMPT inhibition by KPT9274 potently targeted genetically heterogeneous gliomas by activating mitochondrial dysfunction. Our preclinical results provide a rationale for targeting the NAMPT-dependent alternative NAD biosynthesis pathway as a novel clinical strategy against gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Sharma
- Division of Neurooncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jihong Xu
- Division of Neurooncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Katie Williams
- Division of Hematology Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michelle Easley
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J Brad Elder
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Russell Lonser
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Frederick F Lang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rosa Lapalombella
- Division of Hematology Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Deepa Sampath
- Division of Hematology Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vinay K Puduvalli
- Division of Neurooncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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10
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Deng T, Gong Y, Liao X, Wang X, Zhou X, Zhu G, Mo L. Integrative Analysis of a Novel Eleven-Small Nucleolar RNA Prognostic Signature in Patients With Lower Grade Glioma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:650828. [PMID: 34164339 PMCID: PMC8215672 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.650828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study used the RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) dataset to identify prognostic snoRNAs and construct a prognostic signature of The Cancer Genome Atla (TCGA) lower grade glioma (LGG) cohort, and comprehensive analysis of this signature. Methods RNA-seq dataset of 488 patients from TCGA LGG cohort were included in this study. Comprehensive analysis including function enrichment, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), immune infiltration, cancer immune microenvironment, and connectivity map (CMap) were used to evaluate the snoRNAs prognostic signature. Results We identified 21 LGG prognostic snoRNAs and constructed a novel eleven-snoRNA prognostic signature for LGG patients. Survival analysis suggests that this signature is an independent prognostic risk factor for LGG, and the prognosis of LGG patients with a high-risk phenotype is poor (adjusted P = 0.003, adjusted hazard ratio = 2.076, 95% confidence interval = 1.290–3.340). GSEA and functional enrichment analysis suggest that this signature may be involved in the following biological processes and signaling pathways: such as cell cycle, Wnt, mitogen-activated protein kinase, janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of tran-ions, T cell receptor, nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway. CMap analysis screened out ten targeted therapy drugs for this signature: 15-delta prostaglandin J2, MG-262, vorinostat, 5155877, puromycin, anisomycin, withaferin A, ciclopirox, chloropyrazine and megestrol. We also found that high- and low-risk score phenotypes of LGG patients have significant differences in immune infiltration and cancer immune microenvironment. Conclusions The present study identified a novel eleven-snoRNA prognostic signature of LGG and performed a integrative analysis of its molecular mechanisms and relationship with tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Yizhen Gong
- Evidence-based Medicine Teaching and Research Section, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xiwen Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiangkun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Guangzhi Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ligen Mo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
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11
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From Laboratory Studies to Clinical Trials: Temozolomide Use in IDH-Mutant Gliomas. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051225. [PMID: 34067729 PMCID: PMC8157002 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we discuss the use of the alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ) in the treatment of IDH-mutant gliomas. We describe the challenges associated with TMZ in clinical (drug resistance and tumor recurrence) and preclinical settings (variabilities associated with in vitro models) in treating IDH-mutant glioma. Lastly, we summarize the emerging therapeutic targets that can potentially be used in combination with TMZ.
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12
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Contartese D, Salamanna F, Veronesi F, Fini M. Relevance of humanized three-dimensional tumor tissue models: a descriptive systematic literature review. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:3913-3944. [PMID: 32285137 PMCID: PMC11104864 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03513-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite numerous advances in tumor screening, diagnosis, and treatment, to date, tumors remain one of the leading causes of death, principally due to metastasis and the physiological damage produced by tumor growth. Among the main limits related to the study of tumor physiology there is the complex and heterogeneity nature of its environment and the absence of relevant, simple and inexpensive models able to mimic the biological processes occurring in patients allowing the correct clinical translation of results. To enhance the understanding of the mechanisms of tumors and to develop and evaluate new therapeutic approaches the set-up of advanced and alternative models is mandatory. One of the more translational approaches seems to be the use of humanized three-dimensional (3D) tissue culture. This model allows to accurately mimic tumor morphology and biology, maintaining the native microenvironment without any manipulation. However, little is still known on the real clinical relevance of these models for the study of tumor mechanisms and for the screening of new therapy. The aim of this descriptive systematic literature review was to evaluate and summarize the current knowledge on human 3D tumor tissue culture models. We reviewed the strategies employed by researchers to set-up these systems, also considering the different approaches and culture conditions used. All these aspects greatly contribute to the existing knowledge on tumors, providing a specific link to clinical scenarios and making the humanized 3D tumor tissue models a more attractive tool both for researchers and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Contartese
- Laboratory Preclinical and Surgical Studies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Salamanna
- Laboratory Preclinical and Surgical Studies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - F Veronesi
- Laboratory Preclinical and Surgical Studies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Fini
- Laboratory Preclinical and Surgical Studies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
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13
