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The Role of Physical Education in Preventing Unhealthy Lifestyles in Immigrant Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116889. [PMID: 35682480 PMCID: PMC9180895 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, migratory phenomena have changed the composition of Spanish society. There are many studies that explore the healthy habits of young adolescents, but few focus on young immigrants. The purpose of this study is to examine the causal relationships between certain factors that influence the health of immigrant youth and sports. The sample consisted of 173 students enrolled in secondary education in the city of Cuenca. The structural model confirms the relationship between the latent variables and sports. Specifically, we obtained a positive influence of an active lifestyle (regular physical activity and exercise) and a negative influence for the remaining variables (alcohol consumption, unhealthy foods, self-medication and tobacco consumption in the family). Physical education should promote healthy lifestyles; greater coordination between physical education and other subjects involved in education and the promotion of health are necessary because we consider that this task is not exclusive to physical education.
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Associations between the School Environment and Physical Activity Pattern during School Time in Swedish Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph181910239. [PMID: 34639539 PMCID: PMC8507782 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge about associations between school-based initiatives and physical activity patterns is limited. The purpose of this paper was to examine associations between factors in the school environment, physical activity and sedentary time during school time. The cross-sectional study included 1139 adolescents aged 13–14 from 34 schools. Physical activity and sedentary time were measured using hip-worn accelerometers. Factors in the school environment included health policy, a mobile phone ban during breaks, organized physical activities during breaks and activity breaks during lessons reported by teachers. The frequency and duration of breaks and physical education (PE) lessons were collected from school schedules. The results showed significant associations between health policy (β = 3.87, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.37, 5.23), the mobile phone ban (β = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.29, 3.94) and PE; total duration (β = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.11), average duration (β = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.13) and frequency (β = 1.73, 95% CI: 0.50, 3.04) and moderate-vigorous physical activity. There were negative associations between health policy (β = −6.41, 95% CI: −10.24, −2.67), the mobile phone ban (β = −3.75, 95% CI: −7.25, −0.77) and PE; total duration (β = −0.15, 95% CI: −0.23, −0.08) and average duration (β = −0.14, 95% CI: −0.27, −0.03) and time spent sedentary. Adolescents attending schools with health policies, mobile phone bans and more time for PE showed higher levels of physical activity and lower sedentary time.
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Amornsriwatanakul A, Lester L, Rosenberg M, Bull F. School policies and practices associated with Thai children's overall and domain specific physical activity. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245906. [PMID: 33481937 PMCID: PMC7822510 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
School has a significant role in providing opportunities for children to engage in physical activity (PA) through policies and practices. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of school policies and practices related to physical activity (PA) and their association with Thai students’ overall and domain specific PA. This cross-sectional analysis included 5,830 students aged 6–17 years from 136 schools recruited though a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling across Thailand. Student’s PA data were assessed using a student survey and school data were collected by a principal survey. Associations between students’ PA and school variables were examined using logistic regressions. Despite a high prevalence of Thai schools reporting many policies and practices promoting PA in different areas, students reported low levels of PA. None of the school PA policies and practices was associated with students’ overall and domain specific activities, with active transport as the one exception. When schools had an active transport policy, students were 40% (OR = 1.40, p = 0.01) more likely to travel actively to/from school. The identified positive relationship between school active transport policy and students’ active travel behavior suggests a potential wider adoption of the policy promoting school active transport aiming to increase student’s PA levels among all Thai schools. Intervention studies are necessary to confirm this finding. Our study also reflected that, for greater levels of children’s school-based PA, strategies to translate the existing school PA policies into effective implementation should be an emphasis for Thai schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areekul Amornsriwatanakul
- College of Sports Science and Technology, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Leanne Lester
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth, Australia
| | - Michael Rosenberg
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth, Australia
| | - Fiona Bull
- Centre for Built Environment and Health, School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth, Australia
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The associations of specific school- and individual-level characteristics with obesity among primary school children in Beijing, China. Public Health Nutr 2020; 23:1838-1845. [PMID: 32279683 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019004592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the associations between school-level characteristics and obesity among Chinese primary school children with consideration of individual-level characteristics. DESIGN This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015/2016. School-level characteristics were assessed using an interviewer-administered school questionnaire, and a 'school-based obesity prevention index' was further developed. Individual-level characteristics were collected by self-administered questionnaires. Objectively measured height and weight of students were collected, and obesity status was classified according to the International Obesity Task Force criteria for Asian children. Generalised linear mixed models were used to estimate the associations among the school- and individual-level characteristics and obesity of students. SETTING Thirty-seven primary schools from an urban and a rural district of Beijing, China. PARTICIPANTS School staffs, 2201 students and their parents. RESULTS The school-based obesity prevention index involved the number of health professionals, availability of students' health records, monitoring students' nutrition status, frequency of health education activities, reporting achievements of obesity prevention activities to parents, duration of physical activity during school time and availability of playground equipment. The prevalence of obesity was lower in schools with the higher index value compared with that in schools with the lower index value (OR 0·56; 95 % CI 0·40, 0·79). Some individual-level characteristics were negatively associated with childhood obesity: liking sports, duration of screen time ≤2 h/d, perceived lower eating speed, parental non-overweight/obesity. CONCLUSIONS Irrespective of individual-level characteristics, the specific school-level characteristics had a cumulative effect on obesity among Chinese primary school children. Further school-based obesity intervention should consider these characteristics simultaneously.
