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Cappola AR, Auchus RJ, El-Hajj Fuleihan G, Handelsman DJ, Kalyani RR, McClung M, Stuenkel CA, Thorner MO, Verbalis JG. Hormones and Aging: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:1835-1874. [PMID: 37326526 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Multiple changes occur across various endocrine systems as an individual ages. The understanding of the factors that cause age-related changes and how they should be managed clinically is evolving. This statement reviews the current state of research in the growth hormone, adrenal, ovarian, testicular, and thyroid axes, as well as in osteoporosis, vitamin D deficiency, type 2 diabetes, and water metabolism, with a specific focus on older individuals. Each section describes the natural history and observational data in older individuals, available therapies, clinical trial data on efficacy and safety in older individuals, key points, and scientific gaps. The goal of this statement is to inform future research that refines prevention and treatment strategies in age-associated endocrine conditions, with the goal of improving the health of older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne R Cappola
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Richard J Auchus
- Departments of Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Section, Medical Service, LTC Charles S. Kettles Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48015, USA
| | - Ghada El-Hajj Fuleihan
- Calcium Metabolism and Osteoporosis Program, WHO Collaborating Center for Metabolic Bone Disorders, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - David J Handelsman
- ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney and Andrology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney 2139, Australia
| | - Rita R Kalyani
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Michael McClung
- Oregon Osteoporosis Center, Portland, OR 97213, USA
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Cynthia A Stuenkel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Michael O Thorner
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joseph G Verbalis
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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Associations of Serum 25(OH)D, PTH, and β-CTX Levels with All-Cause Mortality in Chinese Community-Dwelling Centenarians. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010094. [PMID: 36615752 PMCID: PMC9824656 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This longitudinal cohort study explored the associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], parathyroid hormone (PTH), and β-C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (β-CTX) levels with all-cause mortality in centenarians. The study included 952 centenarians (81.4% female). During a median follow-up of 32 months, 752 (78.9%) centenarians died. The estimated 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates were 80.0%, 45.7%, and 23.6%, respectively. The association of mortality with 25(OH)D was linear, whereas the associations with PTH and β-CTX were J-shaped, with a lower risk below the median levels. Compared with 25(OH)D of ≥30 ng/mL, 25(OH)D < 30 ng/mL was associated with increased mortality (HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.24−1.86, p < 0.001). Compared with PTH of ≤65 pg/mL, PTH > 65 pg/mL was associated with increased mortality (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.08−1.56, p = 0.005). Compared with β-CTX of <0.55 ng/mL, β-CTX ≥ 0.55 ng/mL was associated with increased mortality (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.10−1.54, p = 0.002). A higher β-CTX level (even in the clinical reference range of 0.55−1.01 ng/mL) was associated with increased mortality (HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.04−1.47, p = 0.018). Centenarians with 25(OH)D < 30 ng/mL, PTH > 65 pg/mL, and β-CTX ≥ 0.55 ng/mL had a 2.77-fold (95% CI 1.99−3.85, p < 0.001) increased risk of mortality when compared with those with 25(OH)D of >30 ng/mL, PTH < 65 pg/mL, and β-CTX < 0.55 ng/mL. Lower serum 25(OH)D and higher PTH and β-CTX were independently correlated with increased all-cause mortality in Chinese community-dwelling centenarians.