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Carpenter CD, Alnahhas I, Gonzalez J, Giglio P, Puduvalli VK. Changing paradigms for targeted therapies against diffuse infiltrative gliomas: tackling a moving target. Expert Rev Neurother 2019; 19:663-677. [PMID: 31106606 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2019.1621169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Gliomas are highly heterogeneous primary brain tumors which result in a disproportionately high degree of morbidity and mortality despite their locoregional occurrence. Advances in the understanding of the biological makeup of these malignancies have yielded a number of potential tumor-driving pathways which have been identified as rational targets for therapy. However, early trials of agents that target these pathways have uniformly failed to yield improvement in outcomes in patients with malignant gliomas. Areas covered: This review provides an overview of the most common biological features of gliomas and the strategies to target the same; in addition, the current status of immunotherapy and biological therapies are outlined and the future directions to tackle the challenges of therapy for gliomas are examined. Expert opinion: The limitations of current treatments are attributed to the inability of most of these agents to cross the blood-brain barrier and to the intrinsic heterogeneity of the tumors that result in treatment resistance. The recent emergence of immune-mediated and biological therapies and of agents that target metabolic pathways in gliomas have provided strategies that may overcome tumor heterogeneity and ongoing trials of such agents are anticipated to yield improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice D Carpenter
- a Department of Neurosurgery , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Iyad Alnahhas
- b Division of Neurooncology , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Javier Gonzalez
- a Department of Neurosurgery , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus , OH , USA.,b Division of Neurooncology , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Pierre Giglio
- a Department of Neurosurgery , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus , OH , USA.,b Division of Neurooncology , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Vinay K Puduvalli
- a Department of Neurosurgery , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus , OH , USA.,b Division of Neurooncology , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus , OH , USA
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14
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Cenciarini M, Valentino M, Belia S, Sforna L, Rosa P, Ronchetti S, D'Adamo MC, Pessia M. Dexamethasone in Glioblastoma Multiforme Therapy: Mechanisms and Controversies. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:65. [PMID: 30983966 PMCID: PMC6449729 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and malignant of the glial tumors. The world-wide estimates of new cases and deaths annually are remarkable, making GBM a crucial public health issue. Despite the combination of radical surgery, radio and chemotherapy prognosis is extremely poor (median survival is approximately 1 year). Thus, current therapeutic interventions are highly unsatisfactory. For many years, GBM-induced brain oedema and inflammation have been widely treated with dexamethasone (DEX), a synthetic glucocorticoid (GC). A number of studies have reported that DEX also inhibits GBM cell proliferation and migration. Nevertheless, recent controversial results provided by different laboratories have challenged the widely accepted dogma concerning DEX therapy for GBM. Here, we have reviewed the main clinical features and genetic and epigenetic abnormalities underlying GBM. Finally, we analyzed current notions and concerns related to DEX effects on cerebral oedema, cancer cell proliferation and migration and clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Cenciarini
- Section of Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia School of Medicine, Perugia, Italy
| | - Mario Valentino
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Silvia Belia
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Luigi Sforna
- Section of Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia School of Medicine, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paolo Rosa
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome "Sapienza", Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy
| | - Simona Ronchetti
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia School of Medicine, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina D'Adamo
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Mauro Pessia
- Section of Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia School of Medicine, Perugia, Italy.,Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
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15
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Yelton CJ, Ray SK. Histone deacetylase enzymes and selective histone deacetylase inhibitors for antitumor effects and enhancement of antitumor immunity in glioblastoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 5. [PMID: 30701185 PMCID: PMC6348296 DOI: 10.20517/2347-8659.2018.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), which is the most common primary central nervous system malignancy in adults, has long presented a formidable challenge to researchers and clinicians alike. Dismal 5-year survival rates of the patients with these tumors and the ability of the recurrent tumors to evade primary treatment strategies have prompted a need for alternative therapies in the treatment of GBM. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are currently a potential epigenetic therapy modality under investigation for use in GBM with mixed results. While these agents show promise through a variety of proposed mechanisms in the pre-clinical realm, only several of these agents have shown this same promise when translated into the clinical arena, either as monotherapy or for use in combination regimens. This review will examine the current state of use of HDAC inhibitors in GBM, the mechanistic rationale for use of HDAC inhibitors in GBM, and then examine an exciting new mechanistic revelation of certain HDAC inhibitors that promote antitumor immunity in GBM. The details of this antitumor immunity will be discussed with an emphasis on application of this antitumor immunity towards developing alternative therapies for treatment of GBM. The final section of this article will provide an overview of the current state of immunotherapy targeted specifically to GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb J Yelton
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Swapan K Ray
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
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16
