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Wang Z, Li M, Cao W, Liu Z, Kong D, Jiang W. Efficient photocatalytic degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid by bismuth nanoparticle modified titanium dioxide. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:172028. [PMID: 38575014 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is potentially toxic and exceptionally stable attributed to its robust CF bond, which is hard to be removed by UV/TiO2 systems. In this research, bismuth nanoparticle (Bi NP) modified titanium oxides (Bi/TiO2) were synthesized by a simple photochemical deposition-calcination method and were applied as photocatalysts for the first time to degrade PFOA. The removal rate of 50 mg/L PFOA reached 99.3 % with 58.6 % defluorination rate after 30 min of irradiation via a mercury lamp. Bi/TiO2 exhibited superior performance in PFOA degradation compared to commercial photocatalysts (TiO2, Ga2O3, Bi2O3 and In2O3). In addition, Bi/TiO2 showed high degradation activity under actual sunlight, achieved 100 % removal rate and 59.3 % defluorination rate within 2 h. Bi NPs increase the light trapping ability of Bi/TiO2 and promote the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs via local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect, which results in more photogenerated holes (h+) and hydroxyl radicals (OH). Combined with DFT calculations and intermediate detections, the degradation reaction is initiated from the oxidation of the PFOA carboxyl group via h+, followed by the loss of the CF2 unit step by step with the participation of OH. This work presents a novel approach for the practical implementation of TiO2-based photocatalysts to achieve highly efficient photocatalytic degradation of perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyang Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Cao
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Deyang Kong
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing 210042, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Duan L, Wei J, Wei J, Wang M, Wang Y, Cheng X, Gu M, Zhang X, Wen X, Song Y. Insight into the key role of oxygen dopants over ball-milled boron nitride for efficient degradation of PFOS alternative 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130419. [PMID: 36455329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
6:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6:2 FTS) has been identified as an alternative to perfluorooctane sulfonic acid but has been proven to cause potential threats to humans and the environment. In this study, boron nitride (BN) photocatalysis was explored for 6:2 FTS degradation with 100% removal (kobs=1.8 h-1) and desulfurization rate of 100% as well as the defluorination rate of 57.3%. The superior performance of BN was primarily related to oxygen dopants defects (O-dopants). In addition, O-dopants contribution was confirmed by ball-milled BN (B-BN), which introduced more O-dopants and exhibited an increased 6:2 FTS degradation rate of 2.88 h-1. The decomposition of 6:2 FTS was attributed to holes (h+), hydroxyl radicals (•OH), and superoxide (•O2-) and proceeded via two pathways, the hydrogen abstraction from ethyl carbons by •OH and the C-S bond activation by h+ and •OH. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating that h+, •OH, and •O2- played significant roles in the heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of 6:2 FTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Jinshan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Minghao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute of Environmental Information, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Cheng
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengbin Gu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianghua Wen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yonghui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Yin S, Villagrán D. Design of nanomaterials for the removal of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in water: Strategies, mechanisms, challenges, and opportunities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 831:154939. [PMID: 35367257 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to their persistent and pervasive distribution and their adverse effects on human health, the removal of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from the environment has been the focus of current research. Recent studies have shown that engineered nanomaterials provide great opportunities for their removal by chemical, physical and electrochemical adsorption methods, or as photo- or electrocatalysts that promote their degradation. This review summarizes and discusses the performance of recently reported nanomaterials towards PFAS removal in water treatment applications. We discuss the performance, mechanisms, and PFAS removal conditions of a variety of nanomaterials, including carbon-based, non-metal, single-metal, and multi-metal nanomaterials. We show that nanotechnology provides significant opportunities for PFAS remediation and further nanomaterial development can provide solutions for the removal of PFAS from the environment. We also provide an overview of the current challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), USA
| | - Dino Villagrán
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), USA.
