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Nasb M, Li F, Dayoub L, Wu T, Wei M, Chen N. Bridging the gap: Integrating exercise mimicry into chronic disease management through suppressing chronic inflammation. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00176-0. [PMID: 38704088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation is a common hallmark of many chronic diseases. Although exercise holds paramount importance in preventing and managing chronic diseases, adherence to exercise programs can be challenging for some patients. Consequently, there is a pressing need to explore alternative strategies to emulate the anti-inflammatory effects of exercise for chronic diseases. AIM OF REVIEW This review explores the emerging role of green tea bioactive components as potential mitigators of chronic inflammation, offering insights into their capacity to mimic the beneficial effects of exercise. We propose that bioactive components in green tea are promising agents for suppressing chronic inflammation, suggesting their unique capability to replicate the health benefits of exercise. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review focuses on several key concepts, including chronic inflammation and its role in chronic diseases, the anti-inflammatory effects of regular exercise, and bioactive components in green tea responsible for its health benefits. It elaborates on scientific evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory properties of green tea bioactive components, such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and theorizes how these bioactive components might replicate the effects of exercise at a molecular level. Through a comprehensive analysis of current research, this review proposes a novel perspective on the application of green tea as a potential intervention strategy to suppress chronic inflammation, thereby extending the benefits akin to those achieved through exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nasb
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Fengxing Li
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Lamis Dayoub
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Minhui Wei
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Ning Chen
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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Piazza S, Martinelli G, Fumagalli M, Pozzoli C, Maranta N, Giavarini F, Colombo L, Nicotra G, Vicentini SF, Genova F, De Fabiani E, Sangiovanni E, Dell'Agli M. Ellagitannins from Castanea sativa Mill. Leaf Extracts Impair H. pylori Viability and Infection-Induced Inflammation in Human Gastric Epithelial Cells. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061504. [PMID: 36986236 PMCID: PMC10056456 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an etiologic factor of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. Virulent strains of H. pylori are correlated with the severity of gastritis, due to NF-κB activation and IL-8 expression at the epithelial level. Ellagitannins have been documented for antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, thus suggesting their potential use in gastritis. Recently, several authors, including our group, demonstrated that tannin-rich extracts from chestnut byproducts, at present considered agricultural waste, display promising biological activities. In this work, we detected high levels of polyphenols in hydroalcoholic extracts from chestnut leaves (Castanea sativa L.). Among polyphenols, the ellagitannin isomers castalagin and vescalagin (about 1% w/w of dry extract) were identified as potential bioactive compounds. In GES-1 cells infected by H. pylori, leaf extract and pure ellagitannins inhibited IL-8 release (IC50 ≈ 28 µg/mL and 11 µM, respectively). Mechanistically, the anti-inflammatory activity was partly due to attenuation of NF-κB signaling. Moreover, the extract and pure ellagitannins reduced bacterial growth and cell adhesion. A simulation of the gastric digestion suggested that the bioactivity might be maintained after oral administration. At the transcriptional level, castalagin downregulated genes involved in inflammatory pathways (NF-κB and AP-1) and cell migration (Rho GTPase). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first investigation in which ellagitannins from plant extracts have demonstrated a potential role in the interaction among H. pylori and human gastric epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Piazza
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Martinelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Carola Pozzoli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicole Maranta
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Flavio Giavarini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Colombo
- Consorzio Castanicoltori di Brinzio, Orino e Castello Cabiaglio, Società Cooperativa Agricola-Varese, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesca Genova
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Emma De Fabiani
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Sangiovanni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Dell'Agli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Bella YF, Oliveira CR, Mateus-Silva JR, Brandao-Rangel MAR, Silva-Reis A, Santos JDMB, Albertini R, Lopes-Martins RAB, de Oliveira LVF, Vieira RP. A phytotherapic blend immunity-6™ inhibits myeloid leukemic cells 2 activation involving purinergic signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114263. [PMID: 36652732 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is among the most common types of hematological cancers and the use of herbal medicines to prevent and treat leukemia are under quick development. Among several molecular pathways involved in leukemia pathogenesis and exacerbations, purinergic signaling is revealed as a key component. In the present study, the effects of two doses (5 ug/mL and 10 ug/mL) of Immunity-6™, a phytocomplex composed by beta-glucan, green tea (Camelia sinensis), chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) was tested in vitro, using chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line (K-562; 5 ×104/mL/well), which were challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 1 ug/mL) for 24 h. The results demonstrated that both doses of Immunity-6™ inhibited ATP release (p < 0.001) and P2×7 receptor at mRNA levels expression (p < 0.001). Purinergic inhibition by Immunity-6™ was followed by reduced release of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1beta (p < 0.001) and IL-6 (p < 0.001), while only 5 ug/mL of Immunity-6™ reduced the release of TNF-alpha (p < 0.001). Beyond to inhibit the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, both doses of Immunity-6™ induced the release of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (p < 0.001), while only the higher dose (10 ug/mL) of Immunity-6™ induced the release of anti-inflammatory IL-1ra (p < 0.05) and klotho (p < 0.001). Thus, Immunity-6™ may be a promising adjuvant in the treatment of leukemia and further clinical trials are guaranteed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanesko Fernandes Bella
- Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Post-graduate Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Avenida Ana Costa 95, Santos- SP 11060-001, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rocha Oliveira
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rua Talim 330, São José dos Campos, SP 12231-280, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Mateus-Silva
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rua Talim 330, São José dos Campos, SP 12231-280, Brazil
| | - Maysa Alves Rodrigues Brandao-Rangel
- Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Post-graduate Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Avenida Ana Costa 95, Santos- SP 11060-001, Brazil
| | - Anamei Silva-Reis
- Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Post-graduate Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Avenida Ana Costa 95, Santos- SP 11060-001, Brazil
| | - Juliana de Melo Batista Santos
- Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Post-graduate Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Avenida Ana Costa 95, Santos- SP 11060-001, Brazil
| | - Regiane Albertini
- Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Post-graduate Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Avenida Ana Costa 95, Santos- SP 11060-001, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Alvaro Brandao Lopes-Martins
- Unievangelica, Post-graduate Program in Human Movement and Rehabilitation and in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Avenida Universitária Km 3,5, Anápolis, GP 75083-515, Brazil
| | - Luis Vicente Franco de Oliveira
- Unievangelica, Post-graduate Program in Human Movement and Rehabilitation and in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Avenida Universitária Km 3,5, Anápolis, GP 75083-515, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo P Vieira
- Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Post-graduate Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Avenida Ana Costa 95, Santos- SP 11060-001, Brazil; Unievangelica, Post-graduate Program in Human Movement and Rehabilitation and in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Avenida Universitária Km 3,5, Anápolis, GP 75083-515, Brazil; Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology, Rua Pedro Ernesto 240, São José dos Campos, SP 12245-520, Brazil; Universidade Brasil, Post-graduate Program in Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering, Rua Carolina Fonseca 235, São Paulo, SP 08230-030, Brazil.
