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Gomez HAG, Niederauer GF, Minatel IO, Antunes ERM, Carneiro MJ, Sawaya ACHF, Zanus MC, Ritschel PS, Quecini V, Pereira Lima GP, Marques MOM. Metabolite profiling reveals the influence of grapevine genetic distance on the chemical signature of juices. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:2383-2397. [PMID: 37961851 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yield, disease tolerance, and climate adaptation are important traits in grapevine genetic breeding programs. Selection for these characteristics causes unpredictable changes in primary and specialized metabolism, affecting the physicochemical properties and chemical composition of the berries and their processed products, juice, and wine. In this study, we investigated the influence of the genetic distance between grapevine genotypes on the chemical signatures of the juices, by integrating comprehensive metabolic profiling to genetic analyses. RESULTS The studied grapevine cultivars exhibited low genetic diversity. Breeding for agronomic traits promoted higher contents of soluble sugars, total phenolics, and anthocyanins in the juices. Untargeted juice metabolomics identified a total of 147 metabolites, consisting of 30 volatiles, 21 phenolics, and 96 ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) features. Juices from grapes of the most recent cultivars exhibited increased levels of trans-resveratrol, catechin, and luteolin. The blend of volatiles from juices of later cultivars was also more complex, consisting of 29 distinct metabolites in 'BRS Magna'. Grapes from 'BRS Carmem', an intermediate cultivar, gave the most divergent UHPLC-MS juice profile. CONCLUSION Contents of soluble solids, total phenolics, and anthocyanins in grape juices were increased by controlled crosses and hybrid selection. Integrative analyses demonstrated that the juices' metabolic profiles accurately represent the cultivars' genetic distances. Juices from 'BRS Violeta' and 'BRS Magna' show relevant positive association with health-related phenolics and a distinct set of odor volatiles, although these characteristics were specifically sought by breeding. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Alonzo Gomez Gomez
- School of Agriculture, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Plant Genetic Resources Center, Agronomic Institute (IAC), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Igor Otavio Minatel
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Mauro Celso Zanus
- Embrapa, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Gonçalves, 95701-008, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Vera Quecini
- Embrapa, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Gonçalves, 95701-008, RS, Brazil
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Belfiore N, Amato A, Gardiman M, Gaiotti F, Zenoni S, Tornielli GB, Fasoli M, Bavaresco L. The Role of Terroir on the Ripening Traits of V. vinifera cv 'Glera' in the Prosecco Area. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:816. [PMID: 38592837 PMCID: PMC10975336 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is widely cultivated worldwide owing to the substantial commercial value of the grapes and other products derived from their processing, wines in particular. The grapevine is characterized by a remarkable phenotypic plasticity within the same variety, which shapes the final berry quality attributes hence reflecting the complex interactions between the plant and the environment leading to the expression of wine typicity. In this study, we explored the metabolomic and transcriptomic basis of the plasticity of Glera, a white berry grapevine variety particularly renowned for the production of wine Prosecco. The two selected vineyards varied for site altitude and pedoclimatic conditions. We highlighted that these environments determined different berry ripening dynamics at the level of both technological parameters and the total abundance and intrafamily distribution of phenolic compounds. Moreover, a clear impact on the grape aroma profile was observed. The genome-wide gene expression analysis of the berries revealed remarkable differences in the ripening transcriptomic program, reflecting the differences in water status, light exposure, and temperature experienced by the plants while growing at the two sites. Overall, this survey portrayed how the quality attributes of the cv 'Glera' grape berries may be affected by different environmental conditions within the typical area of Prosecco wine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Belfiore
- CREA, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, 31015 Conegliano, Italy; (M.G.); (F.G.)
| | - Alessandra Amato
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.A.); (S.Z.); (G.B.T.)
| | - Massimo Gardiman
- CREA, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, 31015 Conegliano, Italy; (M.G.); (F.G.)
| | - Federica Gaiotti
- CREA, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, 31015 Conegliano, Italy; (M.G.); (F.G.)
