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Palui R, Sridharan K, Sahoo J, Suryadevara V, Kamalanathan S, Naik D, Halanaik D, Durgia H, Raj H. Role of bisphosphonates in hypertrophic osteoarthropathy: a systematic review. Endocrine 2024:10.1007/s12020-024-03804-5. [PMID: 38564085 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03804-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of bisphosphonates (BP) in hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HPOA) is unclear. We presented a case of primary HPOA and performed a systematic review of literature on the effect of BP on treatment response in primary and secondary HPOA. METHODS The study was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022343786). We performed a PubMed literature search that restricted to the English language. We included patients diagnosed with primary or secondary HPOA who received BP. The primary endpoint assessed was the effectiveness of BP on response to pain or arthritis. Secondary outcomes included timing, degree, and duration of response, comparison to other HPOA therapies, impact of BP on radiology, bone scan, bone turnover markers, and adverse effects of BP. RESULTS Literature search retrieved only case reports. Forty-five patients (21 primary, 24 secondary HPOA) had received BP. Majority(88.3%) experienced improvement in pain or arthritis. Response was gradual for primary HPOA and within a median of 3 to 7 days for secondary HPOA after treatment with BP. Most patients had reduced bone scan uptake after BP. When other HPOA therapies were tried, half responded to BP after not having previously responded to other therapies, while a third received the treatments concurrently, making it difficult to attribute treatment response to a drug. Reporting of other secondary outcomes was very heterogenous and qualitative to draw conclusions. No major adverse effects have been reported for BP in HPOA. CONCLUSION Bisphosphonates provide an effective and safe treatment option for primary and secondary HPOA. However, there is a lack of randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Palui
- Consultant Endocrinologist, The Mission Hospital, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Kalyani Sridharan
- Department of Endocrinology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rishikesh, India.
| | - Jayaprakash Sahoo
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Varun Suryadevara
- Associate Consultant Endocrinologist, Apollo Hospitals, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sadishkumar Kamalanathan
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Dukhabandhu Naik
- Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Dhanapathi Halanaik
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Harsh Durgia
- Consultant Endocrinologist, Dr Harsh's Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Henith Raj
- Consultant Endocrinologist, Dr Jayaharan Memorial Hospital, Nagercoil, Tamilnadu, India
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2
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Ahmedna T, Khela H, Weber-Levine C, Azad TD, Jackson CM, Gabrielson K, Bettegowda C, Rincon-Torroella J. The Role of γδ T-Lymphocytes in Glioblastoma: Current Trends and Future Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5784. [PMID: 38136330 PMCID: PMC10741533 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-based immunotherapy for glioblastoma (GBM) encounters major challenges due to the infiltration-resistant and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). γδ T cells, unconventional T cells expressing the characteristic γδ T cell receptor, have demonstrated promise in overcoming these challenges, suggesting great immunotherapeutic potential. This review presents the role of γδ T cells in GBM and proposes several research avenues for future studies. Using the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and JSTOR databases, we performed a review of the literature studying the biology of γδ T cells and their role in GBM treatment. We identified 15 studies focused on γδ T cells in human GBM. Infiltrative γδ T cells can incite antitumor immune responses in certain TMEs, though rapid tumor progression and TME hypoxia may impact the extent of tumor suppression. In the studies, available findings have shown both the potential for robust antitumor activity and the risk of protumor activity. While γδ T cells have potential as a therapeutic agent against GBM, the technical challenges of extracting, isolating, and expanding γδ T cells, and the activation of antitumoral versus protumoral cascades, remain barriers to their application. Overcoming these limitations may transform γδ T cells into a promising immunotherapy in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Ahmedna
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Harmon Khela
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Department of Public Health Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Carly Weber-Levine
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Tej D. Azad
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Christopher M. Jackson
