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Tang W, Liang L, Xie Y, Li X, Lin L, Huang Z, Sun B, Sun G, Tu L, Li H, Tang Y. Foliar application of salicylic acid inhibits the cadmium uptake and accumulation in lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1200106. [PMID: 37636124 PMCID: PMC10452881 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1200106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Salicylic acid (SA) is a multi-functional endogenous phytohormone implicated in the growth, development, and metabolism of many plant species. Methods This study evaluated the effects of different concentrations of SA (0, 25, 100, 200, and 500 mg/L) on the growth and cadmium (Cd) content of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) under Cd stress. The different concentrations of SA treatments were administered through foliar application. Results Our results showed that 100-200 mg/L SA significantly increased the plant height and biomass of lettuce under Cd stress. When SA concentration was 200 mg/L, the plant height and root length of lettuce increased by 19.42% and 22.77%, respectively, compared with Cd treatment alone. Moreover, 200 mg/L and 500mg/L SA concentrations could reduce peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities caused by Cd stress. When the concentration of exogenous SA was 500 mg/L, the POD and SOD activities of lettuce leaves decreased by 15.51% and 19.91%, respectively, compared with Cd treatment. A certain concentration of SA reduced the uptake of Cd by the lettuce root system and the transport of Cd from the lettuce root system to shoots by down-regulating the expression of Nramp5, HMA4, and SAMT, thus reducing the Cd content of lettuce shoots. When the concentration of SA was 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L, and 500 mg/L, the Cd contents of lettuce shoots were 11.28%, 22.70%, and 18.16%, respectively, lower than that of Cd treatment alone. Furthermore, principal component and correlation analyses showed that the Cd content of lettuce shoots was correlated with plant height, root length, biomass, antioxidant enzymes, and the expression level of genes related to Cd uptake. Discussion In general, these results provide a reference for the mechanism by which SA reduces the Cd accumulation in vegetables and a theoretical basis for developing heavy metal blockers with SA components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Le Liang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongdong Xie
- Institute for Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Variety Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Lijin Lin
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi Huang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Sun
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guochao Sun
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lihua Tu
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huanxiu Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Rahman IMM, Khan BM. Physiological responses of wild grass Holcus lanatus L. to potentially toxic elements in soils: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:54470-54482. [PMID: 36995503 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26472-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soils accumulate in plants, obstruct their growth, and pose hazards to the consumer via the food chain. Many kinds of grass, grass-like plants, and other higher plant species have evolved a tolerance to PTEs. Holcus lanatus L., a wild grass, is also tolerant (an excluder) of PTEs, such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn). However, the extent of tolerance varies among ecotypes and genotypes. The PTE tolerance mechanism of H. lanatus curtails the typical uptake process and causes a reduced translocation of PTEs from the roots to the shoots, while such a characteristic is useful for contaminated land management. The ecology and response patterns of Holcus lanatus L. to PTEs, along with the associated mechanisms, are reviewed in the current work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail M M Rahman
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima City, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan.
| | - Bayezid M Khan
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima City, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
- Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, 4331, Bangladesh
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Cui B, Liu C, Hu C, Liang S. Transcriptomic Sequencing Analysis on Key Genes and Pathways Regulating Cadmium (Cd) in Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) under Different Cadmium Concentrations. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10120734. [PMID: 36548567 PMCID: PMC9782025 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10120734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is an important forage grass and has the potential to be used in phytoremediation, while little information is available regarding the transcriptome profiling of ryegrass leaves in response to high levels of Cd. To investigate and uncover the physiological responses and gene expression characteristics of perennial ryegrass under Cd stress, a pot experiment was performed to study the transcriptomic profiles of ryegrass with Cd-spiked soils. Transcriptome sequencing and comparative analysis were performed on the Illumina RNA-Seq platform at different concentrations of Cd-treated (0, 50 and 500 mg·kg−1 soil) ryegrass leaves and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were verified by RT-qPCR. The results show that high concentrations of Cd significantly inhibited the growth of ryegrass, while the lower concentrations (5 and 25 mg·kg−1) showed minor effects. The activity levels of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased in Cd-treated ryegrass leaves. We identified 1103 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and profiled the molecular regulatory pathways of ryegrass leaves with Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis in response to Cd stress. Cd stress significantly increased the membrane part, the metabolic process, the cellular process and catalytic activity. The numbers of unigenes related to signal transduction mechanisms, post-translational modification, replication, recombination and repair significantly increased. KEGG function annotation and enrichment analysis were performed based on DEGs with different treatments, indicating that the MAPK signaling pathway, the mRNA surveillance pathway and RNA transport were regulated significantly. Taken together, this study explores the effect of Cd stress on the growth physiology and gene level of ryegrass, thus highlighting significance of preventing and controlling heavy metal pollution in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjian Cui
- Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Efficient and Safe Utilization of Agriculture Water Resources, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China
| | - Chuncheng Liu
- Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Efficient and Safe Utilization of Agriculture Water Resources, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China
| | - Chao Hu
- Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Efficient and Safe Utilization of Agriculture Water Resources, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China
| | - Shengxian Liang
- Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
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Xu X, Zhou J, Chen K, Wang Y, Ai Y, Zhang C, Zhou S. Effect of indole-3-acetic acid supplementation on the physiology of Lolium perenne L. and microbial activity in cadmium-contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:52483-52492. [PMID: 35258728 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19417-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution has led to a serious deterioration in soil quality, plant growth, and human health. Therefore, restoration of soil quality is imperative. Phytoremediation is inexpensive and yields acceptable outcomes. Phytoremediation involves interaction between plant physiology and microbial activity and has been widely used in the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil. In the present study, Lolium perenne L. (perennial ryegrass) was planted in Cd-spiked soil and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was used to explore the physiological and biochemical characteristics of ryegrass as well as soil enzyme activity to remove Cd. The present study provides a theoretical basis for the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil. The study investigated the effect of 30-mg/kg Cd-spiked soil on ryegrass (C) and 30-mg/kg Cd-spiked soil on ryegrass treated with 10-mg/kg IAA (CI) compared with uncontaminated soil and ryegrass as the control. At the end of the experiment, the ryegrass biomass, total chlorophyll, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and soil invertase activity in C group were decreased by 33.7%, 23.0%, 29.7%, and 18.3%, respectively, whereas the peroxidase (POD) activity and soil basal respiration increased by 17.1% and 87.9%, respectively, compared with the control. In the CI group, the biomass of ryegrass, chlorophyll content, SOD activity, sucrase activity, fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolase activity, and Cd removal rates increased by 14.5%, 19.9%, 24.3%, 12.1%, 20.4%, and 15.1%, respectively, whereas the POD activity, soil basal respiration, and Cd residues in the soil declined by 8.0%, 15.0%, and 17.0%, respectively, compared with the C group. Therefore, exposure to exogenous IAA alleviated the Cd stress on ryegrass and soil microorganisms and improved Cd absorption by ryegrass from the contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Jihai Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
| | - Kun Chen
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Yanmei Ai
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Shoubiao Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded By Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
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Li Y, Li Y, Cui Y, Xie Y, Shi Y, Shang Y, Ma F, Zhang J, Li C. GABA-mediated inhibition of cadmium uptake and accumulation in apples. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 300:118867. [PMID: 35063536 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
GABA, a four-carbon non-protein amino acid, plays an important role in animals and plants. We previously found GABA could alleviate alkali stress in apple seedlings. However, its physiological mechanism under heavy metal cadmium (Cd) stress need to be further studied. Thus, we explored its biological role in response to Cd stress. It was verified that 0.5 mM GABA could effectively alleviate Cd toxicity. Using NMT technique, we found that exogenous GABA could significantly reduce the net Cd2+ fluxes in apple roots, and Cd content was significantly lower than that in roots under Cd stress. Further analysis indicated exogenous GABA could significantly reduce the expression of genes related to the uptake and transport of Cd in apples under Cd stress. In addition, exogenous GABA could significantly increase the content of amino acids in apple roots under Cd stress. GAD is a key enzyme in GABA synthesis, we obtained transgenic apple roots of overexpression MdGAD1. Compared with the control, transgenic roots accumulated less Cd, maintained lower Cd uptake by roots, and lower expression of related transport genes. These results showed that GABA could effectively alleviate Cd toxicity in apple seedlings and provide a new perspective of GABA to alleviate Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yunhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yinglian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yuanmei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yanjiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yueming Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Cuiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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Metalloprotein-Specific or Critical Amino Acid Residues: Perspectives on Plant-Precise Detoxification and Recognition Mechanisms under Cadmium Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031734. [PMID: 35163656 PMCID: PMC8836122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution in cultivated land is caused by irresistible geological factors and human activities; intense diffusion and migration have seriously affected the safety of food crops. Plants have evolved mechanisms to control excessive influx of Cd in the environment, such as directional transport, chelation and detoxification. This is done by some specific metalloproteins, whose key amino acid motifs have been investigated by scientists one by one. The application of powerful cell biology, crystal structure science, and molecular probe targeted labeling technology has identified a series of protein families involved in the influx, transport and detoxification of the heavy metal Cd. This review summarizes them as influx proteins (NRAMP, ZIP), chelating proteins (MT, PDF), vacuolar proteins (CAX, ABCC, MTP), long-distance transport proteins (OPT, HMA) and efflux proteins (PCR, ABCG). We selected representative proteins from each family, and compared their amino acid sequence, motif structure, subcellular location, tissue specific distribution and other characteristics of differences and common points, so as to summarize the key residues of the Cd binding target. Then, we explain its special mechanism of action from the molecular structure. In conclusion, this review is expected to provide a reference for the exploration of key amino acid targets of Cd, and lay a foundation for the intelligent design and breeding of crops with high/low Cd accumulation.