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Kashtanova DA, Taraskina AN, Erema VV, Akopyan AA, Ivanov MV, Strazhesko ID, Akinshina AI, Yudin VS, Makarov VV, Kraevoy SA, Korolev DE, Tarasova IV, Beloshevskaya OA, Mkhitaryan EA, Tkacheva ON, Yudin SM. Analyzing Successful Aging and Longevity: Risk Factors and Health Promoters in 2020 Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19138178. [PMID: 35805838 PMCID: PMC9266557 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Geriatric syndromes (GSs) and aging-associated diseases (AADs) are common side effects of aging. They are affecting the lives of millions of older adults and placing immense pressure on healthcare systems and economies worldwide. It is imperative to study the factors causing these conditions and develop a holistic framework for their management. The so-called long-lived individuals—people over the age of 90 who managed to retain much of their health and functionality—could be holding the key to understanding these factors and their health implications. We analyzed the health status and lifestyle of the long-lived individuals and identified risk factors for GSs. Family history greatly contributes to the health and prevention of cognitive decline in older adults. Lifestyle and certain socioeconomic factors such as education, the age of starting to work and retiring, job type and income level, physical activity, and hobby were also associated with certain GSs. Moreover, the levels of total protein, albumin, alpha-1 globulins, high-density lipoprotein, free triiodothyronine, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were direct indicators of the current health status. The proposed mathematical model allows the prediction of successful aging based on family history, social and economic factors, and life-long physical activity (f1 score = 0.72, AUC = 0.68, precision = 0.83 and recall = 0.64).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria A. Kashtanova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency 10 Bld., 1 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 119121, Russia; (A.N.T.); (V.V.E.); (M.V.I.); (A.I.A.); (V.S.Y.); (V.V.M.); (S.A.K.); (S.M.Y.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anastasiia N. Taraskina
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency 10 Bld., 1 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 119121, Russia; (A.N.T.); (V.V.E.); (M.V.I.); (A.I.A.); (V.S.Y.); (V.V.M.); (S.A.K.); (S.M.Y.)
| | - Veronika V. Erema
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency 10 Bld., 1 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 119121, Russia; (A.N.T.); (V.V.E.); (M.V.I.); (A.I.A.); (V.S.Y.); (V.V.M.); (S.A.K.); (S.M.Y.)
| | - Anna A. Akopyan
- Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Bld. 16, 1st Leonova Street, Moscow 129226, Russia; (A.A.A.); (I.D.S.); (D.E.K.); (I.V.T.); (O.A.B.); (E.A.M.); (O.N.T.)
| | - Mikhail V. Ivanov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency 10 Bld., 1 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 119121, Russia; (A.N.T.); (V.V.E.); (M.V.I.); (A.I.A.); (V.S.Y.); (V.V.M.); (S.A.K.); (S.M.Y.)
| | - Irina D. Strazhesko
- Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Bld. 16, 1st Leonova Street, Moscow 129226, Russia; (A.A.A.); (I.D.S.); (D.E.K.); (I.V.T.); (O.A.B.); (E.A.M.); (O.N.T.)
| | - Alexandra I. Akinshina
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency 10 Bld., 1 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 119121, Russia; (A.N.T.); (V.V.E.); (M.V.I.); (A.I.A.); (V.S.Y.); (V.V.M.); (S.A.K.); (S.M.Y.)
| | - Vladimir S. Yudin
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency 10 Bld., 1 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 119121, Russia; (A.N.T.); (V.V.E.); (M.V.I.); (A.I.A.); (V.S.Y.); (V.V.M.); (S.A.K.); (S.M.Y.)
| | - Valentin V. Makarov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency 10 Bld., 1 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 119121, Russia; (A.N.T.); (V.V.E.); (M.V.I.); (A.I.A.); (V.S.Y.); (V.V.M.); (S.A.K.); (S.M.Y.)
| | - Sergey A. Kraevoy
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency 10 Bld., 1 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 119121, Russia; (A.N.T.); (V.V.E.); (M.V.I.); (A.I.A.); (V.S.Y.); (V.V.M.); (S.A.K.); (S.M.Y.)
| | - Denis E. Korolev
- Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Bld. 16, 1st Leonova Street, Moscow 129226, Russia; (A.A.A.); (I.D.S.); (D.E.K.); (I.V.T.); (O.A.B.); (E.A.M.); (O.N.T.)
| | - Irina V. Tarasova
- Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Bld. 16, 1st Leonova Street, Moscow 129226, Russia; (A.A.A.); (I.D.S.); (D.E.K.); (I.V.T.); (O.A.B.); (E.A.M.); (O.N.T.)