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Nabar GM, Mahajan KD, Calhoun MA, Duong AD, Souva MS, Xu J, Czeisler C, Puduvalli VK, Otero JJ, Wyslouzil BE, Winter JO. Micelle-templated, poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles for hydrophobic drug delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:351-366. [PMID: 29391794 PMCID: PMC5768187 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s142079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is widely used for drug delivery because of its biocompatibility, ability to solubilize a wide variety of drugs, and tunable degradation. However, achieving sub-100 nm nanoparticles (NPs), as might be desired for delivery via the enhanced permeability and retention effect, is extremely difficult via typical top-down emulsion approaches. METHODS Here, we present a bottom-up synthesis method yielding PLGA/block copolymer hybrids (ie, "PolyDots"), consisting of hydrophobic PLGA chains entrapped within self-assembling poly(styrene-b-ethylene oxide) (PS-b-PEO) micelles. RESULTS PolyDots exhibit average diameters <50 nm and lower polydispersity than conventional PLGA NPs. Drug encapsulation efficiencies of PolyDots match conventional PLGA NPs (ie, ~30%) and are greater than those obtained from PS-b-PEO micelles (ie, ~7%). Increasing the PLGA:PS-b-PEO weight ratio alters the drug release mechanism from chain relaxation to erosion controlled. PolyDots are taken up by model glioma cells via endocytotic mechanisms within 24 hours, providing a potential means for delivery to cytoplasm. PolyDots can be lyophilized with minimal change in morphology and encapsulant functionality, and can be produced at scale using electrospray. CONCLUSION Encapsulation of PLGA within micelles provides a bottom-up route for the synthesis of sub-100 nm PLGA-based nanocarriers with enhanced stability and drug-loading capacity, and tunable drug release, suitable for potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauri M Nabar
- William G Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
| | - Kalpesh D Mahajan
- William G Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
| | | | - Anthony D Duong
- William G Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
| | - Matthew S Souva
- William G Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
| | - Jihong Xu
- Division of Neuro-oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Catherine Czeisler
- Department of Pathology and the Neurological Research Institute, College of Medicine
| | - Vinay K Puduvalli
- Division of Neuro-oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - José Javier Otero
- Department of Pathology and the Neurological Research Institute, College of Medicine
| | - Barbara E Wyslouzil
- William G Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jessica O Winter
- William G Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
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17
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Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most lethal primary brain tumor in adults despite contemporary gold-standard first-line treatment strategies. This type of tumor recurs in virtually all patients and no commonly accepted standard treatment exists for the recurrent disease. Therefore, advances in all scientific and clinical aspects of GBM are urgently needed. Epigenetic mechanisms are one of the major factors contributing to the pathogenesis of cancers, including glioblastoma. Epigenetic modulators that regulate gene expression by altering the epigenome and non-histone proteins are being exploited as therapeutic drug targets. Over the last decade, numerous preclinical and clinical studies on histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have shown promising results in various cancers. This article provides an overview of the anticancer mechanisms of HDAC inhibitors and the role of HDAC isoforms in GBM. We also summarize current knowledge on HDAC inhibitors on the basis of preclinical studies and emerging clinical data.
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18
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Toress-Collado AX, Nazarian R, Jazirehi AR. Rescue of cell cycle progression in BRAF V600E inhibitor-resistant human melanoma by a chromatin modifier. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317721620. [PMID: 28936920 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317721620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The BRAFV600E-specific inhibitor vemurafenib blocks mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and induces cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase leading to apoptosis of melanomas. To gain an understanding of the dynamics of cell cycle regulation during vemurafenib therapy, we analyzed several vemurafenib-resistant human melanoma sublines derived from BRAFV600E harboring vemurafenib-sensitive parental lines. Vemurafenib provoked G0/G1 phase arrest in parental but not in vemurafenib-resistant sublines. We hypothesized that refractoriness of vemurafenib-resistant sublines to vemurafenib-mediated cell cycle inhibition can be partially rescued by the chromatin modifier suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid promoted G2/M arrest at expense of S phase irrespective of vemurafenib sensitivity. In parental lines, combination of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid and vemurafenib induced both G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis, whereas in vemurafenib-resistant sublines combination induced G0/G1 as well as G2/M arrest resulting in dramatic cytostasis. Vemurafenib-resistant sublines exhibited extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 but not AKT and hyperphosphorylation. Gene expression profiling revealed mitogen-activated protein kinase hyperactivation and deregulations of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases in vemurafenib-resistant sublines, all of which were reversed by suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid; changes that may explain the cytostatic effects of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid. These results suggest that unresponsiveness of vemurafenib-resistant sublines to the biological effects of vemurafenib may be amenable by suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid. These in vitro results, while require further investigation, may provide rational biological basis for combination therapy in the management of vemurafenib-resistant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni X Toress-Collado
- 1 Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ramin Nazarian
- 2 Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,3 Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center (JCCC), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ali R Jazirehi
- 1 Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,3 Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center (JCCC), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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19