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Kathleen Gabrielson
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Chetan Bettegowda
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jordina Rincon-Torroella
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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3
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Maeoka R, Nakazawa T, Matsuda R, Morimoto T, Shida Y, Yamada S, Nishimura F, Nakamura M, Nakagawa I, Park YS, Tsujimura T, Nakase H. Therapeutic Anti-KIR Antibody of 1-7F9 Attenuates the Antitumor Effects of Expanded and Activated Human Primary Natural Killer Cells on In Vitro Glioblastoma-like Cells and Orthotopic Tumors Derived Therefrom. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14183. [PMID: 37762486 PMCID: PMC10531877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the leading malignant intracranial tumor, where prognosis for which has remained extremely poor for two decades. Immunotherapy has recently drawn attention as a cancer treatment, including for GBM. Natural killer (NK) cells are immune cells that attack cancer cells directly and produce antitumor immunity-related cytokines. The adoptive transfer of expanded and activated NK cells is expected to be a promising GBM immunotherapy. We previously established an efficient expansion method that produced highly purified, activated primary human NK cells, which we designated genuine induced NK cells (GiNKs). The GiNKs demonstrated antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo, which were less affected by blockade of the inhibitory checkpoint receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1). In the present study, we assessed the antitumor effects of GiNKs, both alone and combined with an antibody targeting killer Ig-like receptor 2DLs (KIR2DL1 and DL2/3, both inhibitory checkpoint receptors of NK cells) in vitro and in vivo with U87MG GBM-like cells and the T98G GBM cell line. Impedance-based real-time cell growth assays and apoptosis detection assays revealed that the GiNKs exhibited growth inhibitory effects on U87MG and T98G cells by inducing apoptosis. KIR2DL1 blockade attenuated the growth inhibition of the cell lines in vitro. The intracranial administration of GiNKs prolonged the overall survival of the U87MG-derived orthotopic xenograft brain tumor model. The KIR2DL1 blockade did not enhance the antitumor effects; rather, it attenuated it in the same manner as in the in vitro experiment. GiNK immunotherapy directly administered to the brain could be a promising immunotherapeutic alternative for patients with GBM. Furthermore, KIR2DL1 blockade appeared to require caution when used concomitantly with GiNKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Maeoka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.M.); (T.M.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.); (F.N.); (M.N.); (I.N.); (Y.-S.P.); (H.N.)
| | - Tsutomu Nakazawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.M.); (T.M.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.); (F.N.); (M.N.); (I.N.); (Y.-S.P.); (H.N.)
- Grandsoul Research Institute for Immunology, Inc., Uda 633-2221, Japan;
- Clinic Grandsoul Nara, Uda 633-2221, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Matsuda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.M.); (T.M.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.); (F.N.); (M.N.); (I.N.); (Y.-S.P.); (H.N.)
| | - Takayuki Morimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.M.); (T.M.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.); (F.N.); (M.N.); (I.N.); (Y.-S.P.); (H.N.)
| | - Yoichi Shida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.M.); (T.M.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.); (F.N.); (M.N.); (I.N.); (Y.-S.P.); (H.N.)
| | - Shuichi Yamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.M.); (T.M.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.); (F.N.); (M.N.); (I.N.); (Y.-S.P.); (H.N.)
| | - Fumihiko Nishimura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.M.); (T.M.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.); (F.N.); (M.N.); (I.N.); (Y.-S.P.); (H.N.)
| | - Mitsutoshi Nakamura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.M.); (T.M.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.); (F.N.); (M.N.); (I.N.); (Y.-S.P.); (H.N.)
- Clinic Grandsoul Nara, Uda 633-2221, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakagawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.M.); (T.M.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.); (F.N.); (M.N.); (I.N.); (Y.-S.P.); (H.N.)
| | - Young-Soo Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.M.); (T.M.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.); (F.N.); (M.N.); (I.N.); (Y.-S.P.); (H.N.)
| | - Takahiro Tsujimura
- Grandsoul Research Institute for Immunology, Inc., Uda 633-2221, Japan;
- Clinic Grandsoul Nara, Uda 633-2221, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakase
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan; (R.M.); (T.M.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.); (F.N.); (M.N.); (I.N.); (Y.-S.P.); (H.N.)