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Prajapati SK, Malaiya A, Mishra G, Jain D, Kesharwani P, Mody N, Ahmadi A, Paliwal R, Jain A. An exhaustive comprehension of the role of herbal medicines in Pre- and Post-COVID manifestations. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 296:115420. [PMID: 35654349 PMCID: PMC9150915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has relentlessly spread all over the world even after the advent of vaccines. It demands management, treatment, and prevention as well with utmost safety and effectiveness. It is well researched that herbal medicines or natural products have shown promising outcomes to strengthen immunity with antiviral potential against SARS-COV-2. AIM OF THE REVIEW Our objective is to provide a comprehensive insight into the preventive and therapeutic effects of herbal medicines and products (Ayurvedic) for pre-and post-COVID manifestations. MATERIAL AND METHOD The database used in the text is collected and compiled from Scopus, PubMed, Nature, Elsevier, Web of Science, bioRxiv, medRxiv, American Chemical Society, and clinicaltrials.gov up to January 2022. Articles from non-academic sources such as websites and news were also retrieved. Exploration of the studies was executed to recognize supplementary publications of research studies and systematic reviews. The keywords, such as "SARS-COV-2, coronavirus, COVID-19, herbal drugs, immunity, herbal immunomodulators, infection, herbal antiviral drugs, and WHO recommendation" were thoroughly searched. Chemical structures were drawn using the software Chemdraw Professional 15.0.0.160 (PerkinElmer Informatics, Inc.). RESULT A plethora of literature supports that the use of herbal regimens not only strengthen immunity but can also treat SARS-COV-2 infection with minimal side effects. This review summarizes the mechanistic insights into herbal therapy engaging interferons and antibodies to boost the response against SARS-COV-2 infection, several clinical trials, and in silico studies (computational approaches) on selected natural products including, Ashwagandha, Guduchi, Yashtimadhu, Tulsi, etc. as preventive and therapeutic measures against COVID. We have also emphasized the exploitation of herbal medicine-based pharmaceutical products along with perspectives for unseen upcoming alike diseases. CONCLUSION According to the current state of art and cutting-edge research on herbal medicines have showed a significant promise as modern COVID tools. Since vaccination cannot be purported as a long-term cure for viral infections, herbal/natural medicines can only be considered a viable alternative to current remedies, as conceived from our collected data to unroot recurring viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Kumar Prajapati
- Institute of Pharmacy, Ram-Eesh Institute of Vocational and Technical Education, Greater Noida, 201310, UP, India
| | - Akanksha Malaiya
- Nanomedicine and Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, 484886, MP, India
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Dolly Jain
- Department of Pharmacy, Oriental University, Indore, 453555, Madhya Pradesh, India; Adina College of Pharmacy, Sagar, 470002, MP, India
| | - Payal Kesharwani
- Institute of Pharmacy, Ram-Eesh Institute of Vocational and Technical Education, Greater Noida, 201310, UP, India
| | - Nishi Mody
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, 470003, MP, India
| | - Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 48175866, Iran
| | - Rishi Paliwal
- Nanomedicine and Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, 484886, MP, India
| | - Ankit Jain
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, Karnataka, India.
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Wang J, Wei L, Liu C, Wang L, Zheng W, Liu S, Yan L, Zheng L. Taurine Treatment Alleviates Intestinal Mucositis Induced by 5-Fluorouracil in Mice. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 77:399-404. [PMID: 35788942 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-022-00980-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Taurine (Tau), a β-amino acid, exists in red goji fruit (Lycium barbarum L.). It exerts many cellular physiological functions such as anti-inflammation and oxidation resistance. The chemotherapy drug 5-fluorouracil (5FU) can cause intestinal mucositis. However, current therapeutic approaches for mucositis have limited efficacy and are associated with various side effects. It is still unknown whether Tau can alleviate intestinal mucositis. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of the Tau in a mucositis mouse model and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. The intestinal mucositis symptoms were alleviated by the Tau administration as evidenced by decreased body weight loss, histopathological score, oxidative stress, and improved glutathione (GSH). The Tau supplementation strengthened intestinal epithelial tight junction and reduced serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in intestinal mucositis mice. Moreover, the 5FU-induced inflammatory responses were alleviated by Tau treatment via the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) and nuclear factor kappa-B/inducible nitric oxide synthase (NF-κB/iNOS) signaling pathway. Tau administration modulated short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the colon of mice. The results indicated that the Tau might be a new dietary strategy for intestinal mucositis caused by 5FU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, China
| | - Liyang Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, China
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, 100176, Beijing, China
| | - Changhong Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, China
| | - Wenxiu Zheng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, China
| | - Ling Yan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, China.
| | - Lei Zheng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, China.
