1
|
Sisay EJ, Fazekas ÁF, Gyulavári T, Kopniczky J, Hopp B, Veréb G, László Z. Investigation of Photocatalytic PVDF Membranes Containing Inorganic Nanoparticles for Model Dairy Wastewater Treatment. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:656. [PMID: 37505022 PMCID: PMC10383713 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13070656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Membrane separation processes are promising methods for wastewater treatment. Membrane fouling limits their wider use; however, this may be mitigated using photocatalytic composite materials for membrane preparation. This study aimed to investigate photocatalytic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based nanocomposite membranes for treating model dairy wastewater containing bovine serum albumin (BSA). Membranes were fabricated via physical coating (with TiO2, and/or carbon nanotubes, and/or BiVO4) and blending (with TiO2). Another objective of this study was to compare membranes of identical compositions fabricated using different techniques, and to examine how various TiO2 concentrations affect the antifouling and cleaning performances of the blended membranes. Filtration experiments were performed using a dead-end cell. Filtration resistances, BSA rejection, and photocatalytic cleanability (characterized by flux recovery ratio (FRR)) were measured. The surface characteristics (SEM, EDX), roughness (measured by atomic force microscopy, AFM), wettability (contact angle measurements), and zeta potential of the membranes were also examined. Coated PVDF membranes showed higher hydrophilicity than the pristine PVDF membrane, as evidenced by a decreased contact angle, but the higher hydrophilicity did not result in higher fluxes, unlike the case of blended membranes. The increased surface roughness resulted in increased reversible fouling, but decreased BSA retention. Furthermore, the TiO2-coated membranes had a better flux recovery ratio (FRR, 97%) than the TiO2-blended membranes (35%). However, the TiO2-coated membrane had larger total filtration resistances and a lower water flux than the commercial pristine PVDF membrane and TiO2-blended membrane, which may be due to pore blockage or an additional coating layer formed by the nanoparticles. The BSA rejection of the TiO2-coated membrane was lower than that of the commercial pristine PVDF membrane. In contrast, the TiO2-blended membranes showed lower resistance than the pristine PVDF membrane, and exhibited better antifouling performance, superior flux, and comparable BSA rejection. Increasing the TiO2 content of the TiO2-blended membranes (from 1 to 2.5%) resulted in increased antifouling and comparable BSA rejection (more than 95%). However, the effect of TiO2 concentration on flux recovery was negligible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elias Jigar Sisay
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, University of Szeged, Rerrich B. tér 1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Moszkvai Blvd. 9, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ákos Ferenc Fazekas
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, University of Szeged, Rerrich B. tér 1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Moszkvai Blvd. 9, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Gyulavári
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla Sqr. 1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Judit Kopniczky
- Department of Optics and Quantum Electronics, Institute of Physics, University of Szeged, Dóm Sqr. 9, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Béla Hopp
- Department of Optics and Quantum Electronics, Institute of Physics, University of Szeged, Dóm Sqr. 9, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Veréb
- Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Moszkvai Blvd. 9, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna László
- Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Moszkvai Blvd. 9, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wei C, Wang CL, Hao YJ, Zhang X, Long JS, Lang WZ. Nature-inspired construction of poly (vinylidene fluoride) membranes through the coordination coating of tannic acid with copper ions for oil-in-water emulsions separation. J Memb Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
3
|
Nascimben Santos E, Fazekas Á, Hodúr C, László Z, Beszédes S, Scheres Firak D, Gyulavári T, Hernádi K, Arthanareeswaran G, Veréb G. Statistical Analysis of Synthesis Parameters to Fabricate PVDF/PVP/TiO 2 Membranes via Phase-Inversion with Enhanced Filtration Performance and Photocatalytic Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 14:polym14010113. [PMID: 35012135 PMCID: PMC8747740 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-solvent induced phase-inversion is one of the most used methods to fabricate membranes. However, there are only a few studies supported by statistical analysis on how the different fabrication conditions affect the formation and performance of membranes. In this paper, a central composite design was employed to analyze how different fabrication conditions affect the pure water flux, pore size, and photocatalytic activity of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used to form pores, and titanium dioxide (TiO2) to ensure the photocatalytic activity of the membranes. The studied bath temperatures (15 to 25 °C) and evaporation times (0 to 60 s) did not significantly affect the pore size and pure water flux of the membranes. The concentration of PVDF (12.5 to 17.5%) affected the viscosity, formation capability, and pore sizes. PVDF at high concentrations resulted in membranes with small pore sizes. PVP affected the pore size and should be used to a limited extent to avoid possible hole formation. TiO2 contents were responsible for the decolorization of a methyl orange solution (10-5 M) up to 90% over the period studied (30 h). A higher content of TiO2 did not increase the decolorization rate. Acidic conditions increased the photocatalytic activity of the TiO2-membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Nascimben Santos
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Moszkvai Blvd. 9, HU-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (E.N.S.); (Á.F.); (C.H.); (Z.L.); (S.B.)