| | - Olga A. Beloshevskaya
- Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Bld. 16, 1st Leonova Street, Moscow 129226, Russia; (A.A.A.); (I.D.S.); (D.E.K.); (I.V.T.); (O.A.B.); (E.A.M.); (O.N.T.)
| | - Elen A. Mkhitaryan
- Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Bld. 16, 1st Leonova Street, Moscow 129226, Russia; (A.A.A.); (I.D.S.); (D.E.K.); (I.V.T.); (O.A.B.); (E.A.M.); (O.N.T.)
| | - Olga N. Tkacheva
- Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Bld. 16, 1st Leonova Street, Moscow 129226, Russia; (A.A.A.); (I.D.S.); (D.E.K.); (I.V.T.); (O.A.B.); (E.A.M.); (O.N.T.)
| | - Sergey M. Yudin
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks” of the Federal Medical Biological Agency 10 Bld., 1 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 119121, Russia; (A.N.T.); (V.V.E.); (M.V.I.); (A.I.A.); (V.S.Y.); (V.V.M.); (S.A.K.); (S.M.Y.)
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Arosio B, Rossi PD, Ferri E, Cesari M, Vitale G. Characterization of Vitamin D Status in Older Persons with Cognitive Impairment. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061142. [PMID: 35334800 PMCID: PMC8949190 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D exerts a role in the maintenance of cognitive abilities and in frailty. Although several studies evaluated the interactions between vitamin D and cognitive impairment, results were conflicting. In a cohort of community-dwelling older persons, we described the association between vitamin D levels and cognitive decline and all-cause dementia evaluating frailty’s contribution. Our cohort included 509 adults, aged 64–92 years: 176 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 59 with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), 26 with idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (iNPH), 133 with mixed dementia (MD) and 115 without cognitive decline. Frailty was measured by frailty index, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations through electrochemiluminescence immunoassays. We found a significant association between vitamin D levels and Mini Mental State Examination independently of cognitive impairment, age, sex and frailty. The patients with dementia (AD and MD) showed the lowest vitamin D levels, while MCI patients showed higher levels than the other groups. The most severe deficiency was observed in MD patients, the most aged as well as cognitively and functionally impaired. In conclusion, in our community-dwelling older persons investigated for a suspected cognitive impairment, we observed an association between vitamin D levels and cognitive decline, regardless of the frailty status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Arosio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-55035405; Fax: +39-02-50320734
| | - Paolo Dionigi Rossi
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy; (P.D.R.); (E.F.)
| | - Evelyn Ferri
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy; (P.D.R.); (E.F.)
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Geriatric Unit, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Via Camaldoli 64, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vitale
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20133 Milan, Italy;
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Laboratory of Geriatric and Oncologic Neuroendocrinology Research, Via Zucchi 18, 20095 Cusano Milanino, Italy
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Ebert T, Neytchev O, Witasp A, Kublickiene K, Stenvinkel P, Shiels PG. Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease and Dialysis Patients. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:1426-1448. [PMID: 34006115 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can be regarded as a burden of lifestyle disease that shares common underpinning features and risk factors with the aging process; it is a complex constituted by several adverse components, including chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, early vascular aging, and cellular senescence. Recent Advances: A systemic approach to tackle CKD, based on mitigating the associated inflammatory, cell stress, and damage processes, has the potential to attenuate the effects of CKD, but it also preempts the development and progression of associated morbidities. In effect, this will enhance health span and compress the period of morbidity. Pharmacological, nutritional, and potentially lifestyle-based interventions are promising therapeutic avenues to achieve such a goal. Critical Issues: In the present review, currents concepts of inflammation and oxidative damage as key patho-mechanisms in CKD are addressed. In particular, potential beneficial but also adverse effects of different systemic interventions in patients with CKD are discussed. Future Directions: Senotherapeutics, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (NRF2-KEAP1) signaling pathway, the endocrine klotho axis, inhibitors of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), and live bio-therapeutics have the potential to reduce the burden of CKD and improve quality of life, as well as morbidity and mortality, in this fragile high-risk patient group. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 1426-1448.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ebert
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ognian Neytchev
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Witasp
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karolina Kublickiene
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul G Shiels