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6
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Ye Y, Warusawitharana H, Zhao H, Liu Z, Li B, Wu Y, He P, Tu Y. Tea Polyphenols Attenuates Inflammation via Reducing Lipopolysaccharides Level and Inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB Pathway in Obese Mice. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 77:105-111. [PMID: 35138518 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-021-00937-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic and increases the risk of metabolic syndrome through chronic inflammation. Tea polyphenols (TP), the major functional component of tea, has shown preventive effects on obesity and obesity-related disease, but the underlying mechanism is complicated and remains obscure. The present study was aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammation effect of TP in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Results showed that TP reduced obesity-induced inflammation and systemic lipopolysaccharides (LPS) level. The decrease of LPS level in circulation was followed by the downregulation of LPS specific receptor, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and its co-receptor cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) and adaptor protein differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) in hepatic and adipose tissues. That further inhibited the activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly decreased by TP in HFD-fed mice. TP also maintained the intestinal barrier integrity by increasing intestinal tight junction proteins and reversed gut dysbiosis in obese mice. These results suggested that TP attenuated obesity-induced inflammation by reducing systemic LPS level and inhibiting LPS-activated TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushan Ye
- Department of Tea Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Hasitha Warusawitharana
- Department of Tea Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Hangye Zhao
- Department of Tea Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Tea Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Department of Tea Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Puming He
- Department of Tea Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
| | - Youying Tu
- Department of Tea Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
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Hanada A, Morimoto R, Horio Y, Shichiri M, Nakashima A, Ogawa T, Suzuki K, Sumitani H, Ogata T, Isegawa Y. Influenza virus entry and replication inhibited by 8-prenylnaringenin from Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (wild watermelon). Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:926-935. [PMID: 35282012 PMCID: PMC8907720 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated the anti-influenza activity of Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (wild watermelon, WWM); however, the active ingredient was unknown. Here, we performed metabolomic analysis to evaluate the ingredients of WWM associated with antiviral activity. Many low-molecular weight compounds were identified, with flavonoids accounting for 35% of all the compounds in WWM juice. Prenylated flavonoids accounted for 30% of the flavonoids. Among the measurable components of phytoestrogens in WWM juice, 8-prenylnaringenin showed the highest antiviral activity. We synthesized 8-prenylnaringenin and used liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to quantitate the active ingredient in WWM. The antiviral activities of 8-prenylnaringenin were observed against H1N1 and H3N2 influenza A subtypes and influenza B viruses. Moreover, 8-prenylnaringenin was found to inhibit virus adsorption and late-stage virus replication, suggesting that the mechanisms of action of 8-prenylnaringenin may differ from those of amantadine and oseltamivir. We confirmed that 8-prenylnaringenin strongly inhibited the viral entry of all the influenza virus strains that were examined, including those resistant to the anti-influenza drugs oseltamivir and amantadine. This result indicates that 8-prenylnaringenin may activate the host cell's defense mechanisms, rather than directly acting on the influenza virus. Since 8-prenylnaringenin did not inhibit late-stage virus replication of oseltamivir-resistant strains, 8-prenylnaringenin may interact directly with viral neuraminidase. These results are the first report on the anti-influenza virus activity of 8-prenylnaringenin. Our results highlight the potential of WWM and phytoestrogens to develop effective prophylactic and therapeutic approaches to the influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akari Hanada
- Department of Food Sciences and NutritionMukogawa Women’s UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
| | - Ryosuke Morimoto
- Department of Food Sciences and NutritionMukogawa Women’s UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
- Present address:
Faculty of Human Life ScienceShikoku UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Yuka Horio
- Department of Food Sciences and NutritionMukogawa Women’s UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
| | - Mototada Shichiri
- Biomedical Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)IkedaJapan
| | | | | | | | | | - Tokutaro Ogata
- Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesHokuriku UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Yuji Isegawa
- Department of Food Sciences and NutritionMukogawa Women’s UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
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8
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Xu J, Guo S, Li X, Jiang S, Zhong X, Zheng Z. Gel properties of transglutaminase-induced soy protein isolate-polyphenol complex: influence of epigallocatechin-3-gallate. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:3870-3879. [PMID: 33336789 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional soy protein isolate (SPI)-based gel products, such as tofu, are generally produced by heating and by addition of metal salt ions to adjust the hydrophobicity and electrostatic force of soybean protein to facilitate the formation of a uniform network structure. However, the gelation rate of the soy protein gel network structure is difficult to control. Theoretically, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) could be used to alter the surface hydrophobicity of thermally induced SPI to improve its gelation rate and form a more uniform network structure, thus improving SPI-based gel properties (hardness, water holding capacity and rheological properties). RESULTS An SPI-EGCG complex (SPIE) was prepared, and properties of the resulting gel, following induction of transglutaminase (TG), were evaluated. Results showed that EGCG is bound to thermally induced SPI primarily via hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding, thus altering the secondary structure composition and reducing surface hydrophobicity of proteins in thermally induced SPI. Furthermore, the optimum amount of EGCG required to improve the gel strength, water holding capacity and rheological properties was ≤0.04:1 (SPI 1 g L-1 ; EGCG:SPI, w/w). Thermal stability analysis further indicated that EGCG in SPIE was more stable than free EGCG after heating. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that EGCG can improve the gel properties of TG-crosslinked SPIE, while EGCG in SPIE exhibits enhanced thermal stability. Additionally, the results of this study provide a novel strategy for the development of SPI-based gel foods with improved gel properties and that are enriched with bioactive compounds. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Siyan Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Xingjiang Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Shaotong Jiang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Xiyang Zhong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
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9
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Noce A, Di Lauro M, Di Daniele F, Pietroboni Zaitseva A, Marrone G, Borboni P, Di Daniele N. Natural Bioactive Compounds Useful in Clinical Management of Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020630. [PMID: 33669163 PMCID: PMC7919668 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clinical manifestation characterized by a plethora of comorbidities, including hyperglycemia, abdominal obesity, arterial hypertension, and dyslipidemia. All MetS comorbidities participate to induce a low-grade inflammation state and oxidative stress, typical of this syndrome. MetS is related to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and early death, with an important impact on health-care costs. For its clinic management a poly-pharmaceutical therapy is often required, but this can cause side effects and reduce the patient's compliance. For this reason, finding a valid and alternative therapeutic strategy, natural and free of side effects, could represent a useful tool in the fight the MetS. In this context, the use of functional foods, and the assumption of natural bioactive compounds (NBCs), could exert beneficial effects on body weight, blood pressure and glucose metabolism control, on endothelial damage, on the improvement of lipid profile, on the inflammatory state, and on oxidative stress. This review focuses on the possible beneficial role of NBCs in the prevention and in the clinical management of MetS and its comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Noce
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.D.L.); (F.D.D.); (A.P.Z.); (N.D.D.)
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (G.M.); Tel. + 39-06-2090-2194 (A.N.); +39-06-2090-2191 (G.M.)
| | - Manuela Di Lauro
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.D.L.); (F.D.D.); (A.P.Z.); (N.D.D.)
| | - Francesca Di Daniele
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.D.L.); (F.D.D.); (A.P.Z.); (N.D.D.)
