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Kaneyasu T, Hoshino E, Naito M, Suzukamo Y, Miyazaki K, Kojima S, Yamaguchi T, Kawaguchi T, Miyaji T, Nakajima TE, Shimozuma K. How to select and understand guidelines for patient-reported outcomes: a scoping review of existing guidance. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:334. [PMID: 38481204 PMCID: PMC10938752 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-10707-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past few decades, patient-reported outcomes (PROs) have been used to understand patient health conditions better. Therefore, numerous PRO measures (questionnaires) and guidelines or guidance have been developed. However, it is challenging to select target guidance from among the many available guidance and to understand the chosen guidance. This study comprehensively collected the existing PRO guidance for clinical trials or studies and practices to support novice PRO users in academia, industry, clinical practice, and regulatory and reimbursement decision-making. METHODS For the scoping review, we searched the MEDLINE, Embase, Google Books, WorldCat, and the National Library of Medicine (NLM) Bookshelf databases from 2009 to 2023. The eligibility criteria were PRO guidance for clinical trials, clinical practice, or application such as health technology assessment. Those guidance cover aspects such as quality of life (QOL), PRO, health-related QOL, health state utilities, psychometric requirements, implementation methods, analysis and interpretation, or clinical practice applications. After the systematic search, three researchers individually reviewed the collected data, and the reviewed articles and books were scrutinized using the same criteria. RESULTS We collected the PRO guidance published in articles and books between 2009 and 2023. From the database searches, 1,455 articles and 387 books were identified, of which one book and 33 articles were finally selected. The collected PRO guidance was categorized into the adoption of PRO measures, design and reporting of trials or studies using PROs, implementation of PRO evaluation in clinical trials or studies or clinical practice, analysis and interpretation of PROs, and application of PRO evaluation. Based on this categorization, we suggest the following for novices: When selecting guidance, novices should clarify the "place" and "purpose" where the guidance will be used. Additionally, they should know that the terminology related to PRO and the scope and expectations of PROs vary by "places" and "purposes". CONCLUSIONS From this scoping review of existing PRO guidance, we provided summaries and caveats to assist novices in selecting guidance that fits their purpose and understanding it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Kaneyasu
- College of Life Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1, Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
- Comprehensive Unit for Health Economic Evidence Review and Decision Support, Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Eri Hoshino
- Comprehensive Unit for Health Economic Evidence Review and Decision Support, Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto, Japan
- Division of Policy Evaluation, Department of Health Policy, Research Institute, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Naito
- Department of Oral Epidemiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Kikuko Miyazaki
- Department of Health Informatics, School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satomi Kojima
- Comprehensive Unit for Health Economic Evidence Review and Decision Support, Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuhiro Yamaguchi
- Division of Biostatistics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takashi Kawaguchi
- Department of Practical Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tempei Miyaji
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takako Eguchi Nakajima
- Department of Early Clinical Development, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kojiro Shimozuma
- College of Life Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1, Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
- Comprehensive Unit for Health Economic Evidence Review and Decision Support, Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto, Japan
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Yang H, Tian J, Li J, Han L, Han G, Zhao J, Han Q, Zhang Y. Social and therapeutic decline earlier than physical and psychological domains after discharge in heart failure patients: A patient-reported outcome measurements of latent transition analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:965201. [PMID: 36204569 PMCID: PMC9530707 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.965201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Among patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), response shifts are common in assessing treatment effects. However, few studies focused on potential response shifts in these patients. Materials and methods Data of CHF patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were obtained from three hospitals in Shanxi, China, from 2017 to 2019. A total of 497 patients were enrolled and followed up at 1 month and 6 months after discharge. Latent transition analysis (LTA) was employed to determine the longitudinal transition trajectories of latent subtypes in CHF patients in the physiological, psychological, social, and therapeutic domains. Results The patients were divided into high- and low-level groups in the four domains according to the LTA. One month after discharge, the physiological and psychological domains improved, while the social and therapeutic domains remained unchanged. Six months after discharge, the former remained stable, but the latter deteriorated. The factors affecting the state transition in four domains were as follows. The influencing factor of the physiological domains are gender, age, tea consumption, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and light diet; those of the psychological domain are gender, occupation, smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity; those of the social domains are age; those of the therapeutic domains are education and income. Conclusion The disease status of CHF patients has shifted over time. Risk factors accelerate the deterioration of patients’ condition. Furthermore, the risk factors of social and therapeutic domains deteriorate patients’ condition faster than those of physiological and psychological domains. Therefore, individualized intervention programs should be given for CHF patients who may be transferred to the low-level groups to maintain the treatment effect and improve the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- Department of Health Statistics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Health Statistics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Linai Han