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Removal of Chloroacetanilide Herbicides from Water Using Heterogeneous Photocatalysis with TiO2/UV-A. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12060597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chloroacetanilide herbicides are widely used in the agricultural sector throughout the world. Because of their poor biodegradability, high water solubility, and long persistence, chloroacetanilide herbicides have a high potential to contaminate water, and conventional water treatment processes do not ensure sufficient removal. Therefore, heterogeneous photocatalysis using TiO2/UV-A was investigated for the degradation of alachlor, acetochlor, and metolachlor from water. Two commercially available TiO2 (P25 and AV-01) were used as photocatalysts. Different experimental setups were also tested. In addition, the toxicity of single herbicides and mixtures of their photocatalytic degradation products to the freshwater alga Chlorella kessleri was investigated via a growth inhibition test. The maximum removal efficiency for alachlor, acetochlor, and metolachlor was 97.5%, 93.1%, and 98.2%, respectively. No significant differences in the removal efficiency of chloroacetanilide herbicides were observed for the photocatalysts used. Although the concentrations of all herbicides during photocatalysis decreased, the toxicity of the resulting mixtures of degradation products increased or remained the same, indicating the formation of toxic degradation products.
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Birch QT, Birch ME, Nadagouda MN, Dionysiou DD. Nano-enhanced treatment of per-fluorinated and poly-fluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS). Curr Opin Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2021.100779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Yuan Y, Feng L, He X, Liu X, Xie N, Ai Z, Zhang L, Gong J. Efficient removal of PFOA with an In 2O 3/persulfate system under solar light via the combined process of surface radicals and photogenerated holes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127176. [PMID: 34555762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The environmental persistence, high toxicity and wide spread presence of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in aquatic environment urgently necessitate the development of advanced technologies to eliminate PFOA. Here, the simultaneous application of a heterogeneous In2O3 photocatalyst and homogeneous persulfate oxidation (In2O3/PS) was demonstrated for PFOA degradation under solar light irradiation. The synergistic effect of direct hole oxidation and in-situ generated radicals, especially surface radicals, was found to contribute significantly to PFOA defluorination. Fourier infrared transform (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman, electrochemical scanning microscope (SECM) tests and density functional theory (DFT) calculation showed that the pre-adsorption of PFOA and PS onto In2O3 surface were dramatically critical steps, which could efficiently facilitate the direct hole oxidation of PFOA, and boost PS activation to yield high surface-confined radicals, thus prompting PFOA degradation. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to regulate the operation parameters for PFOA defluorination. Outstanding PFOA decomposition (98.6%) and near-stoichiometric equivalents of fluorides release were achieved within illumination 10 h. An underlying mechanism for PFOA destruction was proposed via a stepwise losing CF2 unit. The In2O3/PS remediation system under solar light provides an economical, sustainable and environmentally friendly approach for complete mineralization of PFOA, displaying a promising potential for treatment of PFOA-containing water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Lizhen Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Xianqin He
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Ning Xie
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Zhihui Ai
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Jingming Gong
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China.
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Lenka SP, Kah M, Padhye LP. A review of the occurrence, transformation, and removal of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in wastewater treatment plants. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 199:117187. [PMID: 34010737 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) comprise more than 4,000 anthropogenically manufactured compounds with widescale consumer and industrial applications. This critical review compiles the latest information on the worldwide distribution of PFAS and evaluates their fate in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). A large proportion (>30%) of monitoring studies in WWTPs were conducted in China, followed by Europe (30%) and North America (16%), whereas information is generally lacking for other parts of the world, including most of the developing countries. Short and long-chain perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) were widely detected in both the influents (up to 1,000 ng/L) and effluents (15 to >1,500 ng/L) of WWTPs. To date, limited data is available regarding levels of PFAS precursors and ultra-short chain PFAS in WWTPs. Most WWTPs exhibited low removal efficiencies for PFAS, and many studies reported an increase in the levels of PFAAs after wastewater treatment. The analysis of the fate of various classes of PFAS at different wastewater treatment stages (aerobic and/aerobic biodegradation, photodegradation, and chemical degradation) revealed biodegradation as the primary mechanism responsible for the transformation of PFAS precursors to PFAAs in WWTPs. Remediation studies at full scale and laboratory