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Parker JJ, Lizarraga M, Waziri A, Foshay KM. A Human Glioblastoma Organotypic Slice Culture Model for Study of Tumor Cell Migration and Patient-specific Effects of Anti-Invasive Drugs. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28784966 DOI: 10.3791/53557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) continues to carry an extremely poor clinical prognosis despite surgical, chemotherapeutic, and radiation therapy. Progressive tumor invasion into surrounding brain parenchyma represents an enduring therapeutic challenge. To develop anti-migration therapies for GBM, model systems that provide a physiologically relevant background for controlled experimentation are essential. Here, we present a protocol for generating slice cultures from human GBM tissue obtained during surgical resection. These cultures allow for ex vivo experimentation without passaging through animal xenografts or single cell cultures. Further, we describe the use of time-lapse laser scanning confocal microscopy in conjunction with cell tracking to quantitatively study the migratory behavior of tumor cells and associated response to therapeutics. Slices are reproducibly generated within 90 min of surgical tissue acquisition. Retrovirally-mediated fluorescent cell labeling, confocal imaging, and tumor cell migration analyses are subsequently completed within two weeks of culture. We have successfully used these slice cultures to uncover genetic factors associated with increased migratory behavior in human GBM. Further, we have validated the model's ability to detect patient-specific variation in response to anti-migration therapies. Moving forward, human GBM slice cultures are an attractive platform for rapid ex vivo assessment of tumor sensitivity to therapeutic agents, in order to advance personalized neuro-oncologic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon J Parker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine
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20
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Canella A, Welker AM, Yoo JY, Xu J, Abas FS, Kesanakurti D, Nagarajan P, Beattie CE, Sulman EP, Liu J, Gumin J, Lang FF, Gurcan MN, Kaur B, Sampath D, Puduvalli VK. Efficacy of Onalespib, a Long-Acting Second-Generation HSP90 Inhibitor, as a Single Agent and in Combination with Temozolomide against Malignant Gliomas. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:6215-6226. [PMID: 28679777 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-3151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: HSP90, a highly conserved molecular chaperone that regulates the function of several oncogenic client proteins, is altered in glioblastoma. However, HSP90 inhibitors currently in clinical trials are short-acting, have unacceptable toxicities, or are unable to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). We examined the efficacy of onalespib, a potent, long-acting novel HSP90 inhibitor as a single agent and in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) against gliomas in vitro and in vivoExperimental Design: The effect of onalespib on HSP90, its client proteins, and on the biology of glioma cell lines and patient-derived glioma-initiating cells (GSC) was determined. Brain and plasma pharmacokinetics of onalespib and its ability to inhibit HSP90 in vivo were assessed in non-tumor-bearing mice. Its efficacy as a single agent or in combination with TMZ was assessed in vitro and in vivo using zebrafish and patient-derived GSC xenograft mouse glioma models.Results: Onalespib-mediated HSP90 inhibition depleted several survival-promoting client proteins such as EGFR, EGFRvIII, and AKT, disrupted their downstream signaling, and decreased the proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and survival of glioma cell lines and GSCs. Onalespib effectively crossed the BBB to inhibit HSP90 in vivo and extended survival as a single agent in zebrafish xenografts and in combination with TMZ in both zebrafish and GSC mouse xenografts.Conclusions: Our results demonstrate the long-acting effects of onalespib against gliomas in vitro and in vivo, which combined with its ability to cross the BBB support its development as a potential therapeutic agent in combination with TMZ against gliomas. Clin Cancer Res; 23(20); 6215-26. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Canella
- Division of Neuro-oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Alessandra M Welker
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ji Young Yoo
- Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jihong Xu
- Division of Neuro-oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Fazly S Abas
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Divya Kesanakurti
- Division of Neuro-oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Prabakaran Nagarajan
- Division of Neuro-oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Christine E Beattie
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Joseph Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Joy Gumin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Frederick F Lang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Metin N Gurcan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Balveen Kaur
- Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Deepa Sampath
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Vinay K Puduvalli
- Division of Neuro-oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio. .,Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
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21
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Touat M, Idbaih A, Sanson M, Ligon KL. Glioblastoma targeted therapy: updated approaches from recent biological insights. Ann Oncol 2017; 28:1457-1472. [PMID: 28863449 PMCID: PMC5834086 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (WHO grade IV astrocytoma) is the most frequent primary brain tumor in adults, representing a highly heterogeneous group of neoplasms that are among the most aggressive and challenging cancers to treat. An improved understanding of the molecular pathways that drive malignancy in glioblastoma has led to the development of various biomarkers and the evaluation of several agents specifically targeting tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment. A number of rational approaches are being investigated, including therapies targeting tumor growth factor receptors and downstream pathways, cell cycle and epigenetic regulation, angiogenesis and antitumor immune response. Moreover, recent identification and validation of prognostic and predictive biomarkers have allowed implementation of modern trial designs based on matching molecular features of tumors to targeted therapeutics. However, while occasional targeted therapy responses have been documented in patients, to date no targeted therapy has been formally validated as effective in clinical trials. The lack of knowledge about relevant molecular drivers in vivo combined with a lack of highly bioactive and brain penetrant-targeted therapies remain significant challenges. In this article, we review the most promising biological insights that have opened the way for the development of targeted therapies in glioblastoma, and examine recent data from clinical trials evaluating targeted therapies and immunotherapies. We discuss challenges and opportunities for the development of these agents in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Touat
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Département d’Innovation Thérapeutique et d’Essais Précoces (DITEP), Villejuif
| | - A. Idbaih
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Paris, France
| | - M. Sanson
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Paris, France
| | - K. L. Ligon
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, USA
