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Nwogueze BC, Ofili MI, Anachuna KK, Mbah AO. Serum zinc levels and body composition variability as trajectory for hyperlipidemic and dyslipidemic effect among welders exposed to welding fumes and smoking: A biomarker for cardiovascular health. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:607-613. [PMID: 38845746 PMCID: PMC11154125 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Welding is a common method for joining metals by heating them to the welding temperature. Exposure to welding fumes has a serious effect on the health of welders. This study examined serum zinc variability and body composition as route for hyperlipidemia and dyslipidemia in welders exposed to welding fumes and smoking, exploring the possibilities for the risk of possible cardiovascular disease. The experimental case control design was adopted in the study. Forty apparently healthy adult males were randomly selected comprising of twenty control group (non-smokers and smokers without welding experience) and twenty experimental group (non-smokers and smokers with welding experience) welders. Data obtained were represented as Mean ± SEM while comparison of means across group was done by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparison for post hoc test at p-value < 0.05 level of significance using Graph Pad prism version 8. The data obtained showed that the body mass index (BMI) of smokers (non-welders and welders) were slightly reduced while that of non-smoking welders was increased compared to the control. The serum zinc level increased among the smoking welders, while the smoking non-welders and non-smoking welders decreased when compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Exposure to welding fumes has been shown to increase total cholesterol levels compared to the control. Weld fumes significantly (p < 0.05) increased high-density lipoproteins (HDL) levels among smoking non-welders compared to the control group, while, HDL was reduced in non-smoking welders and smoking welders, respectively (p < 0.05). Triglyceride levels significantly (p < 0.05) increased in all experimental groups compared to control levels (p < 0.05). Exposure to welding fumes and smoking caused significant changes in serum zinc, HDL and triglycerides levels with implications for the formation of plaques around the arteries interfering with the effective flow of blood through the vascular system, with implications of hyperlipidemia and dyslipidemia. This study recommends that further studies should be done using biomarkers from urine or toe nails.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary Isioma Ofili
- Nursing Science Department, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
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2
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Min JH, Sarlus H, Harris RA. Glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine prevents copper- and zinc-induced protein aggregation and central nervous system cell death in vitro. Metallomics 2024; 16:mfae019. [PMID: 38599632 PMCID: PMC11135135 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Common features of neurodegenerative diseases are oxidative and inflammatory imbalances as well as the misfolding of proteins. An excess of free metal ions can be pathological and contribute to cell death, but only copper and zinc strongly promote protein aggregation. Herein we demonstrate that the endogenous copper-binding tripeptide glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine (GHK) has the ability to bind to and reduce copper redox activity and to prevent copper- and zinc-induced cell death in vitro. In addition, GHK prevents copper- and zinc-induced bovine serum albumin aggregation and reverses aggregation through resolubilizing the protein. We further demonstrate the enhanced toxicity of copper during inflammation and the ability of GHK to attenuate this toxicity. Finally, we investigated the effects of copper on enhancing paraquat toxicity and report a protective effect of GHK. We therefore conclude that GHK has potential as a cytoprotective compound with regard to copper and zinc toxicity, with positive effects on protein solubility and aggregation that warrant further investigation in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hong Min
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Heela Sarlus
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert A Harris
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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3
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Luan M, Feng Z, Zhu W, Xing Y, Ma X, Zhu J, Wang Y, Jia Y. Mechanism of metal ion-induced cell death in gastrointestinal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116574. [PMID: 38593706 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is one of the most severe types of cancer, with a significant impact on human health worldwide. Due to the urgent demand for more effective therapeutic strategies against GI cancers, novel research on metal ions for treating GI cancers has attracted increasing attention. Currently, with accumulating research on the relationship between metal ions and cancer therapy, several metal ions have been discovered to induce cell death. In particular, the three novel modes of cell death, including ferroptosis, cuproptosis, and calcicoptosis, have become focal points of research in the field of cancer. Meanwhile, other metal ions have also been found to trigger cell death through various mechanisms. Accordingly, this review focuses on the mechanisms of metal ion-induced cell death in GI cancers, hoping to provide theoretical support for further GI cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhua Luan