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Choi H, Kim TG, Jeun SS, Ahn S. Human gamma-delta (γδ) T cell therapy for glioblastoma: A novel alternative to overcome challenges of adoptive immune cell therapy. Cancer Lett 2023; 571:216335. [PMID: 37544475 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common brain malignancy with devastating prognosis. Numerous clinical trials using various target therapeutic agents have failed and recent clinical trials using check point inhibitors also failed to provide survival benefits for glioblastoma patients. Adoptive T cell transfer is suggested as a novel therapeutic approach that has exhibited promise in preliminary clinical studies. However, the clinical outcomes are inconsistent, and there are several limitations of current adoptive T cell transfer strategies for glioblastoma treatment. As an alternative cell therapy, gamma-delta (γδ) T cells have been recently introduced for several cancers including glioblastoma. Since the leading role of γδ T cells is immune surveillance by recognizing a broad range of ligands including stress molecules, phosphoantigens, or lipid antigens, recent studies have suggested the potential benefits of γδ T cell transfer against glioblastomas. However, γδ T cells, as a small subset (1-5%) of T cells in human peripheral blood, are relatively unknown compared to conventional alpha-beta (αβ) T cells. In this context, our study introduced γδ T cells as an alternative and novel option to overcome several challenges regarding immune cell therapy in glioblastoma treatment. We described the unique characteristics and advantages of γδ T cells compared to conventional αβ T cells and summarize several recent preclinical studies using human gamma-delta T cell therapy for glioblastomas. Finally, we suggested future direction of human γδ T cell therapy for glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeyoun Choi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Rebpulic of Korea; Catholic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai-Gyu Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Rebpulic of Korea; Catholic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin-Soo Jeun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Stephen Ahn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Zhao Y, Zhu R, Wang Y, Wang K. Classification and function of γδT cells and its research progress in anti-glioblastoma. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:150. [PMID: 37597083 PMCID: PMC10439874 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00770-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Human peripheral blood T lymphocytes are classified into alpha-beta T (αβΤ) cells and gamma-delta T (γδΤ) cells based on the difference in T cell receptors (TCRs). αβT cells are crucial for the acquired immune response, while γδΤ cells, though only a small subset, can recognize antigenic substances. These antigens do not need to be processed and presented and are not restricted by MHC. This distinguishes γδΤ cells from αβT cells and highlights their distinct role in innate immunity. Despite their small number, γδΤ cells hold significant significance in anti-tumor, anti-infection and immune regulation. Glioblastoma (GBM) represents one of the most prevalent malignant tumors within the central nervous system (CNS). Surgical resection alone proves to be an ineffective method for curing this type of cancer. Even with the combination of surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, the prognosis of some individuals with glioblastoma is still poor, and the recurrence rate is high. In this research, the classification, biological, and immunological functions of γδT cells and their research progress in anti-glioblastoma were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Zhao
- Comprehensive Ward, Yingsheng Hospital District of The Affiliated Tai'an City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Tai'an, China
| | - Renhong Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tai'an Tumor Prevention and Treatment Hospital, Tai'an, China
| | - Yashu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Tai'an City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Tai'an, China
| | - Keqiang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, China.
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6
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The Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Primary CNS Neoplasms: A Review of Current Knowledge and Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032020. [PMID: 36768342 PMCID: PMC9917056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary CNS neoplasms are responsible for considerable mortality and morbidity, and many therapies directed at primary brain tumors have proven unsuccessful despite their success in preclinical studies. Recently, the tumor immune microenvironment has emerged as a critical aspect of primary CNS neoplasms that may affect their malignancy, prognosis, and response to therapy across patients and tumor grades. This review covers the tumor microenvironment of various primary CNS neoplasms, with a focus on glioblastoma and meningioma. Additionally, current therapeutic strategies based on elements of the tumor microenvironment, including checkpoint inhibitor therapy and immunotherapeutic vaccines, are discussed.