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Méndez I, Ruiz-Esteban C, Ortega E. Impact of the Physical Activity on Bullying. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1520. [PMID: 31312164 PMCID: PMC6614442 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Relationship problems among school children can lead to bullying situations. In this regard, it should be noted that, among healthy lifestyle habits, sports practice (non-competitive) promotes responsibility and improves coexistence. The objective of the present study was to analyze the incidence of the frequency of practice of healthy physical activity on the risks of students directly involved in school bullying (harasser and victim) by gender. The participants of the study were 1,248 students of Compulsory Secondary Education with ages between 11 and 18 (M = 14.42, SD = 1.43), being 50.8% males. The results of the study indicated that students who practiced physical activity in the recommended frequency rated as healthy, at least four or more times per week, had higher values in the indicators of aggressiveness than students who practiced with a lower frequency, appreciating a greater relationship between both variables in male rather than in female students. The study will make progress in preventive and intervention programs whose central axis is the promotion of physical activity and healthy sport (non-competitive) among students involved in situations of bullying. Likewise, teacher training in the recognition of bullying is considered a priority, providing them with guidelines for action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Méndez
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Education, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Cecilia Ruiz-Esteban
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Education, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Enrique Ortega
- Department of Physical Activity and Sports, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Abstract
Mental toughness in endurance athletes, while an important factor for success, has been scarcely studied. An online survey was used to examine eight mental toughness factors in endurance athletes. The study aim was to determine mental toughness profiles via latent profile analysis in endurance athletes and whether associations exist between the latent profiles and demographics and sports characteristics. Endurance athletes >18 years of age were recruited via social media outlets (n = 1245, 53% female). Mental toughness was measured using the Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ), Psychological Performance Inventory-Alternative (PPI-A), and self-esteem was measured using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE). A three-class solution emerged, designated as high mental toughness (High MT), moderate mental toughness (Moderate MT) and low mental toughness (Low MT). ANOVA tests showed significant differences between all three classes on all 8 factors derived from the SMTQ, PPI-A and the RSE. There was an increased odds of being in the High MT class compared to the Low MT class for males (OR = 1.99; 95% CI, 1.39, 2.83; P<0.001), athletes who were over 55 compared to those who were 18–34 (OR = 2.52; 95% CI, 1.37, 4.62; P<0.01), high sports satisfaction (OR = 8.17; 95% CI, 5.63, 11.87; P<0.001), and high division placement (OR = 2.18; 95% CI, 1.46,3.26; P<0.001). The data showed that mental toughness latent profiles exist in endurance athletes. High MT is associated with demographics and sports characteristics. Mental toughness screening in athletes may help direct practitioners with mental skills training.
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Gourlan M, Takito M, Lambert C, Fregeac B, Alméras N, Coste O, Pereira B, Cousson-Gélie F. Impact and Moderating Variables of an Intervention Promoting Physical Activity Among Children: Results From a Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY OF COMMUNITY HEALTH EDUCATION 2018; 38:195-203. [PMID: 29325497 DOI: 10.1177/0272684x17749563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This pilot study pursued three objectives: to assess the effect of a 1-month multilevel intervention on the PA of children, to assess the impact of the intervention on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) variables, and to evaluate the extent to which the impact of the intervention on PA and TPB variables varied according to personal (i.e., gender and age) and situational (i.e., class and school) moderating variables. Children were aged 7 to 11 years ( n = 306). Analyses revealed a significant increase of PA practice and TPB variables ( ps < .001). Age (i.e., being a younger child) was associated with a higher increase on attitude and perceived control ( ps < .01). The class or the school levels explained a meaningful variance in the evolution of PA or TPB variables (intraclass correlation coefficients > .10). The present study reports the interest and feasibility of a multilevel intervention to increase PA and TPB variables in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Gourlan
- 1 Epidaure, Prevention Department of the Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Monica Takito
- 2 School of Physical Education and Sport University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Céline Lambert
- 3 Biostatistics Unit (Délégation Recherche Clinique et Innovation), Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Fregeac
- 4 Academic Resource Center of Hérault Dedicated to Health Promotion, Montpellier, France
| | - Natalie Alméras
- 5 Institut universitaire de cardiologie et pneumologie de QuébecUniversité Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,6 Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, UniversitÕ Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Coste
- 7 Regional Direction of Youth, Sports and Social Cohesion (DRJSCS) Occitanie, Montpellier, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- 3 Biostatistics Unit (Délégation Recherche Clinique et Innovation), Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Florence Cousson-Gélie
- 1 Epidaure, Prevention Department of the Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,8 Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Univ. Montpellier, EPSYLON EA 4556, F34000, Montpellier, France