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Alharazy S, Robertson MD, Lanham-New S, Naseer MI, Chaudhary AG, Alissa E. Directly measured free and total 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in relation to metabolic health in multi-ethnic postmenopausal females in Saudi Arabia. Endocr Connect 2021; 10:1594-1606. [PMID: 34783311 PMCID: PMC8679882 DOI: 10.1530/ec-21-0445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measurement of free 25-hydroyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status has been suggested as a more representative marker of vitamin D status than that of total 25(OH)D. Previously, free 25(OH)D could only be calculated indirectly; however, a newly developed direct assay for the measurement of free 25(OH)D is now available. The aim of this study therefore was to investigate directly measured total and free vitamin D levels association with metabolic health in postmenopausal healthy women living in Saudi Arabia. METHODS A sample of 302 postmenopausal women aged ≥50 years (n = 302) living in Saudi Arabia were recruited in a cross-sectional study design. Blood samples were collected from subjects for measurement of serum levels of total 25(OH)D, directly measured free 25(OH)D, metabolic bone parameters, lipid profile, and other biochemical tests. RESULTS A positive correlation was found between directly measured free and total 25(OH)D (r = 0.64, P< 0.0001). Total but not free 25(OH)D showed significant association with serum intact parathyroid hormone (P = 0.004), whilst free 25(OH)D but not total 25(OH)D showed a significant association with total cholesterol and LDL-C (P = 0.032 and P = 0.045, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Free 25(OH)D and total 25(OH)D were found to be consistently correlated but with different associations to metabolic health parameters. Further research is needed to determine which marker of vitamin D status would be the most appropriate in population studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shatha Alharazy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Denise Robertson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Susan Lanham-New
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Muhammad Imran Naseer
- Centre of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adeel G Chaudhary
- Centre of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Alissa
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
Epidemiological data predict a dramatic increase in the prevalence of diabetes and of diabetic retinopathy (DR) - the most common complication of diabetes-for which however we do not have so far effective tools for prevention and treatment. Since hypovitaminosis D is very frequent in patients with diabetes and vitamin D (VD) has vascular protective properties, several studies have addressed the association of VD deficiency with DR and its severity and progression, whereas the effects of VD supplementation on its natural history are largely unknown. Here we review the available evidence that supports the possible protective role of VD in DR and suggests to determine the VD levels in DR patients calling for a definitive randomized clinical trial to ascertain whether VD supplementation could protect against DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tecilazich
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, San Raffaele Vita Salute University and IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Formenti
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, San Raffaele Vita Salute University and IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Giustina
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, San Raffaele Vita Salute University and IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
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Zhu A, Kuznia S, Niedermaier T, Holleczek B, Schöttker B, Brenner H. Distribution and Determinants of Vitamin D-Binding Protein, Total, "Non-Bioavailable", Bioavailable, and Free 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations among Older Adults. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113982. [PMID: 34836237 PMCID: PMC8624653 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) (“total 25 OH(D)”) is the most commonly used indicator of vitamin D status. However, 25(OH)D is mostly bound to the vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) or albumin in blood, and it has been suggested that the remaining bioavailable or free 25(OH)D may be more relevant for vitamin D associated health outcomes. We aimed to explore distributions and determinants of VDBP, total, bioavailable, complementary “non-bioavailable”, and free 25(OH)D in a large cohort of older adults in Germany. Methods: total 25(OH)D, VDBP, and albumin concentrations were measured in blood samples of 5899 men and women aged 50–75 years and used to calculate bioavailable (and complementary “non-bioavailable”) and free 25(OH)D concentrations. Linear regression models were used to evaluate associations of potential determinants of the various vitamin D biomarkers. Results: mean concentrations of VDBP, total, non-bioavailable, bioavailable, and free 25(OH)D were 323.6 µg/mL, 49.8 nmol/L, 43.4 nmol/L, 2.5 ng/mL, and 5.7 pg/mL, respectively. Seasonal variations were observed for all markers, with peak values in spring for VDBP and in summer for total, non-bioavailable, bioavailable, and free 25(OH)D. Consistent inverse associations were seen with age and body mass index for all markers, but divergent associations were seen with C-reactive protein. Strong variations by VDBP genotypes were seen for bioavailable and free 25(OH)D, and, in opposite direction for non-bioavailable 25(OH)D. Conclusion: commonalities and differences in determinants of various markers of vitamin D status were observed, which may help to enable a better understanding of their potential role for various vitamin D related health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zhu
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (A.Z.); (S.K.); (T.N.); (B.S.)