- PhD School of Applied Medical, Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Pietroboni Zaitseva
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.D.L.); (F.D.D.); (A.P.Z.); (N.D.D.)
| | - Giulia Marrone
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.D.L.); (F.D.D.); (A.P.Z.); (N.D.D.)
- PhD School of Applied Medical, Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (G.M.); Tel. + 39-06-2090-2194 (A.N.); +39-06-2090-2191 (G.M.)
| | - Patrizia Borboni
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.D.L.); (F.D.D.); (A.P.Z.); (N.D.D.)
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10
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Tallei TE, Tumilaar SG, Niode NJ, Fatimawali, Kepel BJ, Idroes R, Effendi Y, Sakib SA, Emran TB. Potential of Plant Bioactive Compounds as SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (M pro) and Spike (S) Glycoprotein Inhibitors: A Molecular Docking Study. SCIENTIFICA 2020; 2020:6307457. [PMID: 33425427 PMCID: PMC7773461 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6307457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 19) pandemic, researchers have been trying to investigate several active compounds found in plants that have the potential to inhibit the proliferation of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). The present study aimed to evaluate bioactive compounds found in plants using a molecular docking approach to inhibit the main protease (Mpro) and spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. The evaluation was performed on the docking scores calculated using AutoDock Vina (AV) as a docking engine. A rule of five (Ro5) was calculated to determine whether a compound meets the criteria as an active drug orally in humans. The determination of the docking score was performed by selecting the best conformation of the protein-ligand complex that had the highest affinity (most negative Gibbs' free energy of binding/ΔG). As a comparison, nelfinavir (an antiretroviral drug), chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine sulfate (antimalarial drugs recommended by the FDA as emergency drugs) were used. The results showed that hesperidin, nabiximols, pectolinarin, epigallocatechin gallate, and rhoifolin had better poses than nelfinavir, chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine sulfate as spike glycoprotein inhibitors. Hesperidin, rhoifolin, pectolinarin, and nabiximols had about the same pose as nelfinavir but were better than chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine sulfate as Mpro inhibitors. This finding implied that several natural compounds of plants evaluated in this study showed better binding free energy compared to nelfinavir, chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine sulfate, which so far are recommended in the treatment of COVID-19. From quantum chemical DFT calculations, the ascending order of chemical reactivity of selected compounds was pectolinarin > hesperidin > rhoifolin > morin > epigallocatechin gallate. All isolated compounds' C=O regions are preferable for an electrophilic attack, and O-H regions are suitable for a nucleophilic attack. Furthermore, Homo-Lumo and global descriptor values indicated a satisfactory remarkable profile for the selected compounds. As judged by the RO5 and previous study by others, the compounds kaempferol, herbacetin, eugenol, and 6-shogaol have good oral bioavailability, so they are also seen as promising candidates for the development of drugs to treat infections caused by SARS-CoV-2. The present study identified plant-based compounds that can be further investigated in vitro and in vivo as lead compounds against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trina Ekawati Tallei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Sefren Geiner Tumilaar
- Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Nurdjannah Jane Niode
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Fatimawali
- Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Billy Johnson Kepel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Rinaldi Idroes
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Yunus Effendi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Al Azhar University, South Jakarta 12110, Indonesia
| | - Shahenur Alam Sakib
- Department of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
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11
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Meng D, Shi L, Zhu L, Wang Q, Liu J, Kong Y, Hou M, Yang R, Zhou Z. Coencapsulation and Stability Evaluation of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Bioactive Compounds in a Cagelike Phytoferritin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:3238-3249. [PMID: 32059106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Enrichment of multiple bioactive components with different characters into one food substrate simultaneously is a challenge. In this study, the hydrophilic epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and the hydrophobic quercetin were simultaneously enriched in the cavity of phytoferritin from red bean seed deprived of iron (apoRBF), a cagelike protein. The interactions of apoRBF with EGCG and quercetin were evaluated by UV/visible absorption, fluorescence, and circular dichroism technologies. By combination of the reversible assembly and urea induced approaches, both EGCG and quercetin were successfully coencapsulated in apoRBF to fabricate four kinds of apoRBF-EGCG-quercetin nanocomplexes FEQ (FEQ1, FEQ2, FEQ3, and FEQ4) with good solubility in aqueous solution. All FEQ samples maintained the typically spherical morphology of ferritin cage with a diameter around 12 nm. Among the four FEQ samples, the FEQ1 prepared by involving a pH 2.0/6.7 transition scheme was more effective in encapsulating EGCG and quercetin molecules than that by the urea induced method. Furthermore, all FEQs facilitated the stability of EGCG and quercetin molecules relative to free ones, and simultaneous coencapsulation of EGCG and quercetin could significantly improve the quercetin stability as compared with that of the free one and quercetin-loaded ferritin (p < 0.05), respectively. This work provides a new scheme to design and fabricate the ferritin based carrier for encapsulation of multiple bioactive components, and it is beneficial for the intensification of multifunction in one food substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Lina Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Qiaoe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic (Beijing Technology and Business University), China National Light Industry, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yu Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Muxin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Rui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Zhongkai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
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12
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Tallei TE, Tumilaar SG, Niode NJ, Kepel BJ, Idroes R, Effendi Y, Sakib SA, Emran TB. Potential of Plant Bioactive Compounds as SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (M pro) and Spike (S) Glycoprotein Inhibitors: A Molecular Docking Study. SCIENTIFICA 2020; 2020:6307457. [PMID: 33425427 DOI: 10.20944/preprints202004.0102.v2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 19) pandemic, researchers have been trying to investigate several active compounds found in plants that have the potential to inhibit the proliferation of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). The present study aimed to evaluate bioactive compounds found in plants using a molecular docking approach to inhibit the main protease (Mpro) and spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. The evaluation was performed on the docking scores calculated using AutoDock Vina (AV) as a docking engine. A rule of five (Ro5) was calculated to determine whether a compound meets the criteria as an active drug orally in humans. The determination of the docking score was performed by selecting the best conformation of the protein-ligand complex that had the highest affinity (most negative Gibbs' free energy of binding/ΔG). As a comparison, nelfinavir (an antiretroviral drug), chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine sulfate (antimalarial drugs recommended by the FDA as emergency drugs) were used. The results showed that hesperidin, nabiximols, pectolinarin, epigallocatechin gallate, and rhoifolin had better poses than nelfinavir, chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine sulfate as spike glycoprotein