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El Ansari W, Suominen S, Draper S. Correlates of Achieving the Guidelines of Four Forms of Physical Activity, and the Relationship between Guidelines Achievement and Academic Performance: Undergraduate Students in Finland. Cent Eur J Public Health 2017; 25:87-95. [DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a4387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ruiz-Trasserra A, Pérez A, Continente X, O'Brien K, Bartroli M, Teixidó-Compaño E, Espelt A. Patterns of physical activity and associated factors among teenagers from Barcelona (Spain) in 2012. GACETA SANITARIA 2017; 31:485-491. [PMID: 28062128 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA), as defined by the World Health Organisation (WHO), and associated factors among teenagers from Barcelona in 2012. METHODS Cross-sectional survey to assess risk factors in a representative sample of secondary school students (aged 13-16 years, International Standard Classification of Education [ISCED] 2, n=2,162; and 17-18 years, ISCED 3, n=1016) in Barcelona. We estimated MVPA prevalence overall, and for each independent variable and each gender. Poisson regression models with robust variance were fit to examine the factors associated with high-level MVPA, and obtained prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS Only 13% of ISCED 2 and 10% of ISCED 3 students met the WHO physical activity recommendations. This percentage was lower among girls at both academic levels. MVPA was lower among ISCED 3 compared to ISCED 2 students, and among students with a lower socioeconomic status. Physical activity was associated with positive self-perception of the health status (e.g., positive self-perception of health status among ISCED 2 compared to ISCED 3 students: PR=1.31 [95%CI: 1.22-1.41] and 1.61 [95%CI: 1.44-1.81] for boys and girls, respectively]. CONCLUSIONS The percentage of teenagers who met WHO MVPA recommendations was low. Strategies are needed to increase MVPA levels, particularly in older girls, and students from low socioeconomic backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Ruiz-Trasserra
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Pérez
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Xavier Continente
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Kerry O'Brien
- Behavioural Studies, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Montse Bartroli
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Teixidó-Compaño
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Espelt
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
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Morton KL, Atkin AJ, Corder K, Suhrcke M, van Sluijs EMF. The school environment and adolescent physical activity and sedentary behaviour: a mixed-studies systematic review. Obes Rev 2016; 17:142-58. [PMID: 26680609 PMCID: PMC4914929 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing academic and policy interest in interventions aiming to promote young people's health by ensuring that the school environment supports healthy behaviours. The purpose of this review was to summarize the current evidence on school-based policy, physical and social-environmental influences on adolescent physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Electronic databases were searched to identify studies that (1) involved healthy adolescents (11-18 years old), (2) investigated school-environmental influences and (3) reported a physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour outcome or theme. Findings were synthesized using a non-quantitative synthesis and thematic analysis. Ninety-three papers of mixed methodological quality were included. A range of school-based policy (e.g. break time length), physical (e.g. facilities) and social-environmental (e.g. teacher behaviours) factors were associated with adolescent physical activity, with limited research on sedentary behaviour. The mixed-studies synthesis revealed the importance of specific activity settings (type and location) and intramural sport opportunities for all students. Important physical education-related factors were a mastery-oriented motivational climate and autonomy supportive teaching behaviours. Qualitative evidence highlighted the influence of the wider school climate and shed light on complexities of the associations observed in the quantitative literature. This review identifies future research needs and discusses potential intervention approaches to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Morton
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A J Atkin
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - K Corder
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M Suhrcke
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
| | - E M F van Sluijs
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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El Ansari W, Stock C. Relationship between attainment of recommended physical activity guidelines and academic achievement: undergraduate students in Egypt. Glob J Health Sci 2014; 6:274-83. [PMID: 25169005 PMCID: PMC4825532 DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v6n5p274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We assessed and compared by gender, students' achievement of recommended guidelines of four PA forms, and the association between guideline achievement of each of the four PA forms and students' academic performance. METHODS Data (2009-2010) comprised 3,271 students (11 faculties) at Assiut University, Egypt. A self-administered questionnaire measured: moderate PA (MPA), vigorous PA (VPA), moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), muscle-strengthening PA; five socio-demographic variables (gender, age, year of study, father's education, living arrangements during semester); self-rated health; and, academic performance. We compared the levels of four PA forms, socio-demographic variables, and academic performance by gender. Binary logistic regression examined the factors associated with achieving the guidelines of the four PA forms. Linear regression examined the association between frequency of four PA forms and level of academic performance. RESULTS Nearly equal proportions of males and females (37%, 36%) achieved the MPA guidelines. Significantly more males achieved the VPA, MVPA, and muscle strengthening PA guidelines. Father's education was positively associated with achieving all four PA guidelines (with each increasing educational achievement of the father, student's odds of achieving PA guidelines increased by 7-9%). Students living with their parents or room mates off campus were more likely to achieve the VPA and MVPA guidelines. Students who achieved VPA and MVPA guidelines were more likely to report better academic performance. For all PA forms (except MPA), increasing academic achievement was positively associated with increasing frequency of PA, but standardised Beta (0.05-0.07) suggested a modest correlation between academic achievement and PA frequency. CONCLUSION The linear association between frequency of PA and academic achievement, and the finding that the proportions of students who achieved the recommended levels of several forms of PA were below half of the sample call for higher engagement of universities in fostering PA and active lifestyle among students.
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