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250013, People's Republic of China; Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaotian Feng
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, People's Republic of China; Department of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenshuai Zhu
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanxin Xing
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunshan Wang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250013, People's Republic of China; Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfei Jia
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250013, People's Republic of China; Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, People's Republic of China; Department of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Wang Y, Song Y, Zhang L, Huang X. The paradoxical role of zinc on microglia. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 83:127380. [PMID: 38171037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace element for humans, and its homeostasis is essential for the health of the central nervous system. Microglia, the resident immune cells in the central nervous system, play the roles of sustaining, nourishing, and immune surveillance. Microglia are sensitive to microenvironment changes and are easily activated to M1 phenotype to enhance disease progression or the M2 phenotype to improve peripheral nerves injury repair. Zinc is requisite for microglial activation, However, the cytotoxicity outcome of zinc against microglia, the activated microglia phenotype, and activated microglia function are ambiguous. Herein, we have reviewed the neurological function of zinc and microglia, particularly the ambiguous role of zinc on microglia. We also pay attention to the role of zinc homeostasis on microglial function within the central nervous system disease. Finally, we observe the relationship between zinc and microglia, attempting to design new therapeutic measures against major nervous system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehong Wang
- Graduate Faculty, Xi'an Physical Education University, Xi'an 710068, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Ethnic Medicine Research Center, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, PR China
| | - Yi Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404100, PR China.
| | - Lingdang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404100, PR China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Ethnic Medicine Research Center, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, PR China.
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5
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Tang X, Guo Z, Chen G, Sun S, Xiao S, Chen P, Tang G, Huang L, Wang Y. A Multimodal Meta-Analytical Evidence of Functional and Structural Brain Abnormalities Across Alzheimer's Disease Spectrum. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 95:102240. [PMID: 38395200 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous neuroimaging studies have reported that Alzheimer's disease (AD) spectrum have been linked to alterations in intrinsic functional activity and cortical thickness (CT) of some brain areas. However, the findings have been inconsistent and the correlation with the transcriptional profile and neurotransmitter systems remain largely unknown. METHODS We conducted a meta-analysis to identify multimodal differences in the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF)/fractional ALFF (fALFF) and CT in patients with AD and preclinical AD compared to healthy controls (HCs), using the Seed-based d Mapping with Permutation of Subject Images software. Transcriptional data were retrieved from the Allen Human Brain Atlas. The atlas-based nuclear imaging-derived neurotransmitter maps were investigated by JuSpace toolbox. RESULTS We included 26 ALFF/fALFF studies comprising 884 patients with AD and 1,020 controls, along with 52 studies comprising 2,046 patients with preclinical AD and 2,336 controls. For CT, we included 11 studies comprising 353 patients with AD and 330 controls. Overall, compared to HCs, patients with AD showed decreased ALFF/fALFF in the bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus (PCC)/precuneus and right angular gyrus, as well as increased ALFF/fALFF in the bilateral parahippocampal gyrus (PHG). Patients with peclinical AD showed decreased ALFF/fALFF in the left precuneus. Additionally, patients with AD displayed decreased CT in the bilateral PHG, left PCC, bilateral orbitofrontal cortex, sensorimotor areas and temporal lobe. Furthermore, gene sets related to brain structural and functional changes in AD and preclincal AD were enriched for G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, ion gated channel activity, and components of biological membrane. Functional and structural alterations in AD and preclinical AD were spatially associated with dopaminergic, serotonergic, and GABAergic neurotransmitter systems. CONCLUSIONS The multimodal meta-analysis demonstrated that patients with AD exhibited convergent functional and structural alterations in the PCC/precuneus and PHG, as well as cortical thinning in the primary sensory and motor areas. Furthermore, patients with preclinical AD showed reduced functional activity in the precuneus. AD and preclinical AD showed genetic modulations/neurotransmitter deficits of brain functional and structural impairments. These findings may provide new insights into the pathophysiology of the AD spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Tang