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7
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Human Vδ2 T Cells and Their Versatility for Immunotherapeutic Approaches. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223572. [PMID: 36429001 PMCID: PMC9688761 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gamma/delta (γδ) T cells are innate-like immune effectors that are a critical component linking innate and adaptive immune responses. They are recognized for their contribution to tumor surveillance and fight against infectious diseases. γδ T cells are excellent candidates for cellular immunotherapy due to their unique properties to recognize and destroy tumors or infected cells. They do not depend on the recognition of a single antigen but rather a broad-spectrum of diverse ligands through expression of various cytotoxic receptors. In this manuscript, we review major characteristics of the most abundant circulating γδ subpopulation, Vδ2 T cells, their immunotherapeutic potential, recent advances in expansion protocols, their preclinical and clinical applications for several infectious diseases and malignancies, and how additional modulation could enhance their therapeutic potential.
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8
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Choi H, Lee Y, Park SA, Lee JH, Park J, Park JH, Lee HK, Kim TG, Jeun SS, Ahn S. Human allogenic γδ T cells kill patient-derived glioblastoma cells expressing high levels of DNAM-1 ligands. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2138152. [PMID: 36338147 PMCID: PMC9629076 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2138152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive transfer of γδ T cells is a novel immunotherapeutic approach to glioblastoma. Few recent studies have shown the efficacy of γδ T cells against glioblastoma, but no previous studies have identified the ligand-receptor interactions between γδ T cells and glioblastoma cells. Here, we identify those ligand-receptor interactions and provide a basis for using γδ T cells to treat glioblastoma. Vγ9Vδ2 T cells were generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy donors using artificial antigen presenting cells. MICA, ULBP, PVR and Nectin-2 expression in 10 patient-derived glioblastoma (PDG) cells were analyzed. The in vitro cytokine secretion from the γδ T cells and their cytotoxicity toward the PDG cells were also analyzed. The in vivo anti-tumor effects were evaluated using a U87 orthotopic xenograft glioblastoma model. Expression of ligands and cytotoxicity of the γδ T cells varied among the PDG cells. IFN-γ and Granzyme B secretion levels were significantly higher when γδ Tcells were co-cultured with high-susceptible PDG cells than when they were co-cultured with low-susceptible PDG cells. Cytotoxicity correlated significantly with the expression levels of DNAM-1 ligands of the PDG cells. Blocking DNAM-1 resulted in a decrease in γδ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion. Intratumoral injection of γδ T cells showed anti-tumor effects in an orthotopic mouse model. Allogenic γδ T cells showed potent anti-tumor effects on glioblastoma in a DNAM-1 axis dependent manner. Our findings will facilitate the development of clinical strategies using γδ T cells for glioblastoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeyoun Choi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunkyung Lee
- Catholic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon A Park
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Lee
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junseong Park
- Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hyun Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Kyu Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai-Gyu Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Catholic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin-Soo Jeun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Stephen Ahn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea,CONTACT Stephen Ahn Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpodae-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul06591, Republic of Korea
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Ex Vivo Expanded and Activated Natural Killer Cells Prolong the Overall Survival of Mice with Glioblastoma-like Cell-Derived Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189975. [PMID: 34576141 PMCID: PMC8472834 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the leading malignant intracranial tumor and is associated with a poor prognosis. Highly purified, activated natural killer (NK) cells, designated as genuine induced NK cells (GiNKs), represent a promising immunotherapy for GBM. We evaluated the anti-tumor effect of GiNKs in association with the programmed death 1(PD-1)/PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint pathway. We determined the level of PD-1 expression, a receptor known to down-regulate the immune response against malignancy, on GiNKs. PD-L1 expression on glioma cell lines (GBM-like cell line U87MG, and GBM cell line T98G) was also determined. To evaluate the anti-tumor activity of GiNKs in vivo, we used a xenograft model of subcutaneously implanted U87MG cells in immunocompromised NOG mice. The GiNKs expressed very low levels of PD-1. Although PD-L1 was expressed on U87MG and T98G cells, the expression levels were highly variable. Our xenograft model revealed that the retro-orbital administration of GiNKs and interleukin-2 (IL-2) prolonged the survival of NOG mice bearing subcutaneous U87MG-derived tumors. PD-1 blocking antibodies did not have an additive effect with GiNKs for prolonging survival. GiNKs may represent a promising cell-based immunotherapy for patients with GBM and are minimally affected by the PD-1/PD-L1 immune evasion axis in GBM.