inhibitors. Hesperidin, rhoifolin, pectolinarin, and nabiximols had about the same pose as nelfinavir but were better than chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine sulfate as Mpro inhibitors. This finding implied that several natural compounds of plants evaluated in this study showed better binding free energy compared to nelfinavir, chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine sulfate, which so far are recommended in the treatment of COVID-19. From quantum chemical DFT calculations, the ascending order of chemical reactivity of selected compounds was pectolinarin > hesperidin > rhoifolin > morin > epigallocatechin gallate. All isolated compounds' C=O regions are preferable for an electrophilic attack, and O-H regions are suitable for a nucleophilic attack. Furthermore, Homo-Lumo and global descriptor values indicated a satisfactory remarkable profile for the selected compounds. As judged by the RO5 and previous study by others, the compounds kaempferol, herbacetin, eugenol, and 6-shogaol have good oral bioavailability, so they are also seen as promising candidates for the development of drugs to treat infections caused by SARS-CoV-2. The present study identified plant-based compounds that can be further investigated in vitro and in vivo as lead compounds against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trina Ekawati Tallei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Sefren Geiner Tumilaar
- Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Nurdjannah Jane Niode
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Billy Johnson Kepel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Rinaldi Idroes
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Yunus Effendi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Al Azhar University, South Jakarta 12110, Indonesia
| | - Shahenur Alam Sakib
- Department of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
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Nagai E, Iwai M, Koketsu R, Okuno Y, Suzuki Y, Morimoto R, Sumitani H, Ohshima A, Enomoto T, Isegawa Y. Anti-Influenza Virus Activity of Adlay Tea Components. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 74:538-543. [PMID: 31728799 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-019-00773-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study showed anti-influenza virus activity in adlay tea prepared from adlay seeds, naked barley seeds, soybean, and cassia seeds. In this study, we evaluated the anti-influenza virus activity of each component of this tea and analyzed their active ingredients. Each component was roasted and extracted in hot water; the extracts were tested for antiviral activity and their mechanisms of action were studied. All the tea components showed antiviral activity against the H1N1 and H3N2 influenza subtypes and against influenza B. The viral stages inhibited by the components were virus adsorption and replication in proliferative process, suggesting that the action mechanisms of the components might differ from those of oseltamivir acid. Of the tea components, soybean showed the strongest activity. Therefore, we analyzed its active ingredients by liquid chromatography quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC/qTOF-MS) and daidzein and glycitein were detected as active ingredients. Here, anti-influenza virus action of glycitein was the first report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Nagai
- Department of Food Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, 921-8836, Japan
| | - Miwa Iwai
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Mukogawa Women's University, Ikebiraki, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8558, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Koketsu
- Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases of Osaka University, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | | | - Yuri Suzuki
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Mukogawa Women's University, Ikebiraki, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8558, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Morimoto
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Mukogawa Women's University, Ikebiraki, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8558, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Sumitani
- Toyo Institute of Food Technology, Kawanishi, Hyogo, 666-0026, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ohshima
- Genomics Program, Nagahamabio Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan
| | - Toshiki Enomoto
- Department of Food Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, 921-8836, Japan
| | - Yuji Isegawa
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Mukogawa Women's University, Ikebiraki, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8558, Japan.
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14
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Yang R, Liu Y, Xu J, Shang W, Yu X, Wang Y, Blanchard C, Zhou Z. Interaction between rice bran albumin and epigallocatechin gallate and their physicochemical analysis. Food Sci Biotechnol 2018; 27:1561-1569. [PMID: 30483419 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-0392-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is sensitive to heat thus its application in food industry is limited. In this work, rice bran albumin protein (RAP) was used as a carrier for EGCG. RAP-EGCG complexes (RAPE) were prepared with the binding number n of 0.0505:1 (EGCG: RAP, w/w) and binding constant K of (0.74 ± 0.002) × 104 M-1, which suggests that hydrogen bond/van der Waals forces played important roles in such binding. FTIR analysis demonstrated that EGCG could induce the secondary structure changes of RAP above the ratio of 1.92:1 (EGCG:RAP, w/w). Dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscope results showed that EGCG could trigger RAP association. Furthermore, the EGCG stability in RAPE was significantly improved than that of free EGCG in 10-60 °C. The antioxidant ability of EGCG in RAPE was partially retained. These findings prove that RAP is a potential carrier for polyphenols and is beneficial for mechanism investigation between protein and polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Yuqian Liu
- 1State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- 1State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Wenting Shang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Xiao Yu
- 1State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Yongjin Wang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Chris Blanchard
- School of Biomedical Sciences, ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Functional Grains, Wagga, Wagga, NSW 2678 Australia
| | - Zhongkai Zhou
- 1State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
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15
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Herbal Gel Formulation Developed for Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 Activity Also Inhibits In Vitro HSV-2 Infection. Viruses 2018; 10:v10110580. [PMID: 30352961 PMCID: PMC6266149 DOI: 10.3390/v10110580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) infection is the most common cause of genital ulcers. The impact of ulcers also demonstrates a strong link to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Complications, drug resistance, and side-effects of anti-viral drugs make the treatment of HSV-2 infection challenging. Herbal medicines have shown potential against HSV-2 and HIV infections. In this context, polyherbal gel formulation comprising 50% ethanolic extracts from Acacia catechu, Lagerstroemia speciosa, Terminalia chebula and Phyllanthus emblica has been developed. The gel formulation significantly exhibited virucidal activity against both HIV-1 and HSV-2 infections with IC50, 55.93 ± 5.30 µg/mL and 27.26 ± 4.87 µg/mL, respectively. It also inhibited HSV-2 attachment and penetration to the Vero cells with an IC50 = 46.55 ± 1.25 µg/mL and 54.94 ± 2.52 µg/mL respectively, which were significantly lower than acyclovir. However, acyclovir is more potent in post-infection assay with an IC50 = 0.065 ± 0.01 µg/mL whereas gel formulation showed an IC50 = 469.05 ± 16.65 µg/mL under similar conditions. Gel formulation showed no inhibitory effect on the viability of lactobacilli, human vaginal keratinocyte cells (Vk2/E6E7), and the integrity of the Caco-2 cells monolayer. Gel formulation did not lead to any significant increase in the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mutagenic index. The proposed gel formulation may be a promising candidate microbicide for the prevention of sexually transmitted HIV-1 and HSV-2.