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Kuznia
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (A.Z.); (S.K.); (T.N.); (B.S.)
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Niedermaier
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (A.Z.); (S.K.); (T.N.); (B.S.)
| | | | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (A.Z.); (S.K.); (T.N.); (B.S.)
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (A.Z.); (S.K.); (T.N.); (B.S.)
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-622-142-1300
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Secci R, Hartmann A, Walter M, Grabe HJ, Van der Auwera-Palitschka S, Kowald A, Palmer D, Rimbach G, Fuellen G, Barrantes I. Biomarkers of geroprotection and cardiovascular health: An overview of omics studies and established clinical biomarkers in the context of diet. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2426-2446. [PMID: 34648415 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1975638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The slowdown, inhibition, or reversal of age-related decline (as a composite of disease, dysfunction, and, ultimately, death) by diet or natural compounds can be defined as dietary geroprotection. While there is no single reliable biomarker to judge the effects of dietary geroprotection, biomarker signatures based on omics (epigenetics, gene expression, microbiome composition) are promising candidates. Recently, omic biomarkers started to supplement established clinical ones such as lipid profiles and inflammatory cytokines. In this review, we focus on human data. We first summarize the current take on genetic biomarkers based on epidemiological studies. However, most of the remaining biomarkers that we describe, whether omics-based or clinical, are related to intervention studies. Then, because of their promising potential in the context of dietary geroprotection, we focus on the effects of berry-based interventions, which up to now have been mostly described employing clinical markers. We provide an aggregation and tabulation of all the recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses that we could find related to this topic. Finally, we present evidence for the importance of the "nutribiography," that is, the influence that an individual's history of diet and natural compound consumption can have on the effects of dietary geroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Secci
- Junior Research Group Translational Bioinformatics, Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Hartmann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Walter
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Pathobiochemistry, Charite University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans Jörgen Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sandra Van der Auwera-Palitschka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Axel Kowald
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Aging Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Daniel Palmer
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Aging Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Gerald Rimbach
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Georg Fuellen
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Aging Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Israel Barrantes
- Junior Research Group Translational Bioinformatics, Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
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10
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Rizza S, Pietroiusti A, Farcomeni A, Mina GG, Caruso M, Virgilio M, Magrini A, Federici M, Coppeta L. Monthly fluctuations in 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels in day and rotating night shift hospital workers. J Endocrinol Invest 2020; 43:1655-1660. [PMID: 32342444 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01265-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Epidemiological studies have suggested that indoor hospital employees, either day or night shift workers, are at high risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Interestingly, previous reports have also described a higher prevalence of vitamin D (25OHD) deficiency among these workers. However, few studies have determined the monthly variations in 25OHD levels in indoor hospital employees. METHODS To address this lack of knowledge, in 2018, during the periodic health surveillance checks at the Service of Occupational Medicine, we measured 25OHD levels in a group of indoor hospital workers (88 rotating night shift workers vs 200 day workers). Each participant received a single annual health surveillance check. RESULTS The mean levels of 25OHD were consistently below the lower limit of the normal range in both groups throughout the year. Only in the summer, day workers but not rotating night shift workers (mean 25.9 ± 11.3 ng/ml vs 23.1 ± 9.1 ng/ml; p = 0.042) showed levels significantly higher than those in the other seasons. This difference remained statistically significant even after correction for study covariates [β = - 1.649 (CI - 0.283/- 3.482), p = 0.039]. A cosinor analysis confirmed that the difference in the 25OHD levels between groups was present later in the year. CONCLUSIONS We found that relatively young healthy hospital workers, especially those with rotating night shifts, in the absence of significant metabolic risk factors, have a high risk of 25OHD deficiency/insufficiency. Because 25OHD deficiency may lead to a progression to more severe conditions such as osteoporosis or bone fractures, our results should be verified in larger cohorts including different ancestries.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rizza
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - A Pietroiusti