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zixuan Guo
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Guanmao Chen
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shilin Sun
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shu Xiao
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Pan Chen
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Guixian Tang
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Li Huang
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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Cutuli D, Petrosini L, Gelfo F. Advance in Neurotoxicity Research from Development to Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15112. [PMID: 37894793 PMCID: PMC10606676 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A substance capable of inducing a consistent pattern of neural dysfunction in the chemistry or structure of the nervous system may be defined as neurotoxic [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Cutuli
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Petrosini
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Gelfo
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, Via Plinio 44, 00193 Rome, Italy
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7
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Tseng HC, Pan CY. Dopamine Activates the D1R-Zn 2+ Signaling Pathway to Trigger Inflammatory Response in Primary-Cultured Rat Embryonic Cortical Neurons. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3593-3604. [PMID: 37289255 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01367-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is an early event during the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. Most studies focus on how the factors derived from pathogens or tissue damage activate the inflammation-pyroptosis cell death pathway. It is unclear whether endogenous neurotransmitters could induce inflammatory responses in neurons. Our previous reports have shown that dopamine-induced elevation of intracellular Zn2+ concentration via the D1-like receptor (D1R) is a prerequisite for autophagy and cell death in primary cultured rat embryonic neurons. Here we further examined that this D1R-Zn2+ signaling initiates the transient inflammatory response leading to cell death in cultured cortical neurons. Pretreating the cultured neurons with Zn2+ chelator and inhibitors against inflammation could enhance the cell viability in neurons treated with dopamine and dihydrexidine, an agonist of D1R. Both dopamine and dihydrexidine greatly enhanced inflammasome formation; a Zn2+ chelator, N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridinylmethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine, suppressed this increment. Dopamine and dihydrexidine increased the expression levels of NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 and enhanced the maturation of caspase-1, gasdermin D, and IL-1β; these changes were all Zn2+-dependent. Dopamine treatment did not recruit the N-terminal of the gasdermin D to the plasma membrane but enhanced its localization to the autophagosomes. Pretreating the neurons with IL-1β could increase the viability of neurons challenged with dopamine. These results demonstrate a novel D1R-Zn2+ signaling cascade activating neuroinflammation and cell death. Therefore, maintaining a balance between dopamine homeostasis and inflammatory responses is an important therapeutic target for neurodegeneration. Dopamine elicits transient inflammatory responses in cultured cortical neurons via the D1R-Zn2+ signaling pathway. Dopamine elevates [Zn2+]i to induce the formation of inflammasomes, which activates caspase-1, resulting in the maturation of IL-1β and gasdermin D (GSDMD). Therefore, the homeostasis of dopamine and Zn2+ are critical therapeutic targets for inflammation-derived neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chiun Tseng
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Rd. Sec 4, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yuan Pan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Rd. Sec 4, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
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8
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Kiouri DP, Tsoupra E, Peana M, Perlepes SP, Stefanidou ME, Chasapis CT. Multifunctional role of zinc in human health: an update. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:809-827. [PMID: 37780941 PMCID: PMC10539547 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is a multipurpose trace element for the human body, as it plays a crucial part in various physiological processes, such as cell growth and development, metabolism, cognitive, reproductive, and immune system function. Its significance in human health is widely acknowledged, and this has led the scientific community towards more research that aims to uncover all of its beneficial properties, especially when compared to other essential metal ions. One notable area where zinc has shown beneficial effects is in the prevention and treatment of various diseases, including cancer. This review aims to explain the involvement of zinc in specific health conditions such as cancer, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease, as well as its impact on the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina P. Kiouri
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Evi Tsoupra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Maria E. Stefanidou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos T. Chasapis