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16
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Buchtova Z, Lackova Z, Kudr J, Zitka Z, Skoda J, Zitka O. Capillary Blood GSH Level Monitoring, Using an Electrochemical Method Adapted for Micro Volumes. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102504. [PMID: 30274319 PMCID: PMC6222753 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione (γ-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine; also known as GSH) is an endogenous antioxidant that plays a crucial role in cell defense mechanisms against oxidative stress. It is thus not surprising that this molecule can serve as a biomarker for oxidative stress monitoring. As capillary blood is a highly accessible target for biomarking, it is a valuable bodily fluid for diagnosing human GSH levels. This study focused on the optimization of GSH measurements from micro volumes of capillary blood prior to using electrochemical detection. The optimization of experimental parameters, including the sample volume and its stability, was performed and evaluated. Moreover, we tested the optimized method as part of a short-term study. The study consisted of examining 10 subjects within 96 h of their consumption of high amounts of antioxidants, attained from a daily dose of 2 g/150 mL of green tea. The subjects' capillary blood (5 μL) was taken at 0 h, 48 h, and 96 h for subsequent analysis. The short-term supplementation of diet with green tea showed an increase of GSH pool by approximately 38% (between 0 and 48 h) within all subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaneta Buchtova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Zuzana Lackova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiri Kudr
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdenek Zitka
- University Sports Centre, Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Komenskeho namesti 2, CZ-662 43 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Skoda
- University Sports Centre, Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Komenskeho namesti 2, CZ-662 43 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Zitka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Rahayu RP, Prasetyo RA, Purwanto DA, Kresnoadi U, Iskandar RPD, Rubianto M. The immunomodulatory effect of green tea ( Camellia sinensis) leaves extract on immunocompromised Wistar rats infected by Candida albicans. Vet World 2018; 11:765-770. [PMID: 30034167 PMCID: PMC6048092 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.765-770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The immunocompromised condition is considered a defect in the immune system. This condition tends to increase the risk of oral candidiasis, due to the inability of the immune system to eliminate the adhesion of Candida albicans and leads to systemic candidiasis with a mortality rate of 60%. Green tea (Camellia sinensis) contains potential antioxidant and immunomodulatory which acts as anticancer, antifungal, and antivirus agent. The aim of this study was to invent herbal-based medicine, which acts as an immunomodulator and antifungal agent to treat fungal infection in immunocompromised patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-five immunocompromised Wistar rats induced with C. albicans were divided into 7 groups (n=5): Control group (C+); treated for 4 days with green tea extract 1.25% (GT 4), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) 1% (EGCG 4), EGC 1% (EGC 4); and treated for 7 days with green tea extract 1.25% (GT 7), EGCG 1% (EGCG 7), and EGC 1% (EGC 7). Tongue tissue was collected and analyzed with immunohistochemistry staining using monoclonal antibody; interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-8, and human beta-defensin 2 (HBD)-2. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance test and Tukey honest significant differences test. RESULTS The expression of IL-17A, IL-8, and HBD-2 was significantly increased (p=0.000) after green tea extract administration in 7 days, whereas in 7 days, the expression of IL-8, IL-17A, and HBD-2 after EGCG and EGC administration did not give a significant result (p>0.005). CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, green tea extract has the ability as an immunomodulatory agent in an immunocompromised patient infected by C. albicans through expression augmentation of IL-8, IL-17A, and HBD-2 compared to EGCG and EGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Retno P. Rahayu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Remita A. Prasetyo
- Installation of Oral and Dental Health, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Djoko A. Purwanto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Utari Kresnoadi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Regina P. D. Iskandar
- Student of Immunology, Postgraduate School, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Rubianto
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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18
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Ramlagan P, Rondeau P, Planesse C, Neergheen-Bhujun VS, Bourdon E, Bahorun T. Comparative suppressing effects of black and green teas on the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and AGE-induced oxidative stress. Food Funct 2018; 8:4194-4209. [PMID: 29043349 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01038a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at investigating and comparing the anti-diabetic potential of black and green teas. Biochemical analyses indicate higher antioxidant potency, significantly correlated with the phytochemicals present, in green teas compared to black teas. Both extracts afforded a similar level of protection to erythrocytes against peroxyl radical-induced lysis. Non-cytotoxic concentration of green and black tea extracts significantly reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (P < 0.01), lowered the oxidation of proteins (P < 0.05) and decreased the IL-6 secretion (P < 0.01) induced by AGEs or H2O2 in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Both teas also inhibited the decline in the enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase induced by the pro-oxidants. The teas further suppressed the glycation of BSA mediated by glucose, ribose and MGO by reducing fluorescent AGE, fructosamine, protein carbonyl and AOPP levels. Black and green teas also inhibited the activities of α-amylase (AA50: 589.86 ± 39.51 and 947.80 ± 18.20 μg mL-1, respectively) and α-glucosidase (AA50: 72.31 ± 4.23 and 100.23 ± 8.10 μg mL-1, respectively). The teas afforded a comparable level of protection at the cellular level and against glycation while black tea exerted the highest carbohydrate hydrolysing enzymes inhibitory activity. Our results clearly show that black and green teas represent an important source of antioxidants with anti-diabetic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ramlagan
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
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19
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Marengo A, Fumagalli M, Sanna C, Maxia A, Piazza S, Cagliero C, Rubiolo P, Sangiovanni E, Dell'Agli M. The hydro-alcoholic extracts of Sardinian wild thistles (Onopordum spp.) inhibit TNFα-induced IL-8 secretion and NF-κB pathway in human gastric epithelial AGS cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 210:469-476. [PMID: 28916191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Thistles species (Family: Compositae) are traditionally used in the Mediterranean area, particularly in Sardinia. They are usually gathered from the wild and used for both food and therapeutic purposes, including gastrointestinal disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY This work aims to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of eight wild thistles from Sardinia, in an in vitro model of gastric inflammation, and to identify the major active compounds in the extracts. MATERIALS AND METHODS The hydro-alcoholic extract of the aerial part of each species was prepared. After the induction of inflammation by the addition of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) (10ng/mL), AGS cells were treated with extracts/pure compounds under study. The inhibition of interleukin-8 (IL-8) release, IL-8 and NF-κB promoter activities and NF-κB nuclear translocation were evaluated. Extracts main components were identified by HPLC-PDA-MS/MS. RESULTS Only Onopordum horridum Viv. and Onopordum illyricum L. hydro-alcoholic extracts reduced, in a concentration-dependent fashion, the IL-8 release and promoter activity in human gastric epithelial cells AGS. The effect was partially due to the NF-κB pathway impairment. Onopordum hydro-alcoholic extracts were also chemically profiled, and caffeoylquinic acid derivatives were the main compounds identified in the extract. Further investigations showed that 3,5 dicaffeoylquinic acid highly inhibited IL-8 secretion in AGS cells (IC50 0.65μM), thus suggesting that this compound contributed, at least in part, to the anti-inflammatory activity elicited by O. illyricum extracts. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Onopordum species may exert beneficial effects against gastric inflammatory diseases. Thus, these wild plants deserve further investigations as preventive or co-adjuvant agents in gastric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Marengo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, sezione di Botanica, Università di Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 9, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Marco Fumagalli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari; Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti, 9, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Sanna