scale suggest advanced processes such as adsorption using ion exchange resins, electrochemical degradation, and nanofiltration are more effective in removing PFAS (~95-100%) than conventional processes. However, the applicability of such treatments for real-world WWTPs faces significant challenges due to the scaling-up requirements, mass-transfer limitations, and management of treatment by-products and wastes. Combining more than one technique for effective removal of PFAS, while addressing limitations of the individual treatments, could be beneficial. Considering environmental concentrations of PFAS, cost-effectiveness, and ease of operation, nanofiltration followed by adsorption using wood-derived biochar and/or activated carbons could be a viable option if introduced to conventional treatment systems. However, the large-scale applicability of the same needs to be further verified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melanie Kah
- School of Environment, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lokesh P Padhye
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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8
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Development and Characterization of Composite Carbon Adsorbents with Photocatalytic Regeneration Ability: Application to Diclofenac Removal from Water. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11020173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents results related to the development of a carbon composite intended for water purification. The aim was to develop an adsorbent that could be regenerated using light leading to complete degradation of pollutants and avoiding the secondary pollution caused by regeneration. The composites were prepared by hydrothermal carbonization of palm kernel shells, TiO2, and W followed by activation at 400 °C under N2 flow. To evaluate the regeneration using light, photocatalytic experiments were carried out under UV-A, UV-B, and visible lights. The materials were thoroughly characterized, and their performance was evaluated for diclofenac removal. A maximum of 74% removal was observed with the composite containing TiO2, carbon, and W (HCP25W) under UV-B irradiation and non-adjusted pH (~5). Almost similar results were observed for the material that did not contain tungsten. The best results using visible light were achieved with HCP25W providing 24% removal of diclofenac, demonstrating the effect of W in the composite. Both the composites had significant amounts of oxygen-containing functional groups. The specific surface area of HCP25W was about 3 m2g−1, while for HCP25, it was 160 m2g−1. Increasing the specific surface area using a higher activation temperature (600 °C) adversely affected diclofenac removal due to the loss of the surface functional groups. Regeneration of the composite under UV-B light led to a complete recovery of the adsorption capacity. These results show that TiO2- and W-containing carbon composites are interesting materials for water treatment and they could be regenerated using photocatalysis.
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Nguyen VH, Smith SM, Wantala K, Kajitvichyanukul P. Photocatalytic remediation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs): A review. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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10
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Membrane Removal of Emerging Contaminants from Water: Which Kind of Membranes Should We Use? MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10110305. [PMID: 33113828 PMCID: PMC7692316 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10110305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Membrane technologies are nowadays widely used; especially various types of filtration or reverse osmosis in households, desalination plants, pharmaceutical applications etc. Facing water pollution, they are also applied to eliminate emerging contaminants from water. Incomplete knowledge directs the composition of membranes towards more and more dense materials known for their higher selectivity compared to porous constituents. This paper evaluates advantages and disadvantages of well-known membrane materials that separate on the basis of particle size, usually exposed to a large amount of water, versus dense hydrophobic membranes with target transport of emerging contaminants through a selective barrier. In addition, the authors present several membrane processes employing the second type of membrane.
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Sun B, Li Q, Zheng M, Su G, Lin S, Wu M, Li C, Wang Q, Tao Y, Dai L, Qin Y, Meng B. Recent advances in the removal of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) using multifunctional materials:a review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114908. [PMID: 32540566 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have gained heightened attentions in recent years owing to their persistent property and hazard influence on wild life and human beings. Removal of POPs using varieties of multifunctional materials have shown a promising prospect compared with conventional treatments. Herein, three main categories, including thermal degradation, electrochemical remediation, as well as photocatalytic degradation with the use of diverse catalytic materials, especially the recently developed prominent ones were comprehensively reviewed. Kinetic analysis and underlying mechanism for various POPs degradation processes were addressed in detail. The review also systematically documented how catalytic performance was dramatically affected by the nature of the material itself, the structure of target pollutants, reaction conditions and treatment techniques. Moreover, the future challenges and prospects of POPs degradation by means of multiple multifunctional materials were outlined accordingly. Knowing this is of immense significance to enhance our understanding of POPs remediation procedures and promote the development of novel multifunctional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco- Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco- Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Minghui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco- Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guijin Su