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Rosso DA, Rosato M, Iturrizaga J, González N, Shiromizu CM, Keitelman IA, Coronel JV, Gómez FD, Amaral MM, Rabadan AT, Salamone GV, Jancic CC. Glioblastoma cells potentiate the induction of the Th1-like profile in phosphoantigen-stimulated γδ T lymphocytes. J Neurooncol 2021; 153:403-415. [PMID: 34125375 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-021-03787-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE γδ T lymphocytes are non-conventional T cells that participate in protective immunity and tumor surveillance. In healthy humans, the main subset of circulating γδ T cells express the TCRVγ9Vδ2. This subset responds to non-peptide prenyl-pyrophosphate antigens such as (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-enyl pyrophosphate (HMBPP). This unique feature of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells makes them a candidate for anti-tumor immunotherapy. In this study, we investigated the response of HMBPP-activated Vγ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes to glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells. METHODS Human purified γδ T cells were stimulated with HMBPP (1 µM) and incubated with GBM cells (U251, U373 and primary GBM cultures) or their conditioned medium. After overnight incubation, expression of CD69 and perforin was evaluated by flow cytometry and cytokines production by ELISA. As well, we performed a meta-analysis of transcriptomic data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. RESULTS HMBPP-stimulated γδ T cells cultured with GBM or its conditioned medium increased CD69, intracellular perforin, IFN-γ, and TNF-α production. A meta-analysis of transcriptomic data showed that GBM patients display better overall survival when mRNA TRGV9, the Vγ9 chain-encoding gene, was expressed in high levels. Moreover, its expression was higher in low-grade GBM compared to GBM. Interestingly, there was an association between γδ T cell infiltrates and TNF-α expression in the tumor microenvironment. CONCLUSION GBM cells enhanced Th1-like profile differentiation in phosphoantigen-stimulated γδ T cells. Our results reinforce data that have demonstrated the implication of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells in the control of GBM, and this knowledge is fundamental to the development of immunotherapeutic protocols to treat GBM based on γδ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Rosso
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental - CONICET - Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Micaela Rosato
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental - CONICET - Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Iturrizaga
- División Neurocirugía, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A Lanari, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nazareno González
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED) - Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina M Shiromizu
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental - CONICET - Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Irene A Keitelman
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental - CONICET - Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan V Coronel
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental - CONICET - Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando D Gómez
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatogenia, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María M Amaral
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatogenia, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandra T Rabadan
- División Neurocirugía, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A Lanari, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela V Salamone
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental - CONICET - Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina C Jancic
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental - CONICET - Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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11
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Different T-cell subsets in glioblastoma multiforme and targeted immunotherapy. Cancer Lett 2020; 496:134-143. [PMID: 33022290 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a brain tumor with a high mortality rate. Surgical resection combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the standard treatment for GBM patients, but the 5-year survival rate of patients despite this treatment is low. Immunotherapy has attracted increasing attention in recent years. As the pioneer and the main effector cells of immunotherapy, T cells play a key role in tumor immunotherapy. However, the T cells in GBM microenvironment are inhibited by the highly immunosuppressive environment of GBM, posing huge challenges to T cell-based GBM immunotherapy. This review summarizes the effects of the GBM microenvironment on the infiltration and function of different T-cell subsets and the possible strategies to overcome immunosuppression, and thus enhance the effectiveness of GBM immunotherapy.