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Grabarska A, Łuszczki JJ, Nowosadzka E, Gumbarewicz E, Jeleniewicz W, Dmoszyńska-Graniczka M, Kowalczuk K, Kupisz K, Polberg K, Stepulak A. Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor SAHA as Potential Targeted Therapy Agent for Larynx Cancer Cells. J Cancer 2017; 8:19-28. [PMID: 28123594 PMCID: PMC5264036 DOI: 10.7150/jca.16655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors in the head and neck region. Due to the poor response to chemotherapeutics in patients and low survival rate, successful treatment of larynx cancer still remains a challenge. Therefore, the identification of novel treatment options is needed. We investigated the anticancer effects of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, on two different laryngeal cancer cell lines RK33 and RK45. We also studied the antiproliferative action of SAHA in combination with cisplatin and defined the type of pharmacological interaction between these drugs. Materials and Methods: Viability and proliferation of larynx cancer cell lines were studied by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide method and 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine incorporation assay, respectively. The type of interaction between SAHA and cisplatin was determined by an isobolographic analysis. Western blotting, flow cytometry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction method were used to determine acetylation of histone H3, cell cycle progression and genes expression, respectively. Apoptosis was assessed by means of nucleosomes released to cytosol. Results: SAHA alone or in combination with cisplatin inhibited larynx cancer cells proliferation, whereas displayed relatively low toxicity against normal cells - primary cultures of human skin fibroblasts. The mixture of SAHA with cisplatin exerted additive and synergistic interaction in RK33 and RK45 cells, respectively. We showed that SAHA induced hyperacetylation of histone H3 K9, K14 and K23 and triggered apoptosis. SAHA also caused cell cycle arrest by upregulation of CDKN1A and downregulation of CCND1 encoding p21WAF1/CIP1 and cyclin D1 proteins, respectively. Conclusion: Our studies demonstrated that SAHA may be considered as a potential therapeutic agent against larynx tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Grabarska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Jarogniew J Łuszczki
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.; Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Nowosadzka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewelina Gumbarewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Witold Jeleniewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Krystyna Kowalczuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kupisz
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Specialist District Hospital, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej Stepulak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.; Department of Otolaryngology, MSWiA Hospital, Poland
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Ferreira WAS, Pinheiro DDR, Costa Junior CAD, Rodrigues-Antunes S, Araújo MD, Leão Barros MB, Teixeira ACDS, Faro TAS, Burbano RR, Oliveira EHCD, Harada ML, Borges BDN. An update on the epigenetics of glioblastomas. Epigenomics 2016; 8:1289-305. [PMID: 27585647 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2016-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas, also known as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), are the most aggressive and malignant type of primary brain tumor in adults, exhibiting notable variability at the histopathological, genetic and epigenetic levels. Recently, epigenetic alterations have emerged as a common hallmark of many tumors, including GBM. Considering that a deeper understanding of the epigenetic modifications that occur in GBM may increase the knowledge regarding the tumorigenesis, progression and recurrence of this disease, in this review we discuss the recent major advances in GBM epigenetics research involving histone modification, glioblastoma stem cells, DNA methylation, noncoding RNAs expression, including their main alterations and the use of epigenetic therapy as a valid option for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wallax Augusto Silva Ferreira
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará-UFPA)-Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Danilo do Rosário Pinheiro
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará-UFPA)-Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Carlos Antonio da Costa Junior
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará-UFPA)-Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Symara Rodrigues-Antunes
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará-UFPA)-Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Mariana Diniz Araújo
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará-UFPA)-Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Mariceli Baia Leão Barros
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará-UFPA)-Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Adriana Corrêa de Souza Teixeira
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará-UFPA)-Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Thamirys Aline Silva Faro
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará-UFPA)-Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Lúcia Harada
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará-UFPA)-Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Bárbara do Nascimento Borges
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará-UFPA)-Belém, Pará, Brazil
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24
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Rasmussen RD, Gajjar MK, Jensen KE, Hamerlik P. Enhanced efficacy of combined HDAC and PARP targeting in glioblastoma. Mol Oncol 2016; 10:751-63. [PMID: 26794465 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent clinical trials have demonstrated that targeting chromatin remodeling factors is as a promising strategy for the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). We and others have shown constitutive activation of DNA damage response (DDR) pathways in gliomas and suggested that targeting the DDR may improve the currently grim prognosis for patients. Based on our previous findings that inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) increases radio-sensitivity of the notoriously radio-resistant GBM cells, we hypothesized that epigenetic down-regulation of the DDR responses and induction of oxidative stress via HDAC inhibition would contribute to more efficient targeting of this deadly disease. Our data show that SAHA, an HDAC class I + II inhibitor, in combination with olaparib (PARP inhibitor): i) enhanced inhibition of GBM cell survival, ii) induced apoptosis, and iii) impaired cell cycle progression. These results provide a pre-clinical rationale for combined administration of SAHA and olaparib, which are already individually in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke D Rasmussen
- Brain Tumor Biology Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100-DK, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Madhavsai K Gajjar
- Brain Tumor Biology Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100-DK, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kamilla E Jensen
- Brain Tumor Biology Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100-DK, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Petra Hamerlik