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - A Farcomeni
- Department of Economics and Finance, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - G G Mina
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - M Caruso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - M Virgilio
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - A Magrini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - M Federici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - L Coppeta
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
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11
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Riccardi C, Perrone L, Napolitano F, Sampaolo S, Melone MAB. Understanding the Biological Activities of Vitamin D in Type 1 Neurofibromatosis: New Insights into Disease Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Design. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2965. [PMID: 33066259 PMCID: PMC7602022 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble steroid hormone playing a pivotal role in calcium and phosphate homeostasis as well as in bone health. Vitamin D levels are not exclusively dependent on food intake. Indeed, the endogenous production-occurring in the skin and dependent on sun exposure-contributes to the majority amount of vitamin D present in the body. Since vitamin D receptors (VDRs) are ubiquitous and drive the expression of hundreds of genes, the interest in vitamin D has tremendously grown and its role in different diseases has been extensively studied. Several investigations indicated that vitamin D action extends far beyond bone health and calcium metabolism, showing broad effects on a variety of critical illnesses, including cancer, infections, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases. Epidemiological studies indicated that low circulating vitamin D levels inversely correlate with cutaneous manifestations and bone abnormalities, clinical hallmarks of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). NF1 is an autosomal dominant tumour predisposition syndrome causing significant pain and morbidity, for which limited treatment options are available. In this context, vitamin D or its analogues have been used to treat both skin and bone lesions in NF1 patients, alone or combined with other therapeutic agents. Here we provide an overview of vitamin D, its characteristic nutritional properties relevant for health benefits and its role in NF1 disorder. We focus on preclinical and clinical studies that demonstrated the clinical correlation between vitamin D status and NF1 disease, thus providing important insights into disease pathogenesis and new opportunities for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Riccardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Lorena Perrone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Filomena Napolitano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Simone Sampaolo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Mariarosa Anna Beatrice Melone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biology, Temple University, BioLife Building (015-00), 1900 North 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122-6078, USA
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12
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Arosio B, Guerini FR, Costa AS, Dicitore A, Ferri E, Mari D, Torresani E, Clerici M, Cesari M, Vitale G. Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms in Sex-Frailty Paradox. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092714. [PMID: 32899460 PMCID: PMC7551757 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The “male-female health-survival paradox” evidences that the survival advantage observed in women is linked to higher rates of disability and poor health status compared to men, a phenomenon also called the “sex-frailty paradox”. The depletion of vitamin D seems to play a role in the fragilization of old persons, and genetic polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene seem to be involved in regulating the vitamin D pathway. This study correlated the VDR gene polymorphisms (FokI, ApaI, BsmiI, and TaqI) with frailty, computed by frailty index (FI), in 202 persons (127 women and 75 men, aged from 60 to 116 years), aiming to capture the involvement of vitamin D in the sex-frailty paradox. The results showed slightly higher FI (p = 0.05), lower levels of 25(OH)D (p = 0.04), and higher levels of parathyroid hormone PTH (p = 0.002) and phosphorus (p < 0.001) in women than in men. Interestingly, the ApaI minor allele (Aa + aa) showed a significant positive association with FI (p = 0.03) and a negative association with inorganic phosphorus values (p = 0.04) compared to AA genotype only in women, regardless of age. The exact mechanism and the causal role that, in old women, links ApaI polymorphism with frailty are still unclear. However, we could speculate that a specific genetic profiling, other than 25(OH)D levels, play a role in the sex-frailty paradox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Arosio
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (B.A.); (E.F.); (M.C.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Franca Rosa Guerini
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, 20148 Milan, Italy; (A.S.C.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-4030-8376; Fax: +39-02-4030-8438
| | - Andrea Saul Costa
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, 20148 Milan, Italy; (A.S.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Alessandra Dicitore
- Laboratorio Sperimentale di Ricerche di Neuroendocrinologia Geriatrica ed Oncologica, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20095 Cusano Milanino, Italy; (A.D.); (D.M.)