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Gangfei Han
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jinghua Zhao
- Department of Health Statistics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qinghua Han
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Qinghua Han,
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- Department of Health Statistics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Diseases Risk Assessment, Taiyuan, China
- School of Health Services and Management, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Yanbo Zhang,
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Schulz AA, Wirtz MA. Midwives' empathy and shared decision making from women's perspective - sensitivity of an assessment to compare quality of care in prenatal and obstetric care. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:717. [PMID: 36127645 PMCID: PMC9487070 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-05041-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background For quality-oriented evaluation of prenatal and obstetric care, it is important to systematically consider the perspective of the women receiving care in order to comprehensively assess and optimize quality in a woman-centered manner. Empathy and Shared Decision Making (SDM) are essential components of woman-centered midwifery care. The aim of the study was to analyze measurement invariance of the items of the Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) and Shared Decision Making-Questionnaire (SDM-Q-9) scales depending on the prenatal versus obstetric care setting. Methods One hundred fifty women retrospectively assessed aspects of woman-centered midwifery care in both prenatal and obstetric care setting. The birth of the child was a maximum of 12 months ago. A structural equation modelling approach was adopted to separate true effects from response shift (RS) effects depending on care setting. The latter were analyzed in terms of recalibration (changing women’s internal measurement standards), Reprioritization (changing associations of items and construct) as well as Reconceptualization (redefining the target construct). Results A response shift model was identified for both assessments (pregnancy/birth: CFI = .96/.96; SRMR = .046/.051). At birth, both scales indicated lower quality of care compared with prenatal care (SDM-Q-9-M/CARE-8-M:|d| = 0.190/0.392). Although no reconceptualization is required for the items of both scales, RS effects are evident for individual items. Due to recalibration and reprioritization effects, the true differences in the items are partly underestimated (SDM-Q-9-M/CARE-8-M: 3/2 items) or overestimated (4/2 items). Conclusion The structure of the constructs SDM and Empathy, indicating woman-centered midwifery care, are moderated by the care settings. To validly assess midwives’ empathy and shared decision making from women’s perspective, setting-dependent response shift effects have to be considered. The proven item-specific response effects contribute to a better understanding of construct characteristics in woman-centered care by midwives during pregnancy and childbirth. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-022-05041-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Alexandra Schulz
- Department of Research Methods in the Health Sciences, University of Education Freiburg, Kunzenweg 21, 79117, Freiburg, Germany. .,Department of Research Methods, University of Education Freiburg, Kunzenweg 21, 79117, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Markus Antonius Wirtz
- Department of Research Methods in the Health Sciences, University of Education Freiburg, Kunzenweg 21, 79117, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Research Methods, University of Education Freiburg, Kunzenweg 21, 79117, Freiburg, Germany
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Blanchin M, Brisson P, Sébille V. Performance of a Rasch-based method for group comparisons of longitudinal change and response shift at the item level in PRO data: A simulation study. Methods 2022; 204:327-339. [PMID: 34998982 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing interest in patient perception and experience in healthcare has led to an increase in the use of patient-reported outcomes (PRO) data. However, chronically ill patients may regularly adapt to their disease and, as a consequence, might change their perception of the PRO being measured. This phenomenon named response shift (RS) may occur differently depending on clinical and individual characteristics. The RespOnse Shift ALgorithm at the Item level (ROSALI), a method for RS analysis at the item level based on Rasch models, has recently been extended to explore heterogeneity of item-level RS between two groups of patients. The performances of ROSALI in terms of RS detection at the item level and biases of estimated differences in latent variable means were assessed. A simulation study was performed to investigate four scenarios: no RS, RS in only one group, RS affecting both groups either in a similar or a different way. Performances of ROSALI were assessed using rates of false detection of RS when no RS was simulated and a set of criteria (presence of RS, correct identification of items and groups affected by RS) when RS was simulated. Rates of false detection of RS were low indicating that ROSALI satisfactorily prevents from mistakenly inferring RS. ROSALI is able to detect RS and identify the item and group(s) affected when RS affects all response categories of an item in the same way. The performances of ROSALI depend mainly on the sample size and the degree of heterogeneity of item-level RS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Blanchin
- U1246 SPHERE "methodS in Patient-centered outcomes and HEalth ResEarch", Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, INSERM, Nantes, France.