- Brain Tumor Biology Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100-DK, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Radiation Biology, The Finsen Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100-DK, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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25
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Liu X, Wang JH, Li S, Li LL, Huang M, Zhang YH, Liu Y, Yang YT, Ding R, Ke YQ. Histone deacetylase 3 expression correlates with vasculogenic mimicry through the phosphoinositide3-kinase / ERK-MMP-laminin5γ2 signaling pathway. Cancer Sci 2015; 106:857-66. [PMID: 25940092 PMCID: PMC4520637 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) refers to the process by which highly aggressive tumor cells mimic endothelial cells to form vessel-like structures that aid in supplying enough nutrients to rapidly growing tumors. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) regulate the expression and activity of numerous molecules involved in cancer initiation and progression. Notably, HDAC3 is overexpressed in the majority of carcinomas. However, thus far, no data are available to support the role of HDAC3 in VM. In this study, we subjected glioma specimens to immunohistochemical and histochemical double-staining methods and found that VM and HDAC3 expression were related to the pathological grade of gliomas. The presence of VM correlated with HDAC3 expression in glioma tissues. The formation of tubular structures, as determined by the tube formation assay to evaluate VM, was impaired in U87MG cells when transfected by siRNA or treated with an HDAC3 inhibitor. Importantly, the expression of VM-related molecules such as MMP-2/14 and laminin5γ2 was also affected when HDAC3 expression was altered. Furthermore, U87MG cells were treated with a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor or/and ERK inhibitor and found that the PI3K and ERK signaling pathways play key roles in VM; whereas, in VM, the two signaling pathways did not act upstream or downstream from each other. Taken together, our findings showed that HDAC3 contributed to VM in gliomas, possibly through the PI3K/ERK–MMPs–laminin5γ2 signaling pathway, which could potentially be a novel therapeutic target for gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- National Key Clinic Specialty, Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji-Hui Wang
- National Key Clinic Specialty, Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shun Li
- National Key Clinic Specialty, Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Lin-Lin Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Huang
- National Key Clinic Specialty, Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Hong Zhang
- National Key Clinic Specialty, Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- National Key Clinic Specialty, Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Tao Yang
- National Key Clinic Specialty, Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Ding
- National Key Clinic Specialty, Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Quan Ke
- National Key Clinic Specialty, Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) have fascinated researchers in almost all fields of oncology for many years owing to their pleiotropic effects on nearly every aspect of cancer biology. Since the approval of the first HDACi vorinostat for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell leukemia in 2006, more than a hundred clinical trials have been initiated with a HDACi as a single agent or in combination therapy. Although a number of epigenetic and nonepigenetic molecular mechanisms of action have been proposed, biomarkers for response prediction and patient selection are still lacking. One of the inherent problems in the field of HDACis is their 'reverse' history of drug development: these compounds reached clinical application at an early stage, before the biology of their targets, HDAC1-11, was sufficiently understood. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the human family of HDACs as drug targets in pediatric and adult brain tumors, the efficacy and molecular action of HDACis in preclinical models, as well as the current status of the clinical development of these compounds in the field of neuro-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Ecker
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology (G340), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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27
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Pont LMEB, Naipal K, Kloezeman JJ, Venkatesan S, van den Bent M, van Gent DC, Dirven CMF, Kanaar R, Lamfers MLM, Leenstra S. DNA damage response and anti-apoptotic proteins predict radiosensitization efficacy of HDAC inhibitors SAHA and LBH589 in patient-derived glioblastoma cells. Cancer Lett 2014; 356:525-35. [PMID: 25305451 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
HDAC inhibitors have radiosensitizing effects in established cancer cell lines. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of SAHA, LBH589, Valproic Acid (VPA), MS275 and Scriptaid in the patient-derived glioblastoma model. In more detail, SAHA and LBH589 were evaluated to determine predictors of response. Acetylated-histone-H3, γH2AX/53BP1, (p)Chek2/ATM, Bcl-2/Bcl-XL, p21(CIP1/WAF1) and caspase-3/7 were studied in relation to response. SAHA sensitized 50% of cultures, LBH589 45%, VPA and Scriptaid 40% and MS275 60%. Differences after treatment with SAHA/RTx or LBH589/RTx in a sensitive and resistant culture were increased acetylated-H3, caspase-3/7 and prolonged DNA damage repair γH2AX/53BP1 foci. pChek2 was found to be associated with both SAHA/RTx and LBH589/RTx response with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 90%. Bcl-XL had a PPV of 100% for LBH589/RTx response. Incubation with HDACi 24 and 48 hours pre-RTx resulted in the best efficacy of combination treatment. In conclusion a subset of patient-derived glioblastoma cultures were sensitive to HDACi/RTx. For SAHA and LBH589 responses were strongly associated with pChek2 and Bcl-XL, which warrant further clinical exploration. Additional information on responsiveness was obtained by DNA damage response markers and apoptosis related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte M E Berghauser Pont
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kishan Naipal
- Department of Genetics, Department Radiation Oncology, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jenneke J Kloezeman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Subramanian Venkatesan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin van den Bent
- Department of Neurology/Neuro-oncology, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dik C van Gent
- Department of Genetics, Department Radiation Oncology, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens M F Dirven
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roland Kanaar
- Department of Genetics, Department Radiation Oncology, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martine L M Lamfers
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sieger Leenstra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Neurosurgery, Elizabeth Medical Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
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28