| | - Evelyn Ferri
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (B.A.); (E.F.); (M.C.)
| | - Daniela Mari
- Laboratorio Sperimentale di Ricerche di Neuroendocrinologia Geriatrica ed Oncologica, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20095 Cusano Milanino, Italy; (A.D.); (D.M.)
| | - Erminio Torresani
- Laboratorio Analisi Cliniche Centro di Ricerche e Tecnologie Biomediche, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20095 Cusano Milanino, Italy;
| | - Mario Clerici
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, 20148 Milan, Italy; (A.S.C.); (M.C.)
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (B.A.); (E.F.); (M.C.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Vitale
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Laboratorio Sperimentale di Ricerche di Neuroendocrinologia Geriatrica ed Oncologica, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20095 Cusano Milanino, Italy; (A.D.); (D.M.)
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13
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Zarei M, Najafi M, Movahedi E, Javanbakht MH, Choi YH, Yaseri M, Shirvani A, Sellke FW, Stranges S. The predictive role of circulating telomerase and vitamin D for long-term survival in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237477. [PMID: 32790742 PMCID: PMC7425905 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality all over the globe. Inflammation is believed to play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of CVD. While there are studies on the interrelationship of telomerase and vitamin D and their involvement in CVD, their independent contributions to long-term outcomes in patients with CVD are not well-defined. This study aimed to investigate the association of both telomerase and vitamin D concentrations with 10-year survival among candidates of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. Methods Participants were 404 patients from Tehran Heart Center-Coronary Outcome Measurement (THC-COM) cohort who were recruited from CABG surgery candidates in 2006. In addition to demographic and clinical data including risk factors for coronary artery disease, laboratory parameters such as markers of inflammation as well as baseline serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] and telomerase concentrations were measured. Cardiac function indexes alongside outcome measures such as mortality and survival days were recorded for every patient up to 10 years after CABG. Cox-proportional hazard model was used to study the association between all-cause mortality and research parameters. Results The mean serum telomerase enzyme level was 24.92 ±21.4 nmol/L and the mean serum 25(OH)D was 27.27±10.3 ng/mL. 10-year mortality was reported in 64 (15.8%) patients. 25(OH)D was categorized into three groups (<20, 20–30, and >30) and the cut-point for telomerase was set at 25.0 nmol/L. In Cox regression analysis, higher levels of telomerase (>25 nmol/L) were significantly associated with longer survival (p = 0.041), whereas 25(OH)D concentrations were not associated with survival time. Further analysis showed that telomerase concentrations significantly predicted survival only in the presence of insufficient levels of 25(OH)D (20–30 ng/mL) (p = 0.037). Conclusions Telomerase can be regarded as a potential predictor of long-term outcomes in patients who underwent CABG. However, the association of telomerase with the mortality may be modified by vitamin D concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Zarei
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutritional Sciences & Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Najafi
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Elnaz Movahedi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutritional Sciences & Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamad Hassan Javanbakht
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutritional Sciences & Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yun-Hee Choi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Shirvani
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Nutrition, and Diabetes, Vitamin D, Skin and Bone Research Laboratory, Boston University Medical Campus, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Frank W. Sellke
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Saverio Stranges
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
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