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, University of Szeged, Dugonics Square 13, HU-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Ákos Fazekas
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Moszkvai Blvd. 9, HU-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (E.N.S.); (Á.F.); (C.H.); (Z.L.); (S.B.)
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, University of Szeged, Dugonics Square 13, HU-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Cecilia Hodúr
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Moszkvai Blvd. 9, HU-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (E.N.S.); (Á.F.); (C.H.); (Z.L.); (S.B.)
| | - Zsuzsanna László
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Moszkvai Blvd. 9, HU-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (E.N.S.); (Á.F.); (C.H.); (Z.L.); (S.B.)
| | - Sándor Beszédes
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Moszkvai Blvd. 9, HU-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (E.N.S.); (Á.F.); (C.H.); (Z.L.); (S.B.)
| | - Daniele Scheres Firak
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, University of Szeged, Dugonics Square 13, HU-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm Square 7, HU-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Gyulavári
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla Sq. 1, HU-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (T.G.); (K.H.)
| | - Klára Hernádi
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla Sq. 1, HU-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (T.G.); (K.H.)
- Institute of Physical Metallurgy, Metal Forming and Nanotechnology, University of Miskolc, Miskolc-Egyetemváros, C/1 108, HU-3515 Miskolc, Hungary
| | - Gangasalam Arthanareeswaran
- Membrane Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620015, Tamilnadu, India;
| | - Gábor Veréb
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Moszkvai Blvd. 9, HU-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (E.N.S.); (Á.F.); (C.H.); (Z.L.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shrestha B, Ezazi M, Rad SV, Kwon G. Predicting kinetics of water-rich permeate flux through photocatalytic mesh under visible light illumination. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21065. [PMID: 34702950 PMCID: PMC8548496 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00607-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane-based separation technologies are attractive to remediating unconventional water sources, including brackish, industrial, and municipal wastewater, due to their versatility and relatively high energy efficiency. However, membrane fouling by dissolved or suspended organic substances remains a primary challenge which can result in an irreversible decline of the permeate flux. To overcome this, membranes have been incorporated with photocatalytic materials that can degrade these organic substances deposited on the surface upon light illumination. While such photocatalytic membranes have demonstrated that they can recover their inherent permeability, less information is known about the effect of photocatalysis on the kinetics of the permeate flux. In this work, a photocatalytic mesh that can selectively permeate water while repelling oil was fabricated by coating a mixture of nitrogen-doped TiO2 (N-TiO2) and perfluorosilane-grafted SiO2 (F-SiO2) nanoparticles on a stainless steel mesh. Utilizing the photocatalytic mesh, the time-dependent evolution of the water-rich permeate flux as a result of photocatalytic degradation of the oil was studied under the visible light illumination. A mathematical model was developed that can relate the photocatalytic degradation of the organic substances deposited on a mesh surface to the evolution of the permeate flux. This model was established by integrating the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics for photocatalysis and the Cassie-Baxter wettability analysis on a chemically heterogeneous mesh surface into a permeate flux relation. Consequently, the time-dependent water-rich permeate flux values are compared with those predicted by using the model. It is found that the model can predict the evolution of the water-rich permeate flux with a goodness of fit of 0.92.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bishwash Shrestha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
| | - Mohammadamin Ezazi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
| | - Seyed Vahid Rad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
| | - Gibum Kwon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Influence of Pore-Size/Porosity on Ion Transport and Static BSA Fouling for TiO2-Covered Nanoporous Alumina Membranes. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11125687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The influence of geometrical parameters (pore radii and porosity) on ion transport through two almost ideal nanoporous alumina membranes (NPAMs) coated with a thin TiO2 layer by the atomic layer deposition technique (Sf-NPAM/TiO2 and Ox-NPAM/TiO2 samples) was analyzed by membrane potential and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. The results showed the significant effect of pore radii (10 nm for Sf-NPAM/TiO2 and 13 nm for Ox-NPAM/TiO2) when compared with porosity (9% and 6%, respectively). Both electrochemical techniques were also used for estimation of protein (bovine serum albumin or BSA) static fouling, and the results seem to indicate deposition of a BSA layer on the Sf-NPAM/TiO2 fouled membrane surface but pore-wall deposition in the case of the fouled Ox-NPAM/TiO2 sample. Moreover, a typical and simple optical technique such as light transmission/reflection (wavelength ranging between 0 and 2000 nm) was also used for membrane analysis, showing only slight transmittance differences in the visible region when both clean membranes were compared. However, a rather significant transmittance reduction (~18%) was observed for the fouled Sf-NPAM/TiO2 sample compared to the fouled Ox-NPAM/TiO2 sample, and was associated with BSA deposition on the membrane surface, thus supporting the electrochemical analysis results.