| | - Priscilla Brisson
- U1246 SPHERE "methodS in Patient-centered outcomes and HEalth ResEarch", Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Véronique Sébille
- U1246 SPHERE "methodS in Patient-centered outcomes and HEalth ResEarch", Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, INSERM, Nantes, France; Methodology and Biostatistics unit, CHU of Nantes, Nantes, France
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Kunz S, Carrard V, Galvis Aparicio M, Scheel-Sailer A, Fekete C, Lude P, Post MWM, Westphal M. Longitudinal measurement invariance of the international spinal cord injury quality of life basic data set (SCI-QoL-BDS) during spinal cord injury/disorder inpatient rehabilitation. Qual Life Res 2021; 31:1247-1256. [PMID: 34734353 PMCID: PMC8960613 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-021-03027-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed at testing the internal consistency and longitudinal measurement invariance of a brief quality of life questionnaire—the spinal cord injury quality of life basic data set (SCI-QoL-BDS)—among individuals with spinal cord injury/disorder undergoing first inpatient rehabilitation.
Methods Longitudinal data from the Swiss spinal cord injury inception cohort study were used. Participants (n = 218) completed the SCI-QoL-BDS at one and three months post injury and at discharge. The SCI-QoL-BDS consists of three items assessing satisfaction with life as a whole, physical health, and psychological health. Internal consistency was examined at each time point and longitudinal measurement invariance was tested using longitudinal confirmatory factor analysis. Results Internal consistency coefficients ranged between .82 and .90. The confirmatory factor analysis revealed invariance of the factor structure and of all factor loadings across time. Additionally, all item intercepts except the one of satisfaction with physical health were invariant across time, suggesting partial intercept invariance of the SCI-QoL-BDS. Indeed, a response shift was observed in satisfaction with physical health. This item was evaluated more negatively in the early phase of inpatient rehabilitation, indicating the change of the evolving physical situation after the onset of a spinal cord injury. Conclusion The SCI-QoL-BDS is a consistent and valid measure to assess quality of life among individuals undergoing first spinal cord injury/disorder inpatient rehabilitation. However, we recommend using latent variable frameworks instead of mean scores when examining longitudinal changes in the measure to account for potential response shift. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11136-021-03027-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kunz
- Swiss Paraplegic Research (SPF), Nottwil, Switzerland.,Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Valerie Carrard
- Swiss Paraplegic Research (SPF), Nottwil, Switzerland. .,Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland. .,Psychiatric Liaison Service, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Avenue de Beaumont 23, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Mayra Galvis Aparicio
- Swiss Paraplegic Research (SPF), Nottwil, Switzerland.,Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Anke Scheel-Sailer
- Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland.,Swiss Paraplegic Center, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Christine Fekete
- Swiss Paraplegic Research (SPF), Nottwil, Switzerland.,Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Lude
- Swiss Paraplegic Research (SPF), Nottwil, Switzerland.,Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,School of Applied Psychology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marcel W M Post
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Center of Excellence in Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maren Westphal
- Department of Psychology, Pace University, Pleasantville, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, USA
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Jemes-Campaña IC, Romero-Galisteo RP, Gálvez-Ruiz P, Labajos-Manzanares MT, Moreno-Morales N. Service Quality in Early Intervention Centres: An Analysis of Its Influence on Satisfaction and Family Quality of Life. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:716. [PMID: 34438607 PMCID: PMC8391886 DOI: 10.3390/children8080716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Early Intervention (EI) is a set of interventions focused on responding to the needs of children with or at risk of developmental problems. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between the perceived quality of service, satisfaction and family quality of life. METHODS to conduct a multi-centre, transversal study with a non-probabilistic sample. The participants (N = 1551) were families from 24 Early Intervention Centres (EICs) located in Spain. RESULTS The results indicated an adequate fit of the measurement and structural models, with the latter showing a capacity of 73% to predict the family quality of life. The structural model established that the perceived service quality was a positive and significant predictor of satisfaction (β = 0.85; p < 0.001). Both the perceived quality of service (β = 0.28; p < 0.001) and satisfaction (β = 0.33; p < 0.001) obtained a similar positive and significant relationship with family quality of life, which was slightly stronger than satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS This study provided a better understanding of the importance of the services offered in EICs and their influence on the satisfaction and family quality of life of their users. Thus, delving into these relationships was highly relevant for decision-making in the context of EI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rita-Pilar Romero-Galisteo
- Department of Fhysiotherapy, University of Málaga, C/Arquitecto Francisco Peñalosa, s/n., 29071 Málaga, Spain; (M.-T.L.-M.); (N.M.-M.)