| | - Sara Zenoni
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.A.); (S.Z.); (G.B.T.)
| | | | - Marianna Fasoli
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.A.); (S.Z.); (G.B.T.)
| | - Luigi Bavaresco
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production–Viticulture and Pomology Section, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy;
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Nicolas S, Bois B, Billet K, Romanet R, Bahut F, Uhl J, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Gougeon RD. High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics for Increased Grape Juice Metabolite Coverage. Foods 2023; 13:54. [PMID: 38201082 PMCID: PMC10778666 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The composition of the juice from grape berries is at the basis of the definition of technological ripeness before harvest, historically evaluated from global sugar and acid contents. If many studies have contributed to the identification of other primary and secondary metabolites in whole berries, deepening knowledge about the chemical composition of the sole flesh of grape berries (i.e., without considering skins and seeds) at harvest is of primary interest when studying the enological potential of widespread grape varieties producing high-added-value wines. Here, we used non-targeted DI-FT-ICR-MS and RP-UHPLC-Q-ToF-MS analyses to explore the extent of metabolite coverage of up to 290 grape juices from four Vitis vinifera grape varieties, namely Chardonnay, Pinot noir, Meunier, and Aligoté, sampled at harvest from 91 vineyards in Europe and Argentina, over three successive vintages. SPE pretreatment of samples led to the identification of more than 4500 detected C,H,O,N,S-containing elemental compositions, likely associated with tens of thousands of distinct metabolites. We further revealed that a major part of this chemical diversity appears to be common to the different juices, as exemplified by Pinot noir and Chardonnay samples. However, it was possible to build significant models for the discrimination of Chardonnay from Pinot noir grape juices, and of Chardonnay from Aligoté grape juices, regardless of the geographical origin or the vintage. Therefore, this metabolomic approach opens access to a remarkable holistic molecular description of the instantaneous composition of such a biological matrix, which is the result of complex interplays among environmental, biochemical, and vine growing practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Nicolas
- Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, PAM UMR A 02.102, Université de Bourgogne-Institut Agro, Institut Universitaire de la Vigne et du Vin-Jules Guyot, F-21000 Dijon, France; (S.N.); (K.B.); (R.R.); (F.B.)
| | - Benjamin Bois
- Centre de Recherches de Climatologie, Biogéosciences UMR 6282, CNRS-Université de Bourgogne, Institut Universitaire de la Vigne et du Vin-Jules Guyot, F-21000 Dijon, France;
| | - Kevin Billet
- Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, PAM UMR A 02.102, Université de Bourgogne-Institut Agro, Institut Universitaire de la Vigne et du Vin-Jules Guyot, F-21000 Dijon, France; (S.N.); (K.B.); (R.R.); (F.B.)
| | - Rémy Romanet
- Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, PAM UMR A 02.102, Université de Bourgogne-Institut Agro, Institut Universitaire de la Vigne et du Vin-Jules Guyot, F-21000 Dijon, France; (S.N.); (K.B.); (R.R.); (F.B.)
- DIVVA Platform, PAM UMR A 02.102, Institut Universitaire de la Vigne et du Vin-Jules Guyot, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Florian Bahut
- Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, PAM UMR A 02.102, Université de Bourgogne-Institut Agro, Institut Universitaire de la Vigne et du Vin-Jules Guyot, F-21000 Dijon, France; (S.N.); (K.B.); (R.R.); (F.B.)
| | - Jenny Uhl
- Research Unit Analytical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany (P.S.-K.)
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Research Unit Analytical Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany (P.S.-K.)
- Analytische Lebensmittel Chemie, Technische Universität München, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Régis D. Gougeon
- Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, PAM UMR A 02.102, Université de Bourgogne-Institut Agro, Institut Universitaire de la Vigne et du Vin-Jules Guyot, F-21000 Dijon, France; (S.N.); (K.B.); (R.R.); (F.B.)
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