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Bezecny P. Histone deacetylase inhibitors in glioblastoma: pre-clinical and clinical experience. Med Oncol 2014; 31:985. [PMID: 24838514 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0985-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms are increasingly recognized as a major factor contributing to pathogenesis of cancer including glioblastoma, the most common and most malignant primary brain tumour in adults. Enzymatic modifications of histone proteins regulating gene expression are being exploited for therapeutic drug targeting. Over the last decade, numerous studies have shown promising results with histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors in various malignancies. This article provides a brief overview of mechanism of anti-cancer effect and pharmacology of HDAC inhibitors and summarizes results from pre-clinical and clinical studies in glioblastoma. It analyses experience with HDAC inhibitors as single agents as well as in combination with targeted agents, cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Hallmark features of glioblastoma, such as uncontrolled cellular proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and resistance to apoptosis, have been shown to be targeted by HDAC inhibitors in experiments with glioblastoma cell lines. Vorinostat is the most advanced HDAC inhibitor that entered clinical trials in glioblastoma, showing activity in recurrent disease. Multiple phase II trials with vorinostat in combination with targeted agents, temozolomide and radiotherapy are currently recruiting. While the results from pre-clinical studies are encouraging, early clinical trials showed only modest benefit and the value of HDAC inhibitors for clinical practice will need to be confirmed in larger prospective trials. Further research in epigenetic mechanisms driving glioblastoma pathogenesis and identification of molecular subtypes of glioblastoma is needed. This will hopefully lead to better selection of patients who will benefit from treatment with HDAC inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Bezecny
- Rosemere Cancer Centre, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sharoe Green Lane, Preston, PR2 9HT, UK,
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29
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Hummel TR, Wagner L, Ahern C, Fouladi M, Reid JM, McGovern RM, Ames MM, Gilbertson RJ, Horton T, Ingle AM, Weigel B, Blaney SM. A pediatric phase 1 trial of vorinostat and temozolomide in relapsed or refractory primary brain or spinal cord tumors: a Children's Oncology Group phase 1 consortium study. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013; 60:1452-7. [PMID: 23554030 PMCID: PMC4139006 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.24541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We conducted a pediatric phase I study to estimate the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), and pharmacokinetic properties of vorinostat, a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, when given in combination with temozolomide in children with refractory or recurrent CNS malignancies. PATIENTS AND METHODS Vorinostat, followed by temozolomide approximately 1 hour later, was orally administered, once daily, for 5 consecutive days every 28 days at three dose levels using the rolling six design. Studies of histone accumulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were performed on Day 1 at 0, 6, and 24 hours after vorinostat dosing. Vorinostat pharmacokinetics (PK) and serum MGMT promoter status were also assessed. RESULTS Nineteen eligible patients were enrolled and 18 patients were evaluable for toxicity. There were no DLTs observed at dose level 1 or 2. DLTs occurred in four patients at dose level 3: thrombocytopenia (4), neutropenia (3), and leucopenia (1). Non-dose limiting grade 3 or 4 toxicities related to protocol therapy were also hematologic and included neutropenia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, and leucopenia. Three patients exhibited stable disease and one patient had a partial response. There was no clear relationship between vorinostat dosage and drug exposure over the dose range studied. Accumulation of acetylated H3 histone in PBMC was observed after administration of vorinostat. CONCLUSION Five-day cycles of vorinostat in combination with temozolomide are well tolerated in children with recurrent CNS malignancies with myelosuppression as the DLT. The recommended phase II combination doses are vorinostat, 300 mg/m(2) /day and temozolomide, 150 mg/m(2) /day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent R. Hummel
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Division of Oncology, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Lars Wagner
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Division of Oncology, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Charlotte Ahern
- Texas Children’s Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Maryam Fouladi
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Division of Oncology, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Joel M. Reid
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | - Richard J. Gilbertson
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, Saint Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Terzah Horton
- Texas Children’s Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Brenda Weigel
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology-Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Susan M. Blaney
- Texas Children’s Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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30
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Viability reduction and Rac1 gene downregulation of heterogeneous ex-vivo glioma acute slice infected by the oncolytic Newcastle disease virus strain V4UPM. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:248507. [PMID: 23586025 PMCID: PMC3622289 DOI: 10.1155/2013/248507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses have been extensively evaluated for anticancer therapy because this virus preferentially infects cancer cells without interfering with normal cells. Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) is an avian virus and one of the intensively studied oncolytic viruses affecting many types of cancer including glioma. Nevertheless, the capability of NDV infection on heterogeneous glioma tissue in a cerebrospinal fluid atmosphere has never been reported. Recently, Rac1 is reported to be required for efficient NDV replication in human cancer cells and established a link between tumourigenesis and sensitivity to NDV. Rac1 is a member of the Rho GTPases involved in the regulation of the cell migration and cell-cycle progression. Rac1 knockdown leads to significant inhibition of viral replication. In this work, we demonstrated that NDV treatment led to significant reduction of tumour tissue viability of freshly isolated heterogeneous human brain tumour slice, known as an ex vivo glioma acute slice (EGAS). Analysis of gene expression indicated that reduced tissue viability was associated with downregulation of Rac1. However, the viability reduction was not persistent. We conclude that NDV treatment induced EGAS viability suppression, but subsequent downregulation of Rac1 gene may reduce the NDV replication and lead to regrowth of EGAS tissue.