Collapse
|
6
|
Nascimben Santos E, Ágoston Á, Kertész S, Hodúr C, László Z, Pap Z, Kása Z, Alapi T, Krishnan SG, Arthanareeswaran G, Hernadi K, Veréb G. Investigation of the applicability of TiO
2
, BiVO
4
, and WO
3
nanomaterials for advanced photocatalytic membranes used for oil‐in‐water emulsion separation. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Nascimben Santos
- Institute of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
| | - Áron Ágoston
- Institute of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Kertész
- Institute of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
| | - Cecilia Hodúr
- Institute of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna László
- Institute of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
| | - Zsolt Pap
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
| | - Zsolt Kása
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
| | - Tünde Alapi
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
| | - S.A. Gokula Krishnan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Membrane Research Laboratory Tiruchirappalli India
| | - Gangasalam Arthanareeswaran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Membrane Research Laboratory Tiruchirappalli India
| | - Klara Hernadi
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
| | - Gábor Veréb
- Institute of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nascimbén Santos É, László Z, Hodúr C, Arthanareeswaran G, Veréb G. Photocatalytic membrane filtration and its advantages over conventional approaches in the treatment of oily wastewater: A review. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Érika Nascimbén Santos
- Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna László
- Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
| | - Cecilia Hodúr
- Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
- Institute of Environmental and Technological Sciences University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
| | - Gangasalam Arthanareeswaran
- Membrane Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli India
| | - Gábor Veréb
- Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Veréb G, Kassai P, Nascimben Santos E, Arthanareeswaran G, Hodúr C, László Z. Intensification of the ultrafiltration of real oil-contaminated (produced) water with pre-ozonation and/or with TiO 2, TiO 2/CNT nanomaterial-coated membrane surfaces. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:22195-22205. [PMID: 32060831 PMCID: PMC7293663 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, commercial PES, PVDF, PTFE ultrafilter membranes, and two different nanomaterial (TiO2 and TiO2/CNT composite)-covered PVDF ultrafilter membranes (MWCO = 100 kDa) were used for the purification of an industrial oil-contaminated (produced) wastewater, with and without ozone pretreatment to compare the achievable fouling mitigations by the mentioned surface modifications and/or pre-ozonation. Fluxes, filtration resistances, foulings, and purification efficiencies were compared in detail. Pre-ozonation was able to reduce the total filtration resistance in all cases (up to 50%), independently from the membrane material. During the application of nanomaterial-modified membranes were by far the lowest filtration resistances measured, and in these cases, pre-ozonation resulted in a slight further reduction (11-13%) of the total filtration resistance. The oil removal efficiency was 83-91% in the case of commercial membranes and > 98% in the case of modified membranes. Moreover, the highest fluxes (301-362 L m-2 h-1) were also measured in the case of modified membranes. Overall, the utilization of nanomaterial-modified membranes was more beneficial than pre-ozonation, but with the combination of these methods, slightly higher fluxes, lower filtration resistances, and better antifouling properties were achieved; however, pre-ozonation slightly decreased the oil removal efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Veréb
- Institute of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Moszkvai Blvd. 9., Szeged, HU-6725, Hungary.
| | - Péter Kassai
- Institute of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Moszkvai Blvd. 9., Szeged, HU-6725, Hungary
| | - Erika Nascimben Santos
- Institute of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Moszkvai Blvd. 9., Szeged, HU-6725, Hungary
| | - Gangasalam Arthanareeswaran
- Membrane Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620015, India
| | - Cecilia Hodúr
- Institute of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Moszkvai Blvd. 9., Szeged, HU-6725, Hungary
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Szeged, Tisza Lajos Blvd. 103, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna László
- Institute of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Moszkvai Blvd. 9., Szeged, HU-6725, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Utilization of wastewater from edible oil industry, turning waste into valuable products: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
10
|
Abstract
A new hybrid photocatalytic membrane reactor that can easily be scaled-up was designed, assembled and used to test photocatalytic membranes developed using the sol–gel technique. Extremely high removals of total suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon, phenolic and volatile compounds were obtained when the hybrid photocatalytic membrane reactor was used to treat olive mill wastewaters. The submerged photocatalytic membrane reactor proposed and the modified membranes represent a step forward towards the development of new advanced treatment technology able to cope with several water and wastewater contaminants.
Collapse
|