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, sezione di Botanica, Università di Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Andrea Maxia
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, sezione di Botanica, Università di Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Stefano Piazza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari; Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti, 9, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Cagliero
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 9, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Rubiolo
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 9, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Enrico Sangiovanni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari; Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti, 9, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Mario Dell'Agli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari; Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti, 9, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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20
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Sangiovanni E, Brivio P, Dell'Agli M, Calabrese F. Botanicals as Modulators of Neuroplasticity: Focus on BDNF. Neural Plast 2017; 2017:5965371. [PMID: 29464125 PMCID: PMC5804326 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5965371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in different central nervous system (CNS) diseases suggests that this neurotrophin may represent an interesting and reliable therapeutic target. Accordingly, the search for new compounds, also from natural sources, able to modulate BDNF has been increasingly explored. The present review considers the literature on the effects of botanicals on BDNF. Botanicals considered were Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell, Coffea arabica L., Crocus sativus L., Eleutherococcus senticosus Maxim., Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze (green tea), Ginkgo biloba L., Hypericum perforatum L., Olea europaea L. (olive oil), Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, Rhodiola rosea L., Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, Vitis vinifera L., Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, and Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton. The effect of the active principles responsible for the efficacy of the extracts is reviewed and discussed as well. The high number of articles published (more than one hundred manuscripts for 14 botanicals) supports the growing interest in the use of natural products as BDNF modulators. The studies reported strengthen the hypothesis that botanicals may be considered useful modulators of BDNF in CNS diseases, without high side effects. Further clinical studies are mandatory to confirm botanicals as preventive agents or as useful adjuvant to the pharmacological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Sangiovanni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Brivio
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Dell'Agli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Calabrese
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Effect of Green Tea Extract on Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Obese Men: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study. Asian J Sports Med 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/asjsm.55438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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22
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Zhou Z, Xu J, Liu Y, Meng D, Sun X, Yi H, Gao Y, Sun G, Strappe P, Blanchard C, Yang R. Thermal Stability Improvement of Rice Bran Albumin Protein Incorporated with Epigallocatechin Gallate. J Food Sci 2017; 82:350-357. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongkai Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; Tianjin Univ. of Science and Technology; Tianjin 300457 China
- Tianjin Food Safety & Low Carbon Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center; Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; Tianjin Univ. of Science and Technology; Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Yuqian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; Tianjin Univ. of Science and Technology; Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Demei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; Tianjin Univ. of Science and Technology; Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; Tianjin Univ. of Science and Technology; Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Hong Yi
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; Tianjin Univ. of Science and Technology; Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Yunjing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; Tianjin Univ. of Science and Technology; Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Guoyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; Tianjin Univ. of Science and Technology; Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Padraig Strappe
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Functional Grains; Wagga Wagga NSW 2678 Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences; Charles Sturt Univ.; Wagga Wagga NSW 2678 Australia
- School of Medical and Applied Sciences; Central Queensland Univ.; Rockhampton Qld 4700 Australia
| | - Chris Blanchard
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Functional Grains; Wagga Wagga NSW 2678 Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences; Charles Sturt Univ.; Wagga Wagga NSW 2678 Australia
| | - Rui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; Tianjin Univ. of Science and Technology; Tianjin 300457 China
- Tianjin Food Safety & Low Carbon Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center; Tianjin 300457 China
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Zhu X, Yang L, Xu F, Lin L, Zheng G. Combination therapy with catechins and caffeine inhibits fat accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. Exp Ther Med 2016; 13:688-694. [PMID: 28352352 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Catechins and caffeine, which are green tea components, have a slimming effect; however, the combinational effect of fat metabolism in 3T3-L1 cells remains unclear. In the present study, 3T3-L1 cells were treated with catechins and caffeine in combination, and it was found that combination therapy with catechins and caffeine markedly reduced intracellular fat accumulation, mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α in the early stage of cell differentiation were significantly reduced, and mRNA expression of fatty acid synthetase(FAS) andglycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase protein expression levels of FAS were downregulated. Noradrenaline-induced lipolysis was enhanced by caffeine, which markedly increased the protein expression of adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone sensitive lipase. These results indicated that combination therapy with catechins and caffeine synergistically inhibited lipid accumulation by regulating the gene and protein expression levels of lipid metabolism-related enzymes. Therefore, catechins and caffeine combination therapy has potential as a functional food that may be used to prevent obesity and lifestyle-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Zhu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, P.R. China
| | - Licong Yang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, P.R. China
| | - Feng Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, P.R. China
| | - Lezhen Lin
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, P.R. China
| | - Guodong Zheng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, P.R. China
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Role of Viral miRNAs and Epigenetic Modifications in Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Gastric Carcinogenesis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:6021934. [PMID: 26977250 PMCID: PMC4764750 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6021934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are short (21–23 nucleotides), noncoding RNAs that typically silence posttranscriptional gene expression through interaction with target messenger RNAs. Currently, miRNAs have been identified in almost all studied multicellular eukaryotes in the plant and animal kingdoms. Additionally, recent studies reported that miRNAs can also be encoded by certain single-cell eukaryotes and by viruses. The vast majority of viral miRNAs are encoded by the herpesviruses family. These DNA viruses including Epstein-Barr virus encode their own miRNAs and/or manipulate the expression of cellular miRNAs to facilitate respective infection cycles. Modulation of the control pathways of miRNAs expression is often involved in the promotion of tumorigenesis through a specific cascade of transduction signals. Notably, latent infection with Epstein-Barr virus is considered liable of causing several types of malignancies, including the majority of gastric carcinoma cases detected worldwide. In this review, we describe the role of the Epstein-Barr virus in gastric carcinogenesis, summarizing the functions of the Epstein-Barr virus-encoded viral proteins and related epigenetic alterations as well as the roles of Epstein-Barr virus-encoded and virally modulated cellular miRNAs.
