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Marques OFC, de Oliveira ER, Gandra JR, Peixoto ELT, Monção FP, de Araújo Gabriel AM, Neves NF, Silva JT, Banys VL, de Lima BM. Dietary replacement of soybean meal with heat-treated grain soybean in diets of feedlot-finished beef cattle: impacts on intake, digestibility, and ruminal parameters. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 56:13. [PMID: 38102489 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03862-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the impact of increasing levels of heat-treated soybean in the diet of crossbred cattle during the finishing phase on nutrient intake and digestibility, ruminal parameters, digesta passage rate, nitrogen balance, and microbial protein synthesis. Five steers, crossbred 7/8 Jersey x Zebu, fitted with rumen cannulas and with an average weight of 350 ± 50 kg, were utilized. The experimental treatments consisted of 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28% inclusion of heat-treated soybean in the total diet dry matter. The animals were randomly allocated in a 5 × 5 Latin square design. Evaluation of the animals took place over five experimental periods, each lasting 20 days. During each experimental period, the first 15 days were allocated for animal adaptation to the experimental diets, followed by five days of data collection. No significant differences were observed among the diets in terms of dry matter intake (average of 6.57 kg day-1; P = 0.615) and organic matter intake (average of 6.23 kg day-1; P = 0.832). However, heat-treated soybean had a significant impact on the digestibility of dry matter (P = 0.02), organic matter (P = 0.01), crude protein (P < 0.01), and neutral detergent fiber (P < 0.01). There was no observed change on microbial protein synthesis (average of 409.6 g day-1) in animals with the inclusion of heat-treated soybean in the diets. With each 1% inclusion of heat-treated soybean in the cattle diet, there was an increase of 0.00754 units in ruminal pH values and a reduction of 0.75839 mg dL-1 in ruminal ammoniacal nitrogen values. This study suggests that heat-treated soybean can be included in up to 15% of the dry matter in diets for finishing feedlot cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlando Filipe Costa Marques
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rod. Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Dourados, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Euclides Reuter de Oliveira
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rod. Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Dourados, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Rodrigues Gandra
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Sul and Sudeste of Pará, R. Alberto Santos Dumont, Minas Gerais, Xinguara, PA, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Lucas Terra Peixoto
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rod. Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Dourados, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Flávio Pinto Monção
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Avenue Reinaldo Viana, Janaúba, Minas Gerais, 2630, Brazil.
| | - Andréa Maria de Araújo Gabriel
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rod. Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Dourados, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Nathálie Ferreira Neves
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rod. Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Dourados, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Janaína Tayna Silva
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rod. Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Dourados, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia Banys
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Jataí, Rua Riachuelo - Setor - Samuel Grahan, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Brasilino Moreira de Lima
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rod. Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Dourados, Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil
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Rodríguez GB, Elghandour MMM, Adegbeye MJ, Salem AZM. Effect of propionate, monensin, and saccharomyces cerevisiae or their combination on production and rumen fermentation of holstein steers. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:125. [PMID: 36944810 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03540-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of calcium propionate (PrCa), PrCa + monensin sodium (PrCa + Mon), and PrCa + Saccharomyces cerevisiae (PrCa + Sc) on the productive performance of Holstein steers. Twenty-four Holstein steers (270.0 ± 25.85 kg) were distributed individually into four treatments of six replicates. The treatments were control (no additives), PrCa (10 g/kg), PrCa + Mon (10 g/kg + 30 mg/kg), and PrCa + Sc (10 g/kg + 12.8 × 109 cfu). The steers were fed for 43 days, and afterwards, nutrient intake and digestibility as well as volatile fatty acids were determined, while the weight gained, feed efficiency, and CH4 production were calculated. Diet of PrCa + Sc had the highest (P < 0.0001) acid detergent fiber intake and propionate acid as well as the nutrient digestibility, with lowest (P < 0.0001) rumen acetic acid, methane, and protozoa concentration versus other diets. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of PrCa + Sc (10 g/kg + 12.8 × 109 cfu) improved nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, and reduced methane emission, thereby enhancing the possibility of ecofriendly ruminant farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- German Buendía Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Regional Centro, CIRCE, INIFAP, Campo Experimental Valle de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mona M M Elghandour
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria Y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, State of Mexico, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Moyosore J Adegbeye
- Department of Animal Production and Health, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Abdelfattah Z M Salem
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria Y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, State of Mexico, Toluca, Mexico.
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Abeni F. Effects of extrinsic factors on some rumination patterns: A review. FRONTIERS IN ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fanim.2022.1047829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The rumen and its activity, rumination, are the characterizing traits of the suborder Ruminantia, and it is accompanied by related feeding habits and consequent animal behavior. Several extrinsic (not related to the animal itself) factors affect rumination behavior; most are reflected in rumination timing (considering overall daily duration as well as circadian differences in rumination patterns): age, environmental factors, and diet. For these reasons, great efforts have been sustained at the research level for monitoring rumination patterns. Currently, some research outcomes are applied at the farm level; others are still at the experimental level. All of these efforts are finalized mainly for the use of rumination pattern recording as an effective prediction tool for the early detection of health and welfare problems, both in a single head and at the herd level. Moreover, knowledge of the effects of extrinsic factors on rumination physiology represents a great challenge for improving the efficiency of ruminant livestock management, from the diet to the housing system, from parasites to heat stress. The present review deals mainly with the worldwide raised ruminant species.
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