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Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the NRAMP Family Genes in Tea Plant ( Camellia sinensis). PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061055. [PMID: 34070434 PMCID: PMC8228228 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The natural resistant-associated macrophage protein (NRAMP) is a kind of integral membrane transporter which could function on a wide range of divalent metal ions in plants. Little is known about the NRAMP family in Camellia sinensis. In this study, 11 NRAMP genes were identified from the tea plant genome. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the 11 CsNRAMP proteins were split into two groups. The proteins of group 1 contained the conserved motif 6 (GQSSTxTG), while most proteins in group 2 (excepting CsNRAMP7 and CsNRAMP10) contained the conserved residues of motif 6 and motif 2 (GQFIMxGFLxLxxKKW). The number of amino acids in coding regions of 11 CsNRAMP genes ranged from 279–1373, and they contained 3–12 transmembrane domains. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that G1 genes, CsNRAMP3, CsNRAMP4, and CsNRAMP5, were extraordinarily expressed in roots, while G2 genes showed higher expression levels in the stems and leaves. The expression levels of CsNRAMPs in roots and leaves were detected to assess their responses to Pb treatment. The results indicated that CsNRAMPs were differentially regulated, and they might play a role in Pb transportation of tea plant. Subcellular localization assay demonstrated that CsNRAMP2 and CsNRAMP5 fused proteins were localized in the plasma membrane. Overall, this systematic analysis of the CsNRAMP family could provide primary information for further studies on the functional roles of CsNRAMPs in divalent metal transportation in tea plants.
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Screening and Identification of Host Proteins Interacting with Iris lactea var. chinensis Metallothionein IlMT2a by Yeast Two-Hybrid Assay. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12040554. [PMID: 33920321 PMCID: PMC8069374 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Iris lactea var. chinensis (Fisch.) (I. lactea var. chinensis) is a well-known cadmium (Cd)-tolerant plant and we have previously shown that the metallothionein gene, IlMT2a, of the plant may be playing a key role in conferring the Cd tolerance. In this study, we have identified several proteins interacting with the IlMT2a by screening yeast two-hybrid library constructed from cDNAs isolated from Cd-treated I. lacteal var. chinensis plants. Putative functions of these proteins include those involved in photosynthesis, ROS scavenge, nutrient transport, and transcriptional regulation, to name a few. In particular, another metallothionein, which we assigned the name of IlMT3, was identified as an interacting partner of the IlMT2a. Unlike IlMT2a, it did not provide any significant protection against Cd toxicity in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana L. (A. thaliana). To our knowledge, this is the first time ever reporting the interaction of two metallothionein proteins in plants. Learning the biological significance of the interaction between IlMT2a and IlMT3 would be the focus of future study and would be able to provide valuable insights into the understanding plant metallothionein’s diverse and complex roles in coordinating many important cellular physiologies including stress responses, gene regulations, and energy metabolisms.