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco- Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Shijing Lin
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, 102617, PR China
| | - Mingge Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco- Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chuanqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco- Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qingliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco- Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuming Tao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco- Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lingwen Dai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco- Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco- Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bowen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco- Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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12
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Xiang J, Zheng W, Yan J, Liang X, Zhang H, Liu B, Zou W. Thermally Driven Separation of Perfluoroalkyl Substances with High Efficiency. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:40759-40767. [PMID: 32811144 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), can contaminate the surface and groundwater. Common treatment strategies and adsorbents have low adsorption efficiencies and poor selectivity toward PFASs because of the extremely low surface energy of these compounds. This paper reports the use of a phenolic resin (PR) modified with perfluoroalkyl (PFA) segments and thermally sensitive poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) segments (PR-PEG-PFA) to remove PFOA and PFOS from water. The modified PR microspheres captured >90% of PFASs and were insensitive to common anionic surfactants. By treating simulated wastewater six times with this material, the PFOA concentration in water was reduced from 1 ppm to 43 ppt (43 ng L-1), showing that PR-PEG-PFA is a promising adsorbent for PFAS separation, recovery, and recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong 643000, P R China
| | - Wenjiang Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong 643000, P R China
| | - Jie Yan
- College of Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong 643000, P R China
| | - XiaoFeng Liang
- College of Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong 643000, P R China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Zhonghao Chenguang Chemical Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Zigong 643201, P R China
| | - Bo Liu
- Zhonghao Chenguang Chemical Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Zigong 643201, P R China
| | - Wei Zou
- College of Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong 643000, P R China
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13
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Zhang W, Efstathiadis H, Li L, Liang Y. Environmental factors affecting degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) by In 2O 3 nanoparticles. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 93:48-56. [PMID: 32446459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanophotocatalysts have shown great potential for degrading poly- and perfluorinated substances (PFAS). In light of the fact that most of these catalysts were studied in pure water, this study was designed to elucidate effects from common environmental factors on decomposing and defluorinating perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) by In2O3 nanoparticles. Results from this work demonstrated that among the seven parameters, pH, sulfate, chloride, H2O2, In2O3 dose, NOM and O2, the first four had statistically significant negative effects on PFOA degradation. Since PFOA is a strong acid, the best condition leading to the highest PFOA removal was identified for two pH ranges. When pH was between 4 and 8, the optimal condition was: pH = 4.2; sulfate = 5.00 mg/L; chloride = 20.43 mg/L; H2O2 = 0 mmol/L. Under this condition, PFOA decomposition and defluorination were 55.22 and 23.56%, respectively. When pH was between 2 and 6, the optimal condition was: pH = 2; sulfate = 5.00 mg/L; chloride = 27.31 mg/L; H2O2 = 0 mmol/L. With this condition, the modeled PFOA decomposition was 97.59% with a defluorination of approximately 100%. These predicted results were all confirmed by experimental data. Thus, In2O3 nanoparticles can be used for degrading PFOA in aqueous solutions. This approach works best when the target contaminated water contains low concentrations of NOM, sulfate and chloride and at a low pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilan Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Harry Efstathiadis
- Department of Nanoengineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY 12203, USA
| | - Lingyun Li
- New York State Department of Health, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY 12237, USA
| | - Yanna Liang
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
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14