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
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9
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Staneviciene I, Levinas D, Sadauskiene I, Liekis A, Viezeliene D, Kursvietiene L, Naginiene R, Baranauskiene D, Simakauskiene V, Vaitkiene P, Miniotaite G, Sulinskiene J. Effect of Organic Selenium on the Homeostasis of Trace Elements, Lipid Peroxidation, and mRNA Expression of Antioxidant Proteins in Mouse Organs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119704. [PMID: 37298655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) In this study we determined the effect of long-term selenomethionine administration on the oxidative stress level and changes in antioxidant protein/enzyme activity; mRNA expression; and the levels of iron, zinc, and copper. (2) Experiments were performed on 4-6-week-old BALB/c mice, which were given selenomethionine (0.4 mg Se/kg b.w.) solution for 8 weeks. The element concentration was determined via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. mRNA expression of SelenoP, Cat, and Sod1 was quantified using real-time quantitative reverse transcription. Malondialdehyde content and catalase activity were determined spectrophotometrically. (3) After long-term SeMet administration, the amount of Se increased by 12-fold in mouse blood, 15-fold in the liver, and 42-fold in the brain, as compared to that in the control. Exposure to SeMet decreased amounts of Fe and Cu in blood, but increased Fe and Zn levels in the liver and increased the levels of all examined elements in the brain. Se increased malondialdehyde content in the blood and brain but decreased it in liver. SeMet administration increased the mRNA expression of selenoprotein P, dismutase, and catalase, but decreased catalase activity in brain and liver. (4) Eight-week-long selenomethionine consumption elevated Se levels in the blood, liver, and especially in the brain and disturbed the homeostasis of Fe, Zn, and Cu. Moreover, Se induced lipid peroxidation in the blood and brain, but not in the liver. In response to SeMet exposure, significant up-regulation of the mRNA expression of catalase, superoxide dismutase 1, and selenoprotein P in the brain, and especially in the liver, was determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Staneviciene
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus St. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dovydas Levinas
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus St. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ilona Sadauskiene
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus St. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu St. 4, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Liekis
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu St. 4, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dale Viezeliene
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus St. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Lolita Kursvietiene
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus St. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rima Naginiene
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu St. 4, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dale Baranauskiene
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu St. 4, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vaida Simakauskiene
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu St. 4, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Paulina Vaitkiene
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu St. 4, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Giedre Miniotaite
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu St. 4, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurgita Sulinskiene
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus St. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu St. 4, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania
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10
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Chen WB, Wang YX, Wang HG, An D, Sun D, Li P, Zhang T, Lu WG, Liu YQ. Role of TPEN in Amyloid-β 25-35-Induced Neuronal Damage Correlating with Recovery of Intracellular Zn 2+ and Intracellular Ca 2+ Overloading. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03322-x. [PMID: 37059931 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03322-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
The overproduction of neurotoxic amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides in the brain is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). To determine the role of intracellular zinc ion (iZn2+) dysregulation in mediating Aβ-related neurotoxicity, this study aimed to investigate whether N, N, N', N'‑tetrakis (2‑pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine (TPEN), a Zn2+‑specific chelator, could attenuate Aβ25-35‑induced neurotoxicity and the underlying mechanism. We used the 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay to measure the viability of primary hippocampal neurons. We also determined intracellular Zn2+ and Ca2+ concentrations, mitochondrial and lysosomal functions, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in hippocampal neurons using live-cell confocal imaging. We detected L-type voltage-gated calcium channel currents (L-ICa) in hippocampal neurons using the whole‑cell patch‑clamp technique. Furthermore, we measured the mRNA expression levels of proteins