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Abstract
γδT cells function in the regulation of T-cell activation in cancer and have been identified as a novel target for cancer immunotherapy. Activated γδT cells release a series of cytotoxic molecules-including granulysin, perforin, Fas/Fas ligand (Fas-L), and granzymes A and B-to kill target cells. Our previous research has shown that high mobility group nucleosomal-binding domain 2 (HMGN2), which is expressed at a high level in activated CD8T cells, is an antitumor effector molecule of CD8T cells. In the present study, we examined the expression and antitumor effects of HMGN2 in γδT cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from healthy donors with a PBMC separation column. PMBCs were stimulated with isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) for 10 days for activation and expansion. Activated γδT cells were isolated from IPP-pretreated PBMCs with a Moflo XDP flow cytometry sorter. The expression of HMGN2 in γδT cells was detected by flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The cytotoxic effects of γδT cells and HMGN2 were analyzed by carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester labeling. IPP combined with IL-2 induced significant activation and expansion of γδT cells in vitro. HMGN2 was constitutively expressed in γδT cells. IPP-activated γδT cells expressed a high level of HMGN2 that could be detected intracellularly and in the supernatant. Moreover, supernatants of purified γδT cells were sufficient to kill tumor cells and could be blocked with anti-human HMGN2 antibody. This study suggests that HMGN2 is an antitumor effector molecule of γδT cells.
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Ex vivo-expanded highly purified natural killer cells in combination with temozolomide induce antitumor effects in human glioblastoma cells in vitro. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212455. [PMID: 30840664 PMCID: PMC6402639 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the leading malignant glioma with a poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the antitumor effects of natural killer cells in combination with temozolomide as the standard chemotherapeutic agent for glioblastoma. Using a simple, feeder-less, and chemically defined culture method, we expanded human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and assessed the receptor expression, natural killer cell activity, and regulatory T cell frequency in expanded cells. Next, using the standard human glioblastoma cell lines (temozolomide-sensitive U87MG, temozolomide-resistant T98G, and LN-18), we assessed the ligand expressions of receptors on natural killer cells. Furthermore, the antitumor effects of the combination of the expanded natural killer cells and temozolomide were assessed using growth inhibition assays, apoptosis detection assays, and senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity assays in the glioblastoma cell lines. Novel culture systems were sufficient to attain highly purified (>98%), expanded (>440-fold) CD3−/CD56+ peripheral blood-derived natural killer cells. We designated the expanded population as genuine induced natural killer cells. Genuine induced natural killer cells exhibited a high natural killer activity and low regulatory T cell frequency compared with lymphokine-activated killer cells. Growth inhibition assays revealed that genuine induced natural killer cells inhibited the glioblastoma cell line growth but enhanced temozolomide-induced inhibition effects in U87MG. Apoptosis detection assays revealed that genuine induced natural killer cells induced apoptosis in the glioblastoma cell lines. Furthermore, senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity assays revealed that temozolomide induced senescence in U87MG. Genuine induced natural killer cells induce apoptosis in temozolomide-sensitive and temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma cells and enhances temozolomide-induced antitumor effects in different mechanisms. Hence, the combination of genuine induced natural killer cells and temozolomide may prove to be a promising immunochemotherapeutic approach in patients with glioblastoma if the antitumor effects in vivo can be demonstrated.
