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The Optimal Maturation of Subcutaneous Pouch Can Improve Pancreatic Islets Engraftment in Rat Model. Transplantation 2022; 106:531-542. [PMID: 34086655 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplantation of pancreatic islets into subcutaneous cavities in diabetic rats may be as or even more effective than transplantation into the portal vein. Identifying the optimal timing of the individual steps in this procedure is critical. METHODS Macroporous scaffolds were placed in the subcutaneous tissue of diabetic male Lewis rats for 7 or 28 d and the healing of the tissue inside the scaffolds was monitored. A marginal syngeneic graft comprising 4 islets/g of recipient body weight was transplanted at the best timing focusing mainly on vascularization. Recipients were monitored for blood glucose levels and tolerance tests. Histological examination was performed in all implanted scaffolds. The presence of individual endocrine cells was analyzed in detail. RESULTS Blood glucose levels remained within the physiological range in all recipients until the end of experiment as well as body weight increase. Coefficients of glucose assimilation were normal or slightly reduced with no statistically significant differences between the groups 40 and 80 d after transplantation. Histological analysis revealed round viable islets in the liver similar to those in pancreas, but alpha cells practically disappeared, whereas islets in the scaffolds formed clusters of cells surrounded by rich vascular network and the alpha cells remained partially preserved. CONCLUSIONS Subcutaneous transplantation of pancreatic islets is considerably less invasive but comparably efficient as commonly used islet transplantation into the portal vein. In consideration of alpha and beta cell ratio, the artificial subcutaneous cavities represent a promising site for future islet transplantation therapy.
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Madsen SD, Giler MK, Bunnell BA, O'Connor KC. Illuminating the Regenerative Properties of Stem Cells In Vivo with Bioluminescence Imaging. Biotechnol J 2020; 16:e2000248. [PMID: 33089922 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical animal studies are essential to the development of safe and effective stem cell therapies. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) is a powerful tool in animal studies that enables the real-time longitudinal monitoring of stem cells in vivo to elucidate their regenerative properties. This review describes the application of BLI in preclinical stem cell research to address critical challenges in producing successful stem cell therapeutics. These challenges include stem cell survival, proliferation, homing, stress response, and differentiation. The applications presented here utilize bioluminescence to investigate a variety of stem and progenitor cells in several different in vivo models of disease and implantation. An overview of luciferase reporters is provided, along with the advantages and disadvantages of BLI. Additionally, BLI is compared to other preclinical imaging modalities and potential future applications of this technology are discussed in emerging areas of stem cell research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean D Madsen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.,Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Margaret K Giler
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.,Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Bruce A Bunnell
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Kim C O'Connor
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.,Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
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Motiei M, Dreifuss T, Sadan T, Omer N, Blumenfeld-Katzir T, Fragogeorgi E, Loudos G, Popovtzer R, Ben-Eliezer N. Trimodal Nanoparticle Contrast Agent for CT, MRI and SPECT Imaging: Synthesis and Characterization of Radiolabeled Core/Shell Iron Oxide@Gold Nanoparticles. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.180780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Menachem Motiei
- Faculty of Engineering and the Institutes of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Tamar Dreifuss
- Faculty of Engineering and the Institutes of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Tamar Sadan
- Faculty of Engineering and the Institutes of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Noam Omer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Eirini Fragogeorgi
- Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences, Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR “Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi 15310, Athens, Greece
| | - George Loudos
- Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences, Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR “Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi 15310, Athens, Greece
- Bioemission Technology Solutions, Alexandras Avenue 116, 11472, Athens, Greece/Lefkippos Attica Technology Park NCSR “Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi 15310, Athens, Greece
| | - Rachela Popovtzer
- Faculty of Engineering and the Institutes of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Noam Ben-Eliezer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), New-York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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The Optimal Timing for Pancreatic Islet Transplantation into Subcutaneous Scaffolds Assessed by Multimodal Imaging. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2017; 2017:5418495. [PMID: 29440984 PMCID: PMC5758856 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5418495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Subcutaneously implanted polymeric scaffolds represent an alternative transplantation site for pancreatic islets (PIs) with the option of vascularisation enhancement by mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Nevertheless, a proper timing of the transplantation steps is crucial. In this study, scaffolds supplemented with plastic rods were implanted into diabetic rats and two timing schemes for subsequent transplantation of bioluminescent PIs (4 or 7 days after rod removal) were examined by multimodal imaging. The cavities were left to heal spontaneously or with 10 million injected MSCs. Morphological and vascularisation changes were examined by MRI, while the localisation and viability of transplanted islets were monitored by bioluminescence imaging. The results show that PIs transplanted 4 days after rod removal showed the higher optical signal and vascularisation compared to transplantation after 7 days. MSCs slightly improved vascularisation of the graft but hindered therapeutic efficiency of PIs. Long-term glycaemia normalisation (4 months) was attained in 80% of animals. In summary, multimodal imaging confirmed the long-term survival and function of transplanted PIs in the devices. The best outcome was reached with PIs transplanted on day 4 after rod removal and therefore the suggested protocol holds a potential for further applications.
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