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Plumb J, Lyons J, Nørby K, Thomas M, Nørby E, Poms R, Bucchini L, Restani P, Kiely M, Finglas P. ePlantLIBRA: A composition and biological activity database for bioactive compounds in plant food supplements. Food Chem 2016; 193:121-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.03.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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26
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Takao LK, Imatomi M, Gualtieri SCJ. Antioxidant activity and phenolic content of leaf infusions of Myrtaceae species from Cerrado (Brazilian Savanna). BRAZ J BIOL 2015; 75:948-52. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.03314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract There is considerable interest in identifying new antioxidants from plant materials. Several studies have emphasized the antioxidant activity of species belonging to the Myrtaceae family. However, there are few reports on these species from the Cerrado (Brazilian savanna). In this study, the antioxidant activity and phenolic content of 12 native Myrtaceae species from the Cerrado were evaluated (Blepharocalyx salicifolius, Eugenia bimarginata, Eugenia dysenterica, Eugenia klotzschiana, Hexachlamys edulis, Myrcia bella, Myrcia lingua, Myrcia splendens, Myrcia tomentosa, Psidium australe, Psidium cinereum, and Psidium laruotteanum). Antioxidant potential was assessed using the antioxidant activity index (AAI) by the DPPH method and total phenolic content (TPC) by the Folin–Ciocalteu assay. There was a high correlation between TPC and AAI values. Psidium laruotteanum showed the highest TPC (576.56 mg GAE/g extract) and was the most potent antioxidant (AAI = 7.97, IC50 = 3.86 µg·mL−1), with activity close to that of pure quercetin (IC50 = 2.99 µg·mL−1). The extracts of nine species showed IC50 of 6.24–8.75 µg·mL−1. Most species showed TPC and AAI values similar to or higher than those for Camellia sinensis, a commonly consumed tea with strong antioxidant properties. The results reveal that the analyzed Myrtaceae species from the Cerrado possess high phenolic contents and antioxidant activities. Thus, they are a potential source of new natural antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Imatomi
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brazil
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27
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Sangiovanni E, Di Lorenzo C, Colombo E, Colombo F, Fumagalli M, Frigerio G, Restani P, Dell'Agli M. The effect of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on the anti-inflammatory activity of Vitis vinifera L. leaves. Food Funct 2015; 6:2453-63. [PMID: 26102216 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00410a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Botanicals are widely consumed all over the world for health purposes, with increased usage in the general population, in many different types of products, including foods and plant food supplements. Several reports support for the beneficial effects of botanicals against gastrointestinal inflammation. However, no studies regarding the anti-inflammatory activity in the gastrointestinal tract of red vine leaves have been reported so far. The present work investigates the biological activity of Vitis vinifera L. water extract (VVWE) from dried leaves in two in vitro models of gastric and intestinal inflammation. The extract was characterized by a validated HPLC-DAD method, and tested on human epithelial gastric (AGS) and intestinal (Caco-2) cells with the aim to investigate the inhibitory effect on IL-8 secretion and promoter activity, before and after in vitro gastric or gastrointestinal digestion. Our results show that the water extract from red vine leaves inhibits TNFα-induced IL-8 secretion and expression in human gastric epithelial cells; the effect should be maintained, although to a lesser extent, after gastric digestion. In contrast, the effect after intestinal digestion is dramatically decreased since degradation of the active components in the gut does not allow the extract to efficiently counteract TNFα or IL-1β induced IL-8 expression and the NF-κB pathway. The main molecular target of VVWE at the gastric level includes TNFα-induced activation of NF-κB and occurs at concentrations easily reachable after PFS consumption based on red vine leaf water extract as the ingredient. Our findings suggest that PFS containing water extracts from Vitis vinifera L. leaves could be useful to inhibit/attenuate gastric inflammation inhibiting IL-8 secretion and expression through impairment of the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sangiovanni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari; Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti, 9, 20133, Milano, Italy.
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28
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Wang A, Zhou K, Qi X, Zhao G. Phytoferritin association induced by EGCG inhibits protein degradation by proteases. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 69:386-391. [PMID: 25384342 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-014-0451-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Phytoferritin is a promising resource of non-heme iron supplementation, but it is not stable against degradation by proteases in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, how to improve the stability of ferritin in the presence of proteases is a challenge. Since (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is rich in phenolic-hydroxyl groups, it could interact with ferritin through hydrogen bonds, thereby preventing protein from degradation. To confirm this idea, we focus on the interaction between EGCG and phytoferritin, and the consequence of such interaction. Results demonstrated that EGCG did interact with ferritin, and such interaction induced the change in the tertiary/quaternary structure of protein but not in its secondary structure. Furthermore, stopped-flow and dynamic light scattering (DLS) results showed that EGCG could trigger ferritin association. Consequently, such protein association markedly inhibited protein digestion by pepsin at pH 4.0 and by trypsin at pH 7.5. These findings raise the possibility to improve the stability of phytoferritin in the presence of proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidong Wang
- CAU & ACC Joint-Laboratory of Space Food College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
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