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31
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Abstract
Primary glial brain tumors account for the majority of primary brain tumors in children. They are classified as low-grade gliomas (LGG) or high-grade gliomas (HGG), based on specific pathologic characteristics of the tumor, resulting in disparate clinical prognoses. Surgery is a mainstay of treatment for HGG, although it is not curative, and adjuvant therapy is required. Temozolomide, an oral imidazotetrazine prodrug, while considered standard of care for adult HGG, has not shown the same degree of benefit in the treatment of pediatric HGG. There are significant biologic differences that exist between adult and pediatric HGG, and targets specifically aimed at the biology in the pediatric population are required. Novel and specific therapies currently being investigated for pediatric HGG include small molecule inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor, platelet-derived growth factor receptor, histone deacetylase, the RAS/AKT pathway, telomerase, integrin, insulin-like growth factor receptor, and γ-secretase. Surgery is also the mainstay for LGG. There are defined front-line, multiagent chemotherapy regimens, but there are few proven second-line chemotherapy options for refractory patients. Approaches such as the inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, inhibition of MEK1 and 2, as well as BRAF, are discussed. Further research is required to understand the biology of pediatric gliomas as well as the use of molecularly targeted agents, especially in patients with surgically unresectable tumors.
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32
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Lee EQ, Puduvalli VK, Reid JM, Kuhn JG, Lamborn KR, Cloughesy TF, Chang SM, Drappatz J, Yung WKA, Gilbert MR, Robins HI, Lieberman FS, Lassman AB, McGovern RM, Xu J, Desideri S, Ye X, Ames MM, Espinoza-Delgado I, Prados MD, Wen PY. Phase I study of vorinostat in combination with temozolomide in patients with high-grade gliomas: North American Brain Tumor Consortium Study 04-03. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:6032-9. [PMID: 22923449 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-1841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A phase I, dose-finding study of vorinostat in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) was conducted to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), safety, and pharmacokinetics in patients with high-grade glioma (HGG). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN This phase I, dose-finding, investigational study was conducted in two parts. Part 1 was a dose-escalation study of vorinostat in combination with TMZ 150 mg/m(2)/day for 5 days every 28 days. Part 2 was a dose-escalation study of vorinostat in combination with TMZ 150 mg/m(2)/day for 5 days of the first cycle and 200 mg/m(2)/day for 5 days of the subsequent 28-day cycles. RESULTS In part 1, the MTD of vorinostat administered on days 1 to 7 and 15 to 21 of every 28-day cycle, in combination with TMZ, was 500 mg daily. Dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) included grade 3 anorexia, grade 3 ALT, and grade 5 hemorrhage in the setting of grade 4 thrombocytopenia. In part 2, the MTD of vorinostat on days 1 to 7 and 15 to 21 of every 28-day cycle, combined with TMZ, was 400 mg daily. No DLTs were encountered, but vorinostat dosing could not be escalated further due to thrombocytopenia. The most common serious adverse events were fatigue, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, and thromboembolic events. There were no apparent pharmacokinetic interactions between vorinostat and TMZ. Vorinostat treatment resulted in hyperacetylation of histones H3 and H4 in peripheral mononuclear cells. CONCLUSION Vorinostat in combination with temozolomide is well tolerated in patients with HGG. A phase I/II trial of vorinostat with radiotherapy and concomitant TMZ in newly diagnosed glioblastoma is underway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eudocia Q Lee
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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Rooj AK, McNicholas CM, Bartoszewski R, Bebok Z, Benos DJ, Fuller CM. Glioma-specific cation conductance regulates migration and cell cycle progression. J Biol Chem 2011; 287:4053-65. [PMID: 22130665 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.311688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we have investigated the role of a glioma-specific cation channel assembled from subunits of the Deg/epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) superfamily, in the regulation of migration and cell cycle progression in glioma cells. Channel inhibition by psalmotoxin-1 (PcTX-1) significantly inhibited migration and proliferation of D54-MG glioma cells. Both PcTX-1 and benzamil, an amiloride analog, caused cell cycle arrest of D54-MG cells in G(0)/G(1) phases (by 30 and 40%, respectively) and reduced cell accumulation in S and G(2)/M phases after 24 h of incubation. Both PcTX-1 and benzamil up-regulated expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor proteins p21(Cip1) and p27(Kip1). Similar results were obtained in U87MG and primary glioblastoma multiforme cells maintained in primary culture and following knockdown of one of the component subunits, ASIC1. In contrast, knocking down δENaC, which is not a component of the glioma cation channel complex, had no effect on cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor expression. Phosphorylation of ERK1/2 was also inhibited by PcTX-1, benzamil, and knockdown of ASIC1 but not δENaC in D54MG cells. Our data suggest that a specific cation conductance composed of acid-sensing ion channels and ENaC subunits regulates migration and cell cycle progression in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun K Rooj
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
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