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Chen YQ, Zheng L, Aldarouish M, Zhou ZH, Pan N, Liu JQ, Chen FX, Wang LX. Wnt pathway activator TWS119 enhances the proliferation and cytolytic activity of human γδT cells against colon cancer. Exp Cell Res 2017; 362:63-71. [PMID: 29104081 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
γδT cells are a distinct T-cell subset that display unique characteristics regarding T-cell receptor gene usage, tissue tropism and antigen recognition. Adoptive γδT cell transfer therapy has recently been gaining importance as an efficient approach in cancer immunotherapy. However, exploiting γδT cell response for tumour immunotherapy is a challenge due to cell numbers, activities and differentiation states that minimize the clinical therapeutic effects. Previous studies have indicated that the wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway plays a crucial role in the differentiation, survival and enhancement of the immune response of T lymphocytes. In this study, we sought to evaluate whether the activation of the wnt/β-catenin pathway through inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) using 4,6-disubstituted pyrrolopyrimidine (TWS119) could be an efficient strategy to improve the proliferation, differentiation and cytolytic activity of γδT cells against colon cancer cells. Remarkably, we found that TWS119 significantly enhanced the proliferation and survival of γδT cells via activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, upregulation of the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and inhibition of cleaved caspase-3 in addition to the Wnt pathway. Our results also showed that enhancement of the cytolytic activity of γδT cells against human colon cancer cells by TWS119 was chiefly associated with upregulation of the expression of perforin and granzyme B in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, TWS119 can induce the expression of CD62L or CCR5 to generate a population of CD62L+γδT or CCR5+γδT cells in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggested that TWS119 could be a useful complementary agent for improving γδT cell-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiang Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China; Department of Central Laboratory, 97th Hospital of PLA, 226 Tongshang Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zheng
- Department of Central Laboratory, 97th Hospital of PLA, 226 Tongshang Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohanad Aldarouish
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Hai Zhou
- Department of Central Laboratory, 97th Hospital of PLA, 226 Tongshang Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Pan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Quan Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, 97th Hospital of PLA, 226 Tongshang Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Xing Chen
- Department of Central Laboratory, 97th Hospital of PLA, 226 Tongshang Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Xin Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China.
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Nadar RA, Margiotta N, Iafisco M, van den Beucken JJJP, Boerman OC, Leeuwenburgh SCG. Bisphosphonate-Functionalized Imaging Agents, Anti-Tumor Agents and Nanocarriers for Treatment of Bone Cancer. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28207199 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bone metastases result from the invasion of primary tumors to bone. Current treatment modalities include local treatments such as surgery and radiotherapy, while systemic treatments include chemotherapy and (palliative) treatment of skeletal metastases. Nevertheless, once bone metastases have been established they remain incurable leading to morbidity and mortality. Bisphosphonates are a well-established class of drugs, which are increasingly applied in the treatment of bone cancers owing to their effective inhibition of tumor cells and suppression of bone metastases. The increased understanding of the mechanism of action of bisphosphonates on bone and tumor cells has prompted the development of novel bisphosphonate-functionalized imaging and therapeutic agents. This review provides an update on the preclinical efficacy of bisphosphonate-functionalized fluorophore, anti-tumor agents and nanocarriers for the treatment of bone metastases. After an overview of the general characteristics of bisphosphonates and their mechanisms of action, an outline is provided on the various conjugation strategies that have become available to functionalize imaging agents, anti-tumor agents and nanocarriers with bisphosphonates. Finally, the efficacy of these bisphosphonate-modified agents and carriers in preclinical studies is evaluated by reviewing their potential to target tumors and inhibit tumor growth in clinically relevant animal models for the treatment of bone cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin A. Nadar
- Department of Biomaterials; Radboud University Medical Center; Philips van Leydenlaan 25 6525 EX Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Nicola Margiotta
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro; Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Michele Iafisco
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC); National Research Council (CNR); Via Granarolo 64 48018 Faenza Italy
| | | | - Otto C. Boerman
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Radboud University Medical Center; Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10 6525 AG Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Sander C. G. Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Biomaterials; Radboud University Medical Center; Philips van Leydenlaan 25 6525 EX Nijmegen The Netherlands
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