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Cheng T, Wu F, Chen C, Zhang X, Zhang M, Cui L, Dai Y, Hou B, Tian Y, Zhu J. Synergistic Interactions Among Iron and Cobalt Atoms Within Bimetallic Molybdate@Carbon Paper Composite Create Bifunctional Nanoflower Electrocatalyst, Enhancing Efficiency for Overall Water Splitting in Alkaline Environment. Molecules 2025; 30:844. [PMID: 40005154 PMCID: PMC11858107 DOI: 10.3390/molecules30040844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2025] [Accepted: 02/08/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Electrocatalytic water splitting is a promising approach for obtaining clean hydrogen energy. In this work, novel molybdate@carbon paper composite electrocatalysts (CoxFe10-xMoO@CP), displaying outstanding electrocatalytic capabilities, were deriving from anchoring cobalt/iron molybdate materials onto the surface of carbon paper fibers. By adjusting the cobalt-to-iron ratio, the composite (Co5Fe5MoO@CP), with the optimal molar proportion (Co/Fe = 5/5), exhibited a distinctive nanoflower morphology (50-100 nm), which provided a significant number of active sites for electrocatalytic reactions, and showed the strongest electrocatalytic potency for both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Specifically, the overpotentials for HER and OER were 123.6 and 245 mV at 10 mA·cm-2, with a Tafel slope of 78.3 and 92.2 mV·dec-1, respectively. The hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions remained favorable and stable over 35 days and 2 weeks of cyclic voltammetry cycles. In a two-electrode system, efficient overall water splitting was achieved at a cell voltage of 1.60 V. Under high alkaline concentration and temperature conditions, the Co5Fe5MoO@CP composite still maintained excellent HER and OER catalytic activity and stability, indicating its satisfactory potential for industrial applications. Density functional theory (DFT) analysis revealed that the promoted hydrogen evolution capability derived from the synergistic catalytic effect of iron and cobalt atoms within the molecule, while cobalt atoms functioned as the catalytic core for the oxygen evolution process. This work provides a novel strategy towards high-efficiency electrocatalysts to significantly accelerate the overall water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Cheng
- School of Environmental Ecology, The City Vocational College of Jiangsu, Nanjing 210017, China; (T.C.); (X.Z.)
- Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Centre for Ecological and Environmental Protection in Urban and Rural Water Environment Management and Low Carbon Development, Nanjing 210017, China
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (F.W.); (M.Z.); (L.C.); (B.H.); (Y.T.); (J.Z.)
| | - Fei Wu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (F.W.); (M.Z.); (L.C.); (B.H.); (Y.T.); (J.Z.)
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (F.W.); (M.Z.); (L.C.); (B.H.); (Y.T.); (J.Z.)
| | - Xiao Zhang
- School of Environmental Ecology, The City Vocational College of Jiangsu, Nanjing 210017, China; (T.C.); (X.Z.)
- Nanjing University and Yancheng Academy of Environmental Protection Technology and Engineering, Yancheng 224000, China
| | - Mengyi Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (F.W.); (M.Z.); (L.C.); (B.H.); (Y.T.); (J.Z.)
| | - Liwei Cui
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (F.W.); (M.Z.); (L.C.); (B.H.); (Y.T.); (J.Z.)
| | - Youzhi Dai
- College of Environment and Resource, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China;
| | - Baoxuan Hou
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (F.W.); (M.Z.); (L.C.); (B.H.); (Y.T.); (J.Z.)
| | - Yuan Tian
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (F.W.); (M.Z.); (L.C.); (B.H.); (Y.T.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jiarui Zhu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (F.W.); (M.Z.); (L.C.); (B.H.); (Y.T.); (J.Z.)
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Chatenet M, Pollet BG, Dekel DR, Dionigi F, Deseure J, Millet P, Braatz RD, Bazant MZ, Eikerling M, Staffell I, Balcombe P, Shao-Horn Y, Schäfer H. Water electrolysis: from textbook knowledge to the latest scientific strategies and industrial developments. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:4583-4762. [PMID: 35575644 PMCID: PMC9332215 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01079k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 109.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Replacing fossil fuels with energy sources and carriers that are sustainable, environmentally benign, and affordable is amongst the most pressing challenges for future socio-economic development. To that goal, hydrogen is presumed to be the most promising energy carrier. Electrocatalytic water splitting, if driven by green electricity, would provide hydrogen with minimal CO2 footprint. The viability of water electrolysis still hinges on the availability of durable earth-abundant electrocatalyst materials and the overall process efficiency. This review spans from the fundamentals of electrocatalytically initiated water splitting to the very latest scientific findings from university and institutional research, also covering specifications and special features of the current industrial processes and those processes currently being tested in large-scale applications. Recently developed strategies are described for the optimisation and discovery of active and durable materials for electrodes that ever-increasingly harness first-principles calculations and machine learning. In addition, a technoeconomic analysis of water electrolysis is included that allows an assessment of the extent to which a large-scale implementation of water splitting can help to combat climate change. This review article is intended to cross-pollinate and strengthen efforts from fundamental understanding to technical implementation and to improve the 'junctions' between the field's physical chemists, materials scientists and engineers, as well as stimulate much-needed exchange among these groups on challenges encountered in the different domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Chatenet
- University Grenoble Alpes, University Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering and Management University Grenoble Alpes), LEPMI, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Bruno G Pollet
- Hydrogen Energy and Sonochemistry Research group, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
- Green Hydrogen Lab, Institute for Hydrogen Research (IHR), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), 3351 Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, Québec G9A 5H7, Canada
| | - Dario R Dekel
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
- The Nancy & Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP), Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Fabio Dionigi
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Division, Technical University Berlin, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonathan Deseure
- University Grenoble Alpes, University Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering and Management University Grenoble Alpes), LEPMI, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre Millet
- Paris-Saclay University, ICMMO (UMR 8182), 91400 Orsay, France
- Elogen, 8 avenue du Parana, 91940 Les Ulis, France
| | - Richard D Braatz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Martin Z Bazant
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Michael Eikerling
- Chair of Theory and Computation of Energy Materials, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Intzestraße 5, 52072 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research, IEK-13: Modelling and Simulation of Materials in Energy Technology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Iain Staffell
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paul Balcombe
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Renewable Energy, School of Engineering and Material Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Yang Shao-Horn
- Research Laboratory of Electronics and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Helmut Schäfer
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, The Electrochemical Energy and Catalysis Group, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 7, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
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