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Ji S, Gao L, Chen W, Su J, Shen Y. Urea application enhances cadmium uptake and accumulation in Italian ryegrass. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:34421-34433. [PMID: 32557021 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09691-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Italian ryegrass (Lolium multifolorum Lam.) has a potential phytoextraction capacity for cadmium (Cd), which is considered as the most toxic heavy metal (HM) pollutant in the farmland. The promotion effect of urea application on Italian ryegrass growth has been clarified, while it is not clear whether and how urea application affects Cd accumulation in Italian ryegrass under Cd stress. A 2-year pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of urea application on Cd accumulation and related mechanisms by uptake inhibition and kinetics experiments. The results showed that both shoot biomass and Cd concentration under Cd stress were increased by up to 213.37% and 84.74% in 2016 and 38.15% and 47.11% in 2017 after urea application, respectively. The shoot Cd accumulation reached maximum value (910.23 and 630.09 μg pot-1 in 2016 and 2017, respectively) at the level of 300 kg ha-1 urea. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activities were significantly increased by urea application. Compared with control group, urea application significantly improved inhibition ratio of 2, 4-dinitrophenol (DNP) rather than LaCl3 and Ca2+. Cadmium uptake kinetics experiment showed that urea application significantly decreased the Km value and improved the α value (P < 0.01), but no significant effect on the Vmax value (P > 0.05). In conclusion, we proposed that the higher affinity to Cd2+ of the membrane transporter after urea application promoted the active uptake of Cd, which contributed to the effective Cd accumulation capacity in Italian ryegrass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuren Ji
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Limin Gao
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Su
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yixin Shen
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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Wang Q, Zeng X, Song Q, Sun Y, Feng Y, Lai Y. Identification of key genes and modules in response to Cadmium stress in different rice varieties and stem nodes by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9525. [PMID: 32533096 PMCID: PMC7293223 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66132-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil cadmium (Cd) pollution threatens food safety. This study aimed to identify genes related to Cd accumulation in rice. Low- (Shennong 315, short for S315) and high- (Shendao 47, short for S47) Cd-accumulative rice cultivars were incubated with CdCl2·2.5H2O. RNA-seq and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to identify the modules and genes associated with Cd-accumulative traits of rice. After Cd stress treatment, the Cd content in various tissues of S315 was significantly higher than that of S47. In the stem nodes, the Cd distribution results of the two varieties indicated that the unelongated nodes near the root (short for node A) had a stronger ability to block Cd transfer upwards than the panicle node (short for node B). Cd stress induced huge changes in gene expression profiles. After analyzing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in significantly correlated WGCNA modules, we found that genes related to heavy metal transportation had higher expression levels in node A than that in node B, such as Copper transporter 6 (OS04G0415600), Zinc transporter 10 (OS06G0566300), and some heavy-metal associated proteins (OS11G0147500, OS03G0861400, and OS10G0506100). In the comparison results between S315 and S47, the expression of chitinase (OS03G0679700 and OS06G0726200) was increased by Cd treatment in S315. In addition, OsHSPs (OS05G0460000, OS08G0500700), OsHSFC2A (OS02G0232000), and OsDJA5 (OS03G0787300) were found differentially expressed after Cd treatment in S315, but changed less in S47. In summary, different rice varieties have different processes and intensities in response to Cd stress. The node A might function as the key tissue for blocking Cd upward transport into the panicle via vigorous processes, including of heavy metal transportation, response to stress, and cell wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 368 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiannan Zeng
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 368 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qiulai Song
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 368 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 368 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanjiang Feng
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 368 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yongcai Lai
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 368 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China.
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Niu C, Jiang M, Li N, Cao J, Hou M, Ni DA, Chu Z. Integrated bioinformatics analysis of As, Au, Cd, Pb and Cu heavy metal responsive marker genes through Arabidopsis thaliana GEO datasets. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6495. [PMID: 30918749 PMCID: PMC6428040 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current environmental pollution factors, particularly the distribution and diffusion of heavy metals in soil and water, are a high risk to local environments and humans. Despite striking advances in methods to detect contaminants by a variety of chemical and physical solutions, these methods have inherent limitations such as small dimensions and very low coverage. Therefore, identifying novel contaminant biomarkers are urgently needed. METHODS To better track heavy metal contaminations in soil and water, integrated bioinformatics analysis to identify biomarkers of relevant heavy metal, such as As, Cd, Pb and Cu, is a suitable method for long-term and large-scale surveys of such heavy metal pollutants. Subsequently, the accuracy and stability of the results screened were experimentally validated by quantitative PCR experiment. RESULTS We obtained 168 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) which contained 59 up-regulated genes and 109 down-regulated genes through comparative bioinformatics analyses. Subsequently, the gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichments of these DEGs were performed, respectively. GO analyses found that these DEGs were mainly related to responses to chemicals, responses to stimulus, responses to stress, responses to abiotic stimulus, and so on. KEGG pathway analyses of DEGs were mainly involved in the protein degradation process and other biologic process, such as the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways and nitrogen metabolism. Moreover, we also speculated that nine candidate core biomarker genes (namely, NILR1, PGPS1, WRKY33, BCS1, AR781, CYP81D8, NR1, EAP1 and MYB15) might be tightly correlated with the response or transport of heavy metals. Finally, experimental results displayed that these genes had the same expression trend response to different stresses as mentioned above (Cd, Pb and Cu) and no mentioned above (Zn and Cr). CONCLUSION In general, the identified biomarker genes could help us understand the potential molecular mechanisms or signaling pathways responsive to heavy metal stress in plants, and could be applied as marker genes to track heavy metal pollution in soil and water through detecting their expression in plants growing in those environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Niu
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianguo Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Meifang Hou
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Di-an Ni
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoqing Chu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
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