| | - Pablo Gálvez-Ruiz
- Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, Valencian International University, 46002 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Maria-Teresa Labajos-Manzanares
- Department of Fhysiotherapy, University of Málaga, C/Arquitecto Francisco Peñalosa, s/n., 29071 Málaga, Spain; (M.-T.L.-M.); (N.M.-M.)
| | - Noelia Moreno-Morales
- Department of Fhysiotherapy, University of Málaga, C/Arquitecto Francisco Peñalosa, s/n., 29071 Málaga, Spain; (M.-T.L.-M.); (N.M.-M.)
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Oreel TH, Nieuwkerk PT, Hartog ID, Netjes JE, Vonk ABA, Lemkes J, van Laarhoven HWM, Scherer-Rath M, Henriques JPS, Oort FJ, Sprangers MAG, Verdam MGE. Response shift after coronary revascularization. Qual Life Res 2021; 31:437-450. [PMID: 34159517 PMCID: PMC8847301 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-021-02902-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aims of this study were to investigate (1) the extent to which response shift occurs among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after coronary revascularization, (2) whether the assessment of changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL), controlled for response shift, yield more valid estimates of changes in HRQoL, as indicated by stronger associations with criterion measures of change, than without controlling for response shift, and (3) if occurrences of response shift are related to patient characteristics. METHODS Patients with CAD completed the SF-36 and the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ7) at baseline and 3 months after coronary revascularization. Sociodemographic, clinical and psychosocial variables were measured with the patient version of the New York Heart Association-class, Subjective Significance Questionnaire, Reconstruction of Life Events Questionnaire (RE-LIFE), and HEXACO personality inventory. Oort's Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach was used to investigate response shift. RESULTS 191 patient completed questionnaires at baseline and at 3 months after treatment. The SF-36 showed recalibration and reprioritization response shift and the SAQ7 reconceptualization response shift. Controlling for these response shift effects did not result in more valid estimates of change. One significant association was found between reprioritization response shift and complete integration of having CAD into their life story, as indicated by the RE-LIFE. CONCLUSION Results indicate response shift in HRQoL following coronary revascularization. While we did not find an impact of response shift on the estimates of change, the SEM approach provides a more comprehensive insight into the different types of change in HRQoL following coronary revascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom H Oreel
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pythia T Nieuwkerk
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Iris D Hartog
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Faculty of Philosophy, Theology and Religious Studies, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Justine E Netjes
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alexander B A Vonk
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jorrit Lemkes
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hanneke W M van Laarhoven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Michael Scherer-Rath
- Faculty of Philosophy, Theology and Religious Studies, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - José P S Henriques
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Frans J Oort
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, 15776, 1001 NG, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mirjam A G Sprangers
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mathilde G E Verdam
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. .,Department of Methodology and Statistics, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.
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Critical examination of current response shift methods and proposal for advancing new methods. Qual Life Res 2021; 30:3325-3342. [PMID: 33595827 PMCID: PMC8602164 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-020-02755-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This work is part of an international, interdisciplinary initiative to synthesize research on response shift in results of patient-reported outcome measures. The objective is to critically examine current response shift methods. We additionally propose advancing new methods that address the limitations of extant methods. Methods Based on literature reviews, this critical examination comprises design-based, qualitative, individualized, and preference-based methods, latent variable models, and other statistical methods. We critically appraised their definition, operationalization, the type of response shift they can detect, whether they can adjust for and explain response shift, their assumptions, and alternative explanations. Overall limitations requiring new methods were identified. Results We examined 11 methods that aim to operationalize response shift, by assessing change in the meaning of one’s self-evaluation. Six of these methods distinguish between change in observed measurements (observed change) and change in the construct that was intended to be measured (target change). The methods use either (sub)group-based or individual-level analysis, or a combination. All methods have underlying assumptions to be met and alternative explanations for the inferred response shift effects. We highlighted the need to address the interpretation of the results as response shift and proposed advancing new methods handling individual variation in change over time and multiple time points. Conclusion No single response shift method is optimal; each method has strengths and limitations. Additionally, extra steps need to be taken to correctly interpret the results. Advancing new methods and conducting computer simulation studies that compare methods are recommended to move response shift research forward. Supplementary Information The online version of this article (10.1007/s11136-020-02755-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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