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Javed H, Lyu C, Sun R, Zhang D, Alvarez PJJ. Discerning the inefficacy of hydroxyl radicals during perfluorooctanoic acid degradation. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 247:125883. [PMID: 31978654 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a recalcitrant contaminant of emerging concern, and there is growing interest in advanced oxidation processes to degrade it. However, there is ambiguity in the literature about the efficacy of hydroxyl radicals (OH) for degrading PFOA. Here, we resolve this controversy by comparing PFOA degradation by UV photolysis (254 nm, 6 × 10-6 E/L.s) versus UV + H2O2, which produces OH. We optimized OH production in a UV + H2O2 system using nitrobenzene (NB) as a OH probe, but even under optimized conditions (i.e., 5 g/L H2O2), no significant difference occurred in PFOA removal by UV photolysis (21.1 ± 0.4%) versus UV + H2O2 (19.7 ± 0.7%) after 1-day treatment. Both treatments also resulted in similar daughter by-product concentrations and defluorination efficiencies (9.5 ± 1.7% for UV photolysis and 6.8 ± 1.0% for UV + H2O2), which indicates that OH is ineffective towards PFOA degradation and infers that other degradation mechanisms that are independent of OH production should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Javed
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), USA; Dept. of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Cong Lyu
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Ruonan Sun
- Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Danning Zhang
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), USA; Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Pedro J J Alvarez
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), USA; Dept. of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA; Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
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15
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Guo J, Cheng J, Tan H, Sun Q, Yang J, Liu W. Constructing a novel and high-performance liquid nanoparticle additive from a Ga-based liquid metal. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:9208-9218. [PMID: 32307469 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10621a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of a high-performance nanoparticle (NP) additive for lubricating oil is a research hotspot for the tribology and engineering areas. In this study, the concept of a novel liquid nano-additive has been proposed based on the emergence of Ga-based liquid metals (GLMs), which display excellent extreme-pressure and high-temperature lubricity. Herein, the liquid NPs (designated as GLM-NP/C12) were prepared from a GLM droplet through the ultrasonic method, modified with 1-dodecanethiol, and are mainly distributed at 286 ± 21 nm. They have a core-shell structure with liquid-state GLM on the inside, and gallium oxide and a self-assembled alkylthiolate monolayer on the outside. In terms of the tribological performance, GLM-NP/C12s have a wonderful dispersion-stability in PAO10 oil, and provide excellent anti-adhesion, friction-reducing, and wear-resistance properties. When the additive concentration was 0.17 wt% in PAO10, the friction coefficient was reduced by 39% and the wear rate was reduced by 93% compared to those lubricated by the neat PAO10. This kind of liquid nano-additive has the advantages of easy preparation, internal composition regulation and recyclability, compared to conventional solid NPs. In addition, the liquid NPs were readily introduced into the frictional interfaces. More generally, the optimal additive concentration of the liquid NPs was much lower than that of the solid NPs. This observation has important implications for understanding the differences of the lubrication mechanisms between the solid and liquid nano-additives, and may provide a new design method and strategy of nano-additives for lubricating oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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16
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Yuan Y, Feng L, Xie N, Zhang L, Gong J. Rapid photochemical decomposition of perfluorooctanoic acid mediated by a comprehensive effect of nitrogen dioxide radicals and Fe 3+/Fe 2+ redox cycle. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 388:121730. [PMID: 31784137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Developing efficient methods to degrade perfluorochemicals (PFCs), an emerging class of highly recalcitrant contaminants, are urgently needed in recent years, due to their persistence, high toxicity, and resistance to most regular treatment procedures. Here, a UV-photolysis system is reported for efficient mineralization of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) via irradiation of ferric nitrate aqueous solution, where in-situ generating •NO2 and the effective Fe3+/Fe2+ redox cycle synergistically play great roles on rapidly mediating the mineralization of PFOA. A fast PFOA removal kinetics with first-order kinetic constants of 2.262 h-1 is observed at initial PFOA concentration of 5 ppm (50 mL volume), reaching ∼ 92 % removal efficiency within only 0.5-h irradiation. Near-stoichiometric fluoride ions liberation and high total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency (∼100 %) further validated the capability for completely destructive removal of PFOA. A tentative pathway for PFOA destruction is proposed. This work, by UV photolysis of abundant existing iron/nitrate-based systems in natural environment, provides an economical, sustainable and highly efficient approach for complete mineralization of perfluorinated chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Lizhen Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Ning Xie
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China.
| | - Jingming Gong
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China.
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17
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Xu B, Zhou JL, Altaee A, Ahmed MB, Johir MAH, Ren J, Li X. Improved photocatalysis of perfluorooctanoic acid in water and wastewater by Ga 2O 3/UV system assisted by peroxymonosulfate. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 239:124722. [PMID: 31494318 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) has attracted considerable attention worldwide due to its widespread occurrence and environmental impacts. This research focused on the photocatalytic process for the treatment of PFOA in water and wastewater. Gallium oxide (Ga2O3) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) were mixed directly in PFOA solution, which was irradiated under different light sources. The treatment system showed excellent performance that 100% PFOA was degraded within 90 min and 60 min under 254 nm and 185 nm UV irradiation, respectively. Moreover, the degradation efficacy was unaffected by initial PFOA concentration from 50 ng L-1 to 50 mg L-1. Acidic solution (pH 3) improved the degradation process. The quantum yield in the PMS/Ga2O3 system under UV light (254 nm) was estimated to be 0.009 mol E-1. Scavengers such as tert-butanol (t-BuOH), disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA-Na2) and benzoquinone (BQ) were added into PFOA solution to prove that sulfate radicals (SO4•-), superoxide radical (O2•-) and photogenerated electrons (e-) were the main active species with strong redox ability for PFOA degradation in PMS/Ga2O3/UV system. Combined with the intermediates analysis, PFOA was degraded stepwise from long chain compound to shorter chain intermediates. In addition, PFOA in real wastewater exhibited similar degradation efficiency, together with 75-85% TOC removal by Ga2O3/PMS under 254 nm UV irradiation. Therefore, Ga2O3/PMS system was highly effective for PFOA photodegradation under UV irradiation, which has potential to be applied for the perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) treatment in water and wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bentuo Xu
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - John L Zhou
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Ali Altaee
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Mohammad B Ahmed
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Md Abu Hasan Johir
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Jiawei Ren
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Xiaowei Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Institute for the Conservation of Cultural Heritage, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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18
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Sun Y, Li G, Wang W, Gu W, Wong PK, An T. Photocatalytic defluorination of perfluorooctanoic acid by surface defective BiOCl: Fast microwave solvothermal synthesis and photocatalytic mechanisms. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 84:69-79. [PMID: 31284918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for developing cost-effective methods for the treatment of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) due to its global emergence and potential risks. In this study, taking surface-defective BiOCl as an example, a strategy of surface oxygen vacancy modulation was used to promote the photocatalytic defluorination efficiency of PFOA under simulated sunlight irradiation. The defective BiOCl was fabricated by a fast microwave solvothermal method, which was found to induce more surface oxygen vacancies than conventional solvothermal and precipitation methods. As a result, the as-prepared BiOCl showed significantly enhanced defluorination efficiency, which was 2.7 and 33.8 times higher than that of BiOCl fabricated by conventional solvothermal and precipitation methods, respectively. Mechanistic studies indicated that the defluorination of PFOA follows a direct hole (h+) oxidation pathway with the aid of •OH, while the oxygen vacancies not only promote charge separation but also facilitate the intimate contact between the photocatalyst surface and PFOA by coordinating with its terminal carboxylate group in a bidentate or bridging mode. This work will provide a general strategy of oxygen vacancy modulation by microwave-assisted methods for efficient photocatalytic defluorination of PFOA in the environment using sunlight as the energy source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Sun
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wanjun Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Wenquan Gu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Po Keung Wong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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19
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Zhang W, Zhang D, Liang Y. Nanotechnology in remediation of water contaminated by poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 247:266-276. [PMID: 30685667 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This article gives an overview of nanotechnologies applied in remediation of water contaminated by poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). The use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in physical sorption and photochemical reactions offers a promising solution in PFAS removal because of the high surface area and the associated high reactivities of the ENMs. Modification of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (e.g., oxidation, applying electrochemical assistance) significantly improves their adsorption rate and capacity for PFASs removal and opens a new door for use of CNTs in environmental remediation. Modified nanosized iron oxides with high adsorption capacity and magnetic property have also been demonstrated to be ideal sorbents for PFASs with great recyclability and thus provide an excellent alternative for PFAS removal under various conditions. Literature shows that PFOA, which is one of the most common PFASs detected at contaminated sites, can be effectively decomposed in the presence of either TiO2-based, Ga2O3-based, or In2O3-based nano-photocatalysts under UV irradiation. The decomposition abilities and mechanisms of different nano-photocatalysts are reviewed and compared in this paper. Particularly, the nanosized In2O3 photocatalysts have the best potential in PFOA decomposition and the decomposition performance is closely related to the specific surface area and the amount of photogenerated holes on the surfaces of In2O3 nanostructures. In addition to detailed review of the published studies, future prospects of using nanotechnology for PFAS remediation are also discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilan Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Dongqing Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Yanna Liang
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
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20
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Liang ST, Wang HZ, Liu J. Progress, Mechanisms and Applications of Liquid-Metal Catalyst Systems. Chemistry 2018; 24:17616-17626. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ting Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine; Tsinghua University; Beijing China
| | - Hong-Zhang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine; Tsinghua University; Beijing China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine; Tsinghua University; Beijing China
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
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