related to the iZn2+ buffer system (ZnT-3, MT-3) and voltage-gated calcium channels (Cav1.2, Cav1.3) in hippocampal neurons using RT-PCR. The results showed that TPEN attenuated Aβ25-35‑induced neuronal death, relieved the Aβ25-35‑induced increase in intracellular Zn2+ and Ca2+ concentrations; reversed the Aβ25-35‑induced increase in ROS content, the Aβ25-35‑induced increase in the L-ICa peak amplitude at different membrane potentials, the Aβ25-35‑induced the dysfunction of the mitochondria and lysosomes, and the Aβ25-35‑induced decrease in ZnT-3 and MT-3 mRNA expressions; and increased the Cav1.2 mRNA expression in the hippocampal neurons. These results suggest that TPEN, the Zn2+-specific chelator, attenuated Aβ25-35‑induced neuronal damage, correlating with the recovery of intracellular Zn2+ and modulation of abnormal Ca2+-related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bo Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Wang
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Hong-Gang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Di An
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Dan Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Pan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgery Institute, Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wan-Ge Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yan-Qiang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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11
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Vielee ST, Wise JP. Among Gerontogens, Heavy Metals Are a Class of Their Own: A Review of the Evidence for Cellular Senescence. Brain Sci 2023; 13:500. [PMID: 36979310 PMCID: PMC10046019 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13030500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Advancements in modern medicine have improved the quality of life across the globe and increased the average lifespan of our population by multiple decades. Current estimates predict by 2030, 12% of the global population will reach a geriatric age and live another 3-4 decades. This swelling geriatric population will place critical stress on healthcare infrastructures due to accompanying increases in age-related diseases and comorbidities. While much research focused on long-lived individuals seeks to answer questions regarding how to age healthier, there is a deficit in research investigating what aspects of our lives accelerate or exacerbate aging. In particular, heavy metals are recognized as a significant threat to human health with links to a plethora of age-related diseases, and have widespread human exposures from occupational, medical, or environmental settings. We believe heavy metals ought to be classified as a class of gerontogens (i.e., chemicals that accelerate biological aging in cells and tissues). Gerontogens may be best studied through their effects on the "Hallmarks of Aging", nine physiological hallmarks demonstrated to occur in aged cells, tissues, and bodies. Evidence suggests that cellular senescence-a permanent growth arrest in cells-is one of the most pertinent hallmarks of aging and is a useful indicator of aging in tissues. Here, we discuss the roles of heavy metals in brain aging. We briefly discuss brain aging in general, then expand upon observations for heavy metals contributing to age-related neurodegenerative disorders. We particularly emphasize the roles and observations of cellular senescence in neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we discuss the observations for heavy metals inducing cellular senescence. The glaring lack of knowledge about gerontogens and gerontogenic mechanisms necessitates greater research in the field, especially in the context of the global aging crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel T. Vielee
- Pediatrics Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - John P. Wise
- Pediatrics Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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12
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Pathak D, Sriram K. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Neuroinflammation Elicited by Occupational Injuries and Toxicants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032272. [PMID: 36768596 PMCID: PMC9917383 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Occupational injuries and toxicant exposures lead to the development of neuroinflammation by activating distinct mechanistic signaling cascades that ultimately culminate in the disruption of neuronal function leading to neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. The entry of toxicants into the brain causes the subsequent activation of glial cells, a response known as 'reactive gliosis'. Reactive glial cells secrete a wide variety of signaling molecules in response to neuronal perturbations and thus play a crucial role in the progression and regulation of central nervous system (CNS) injury. In parallel, the roles of protein phosphorylation and cell signaling in eliciting neuroinflammation are evolving. However, there is limited understanding of the molecular underpinnings associated with toxicant- or occupational injury-mediated neuroinflammation, gliosis, and neurological outcomes. The activation of signaling molecules has biological significance, including the promotion or inhibition of disease mechanisms. Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanisms of synergism or antagonism among intracellular signaling pathways remain elusive. This review highlights the research focusing on the direct interaction between the immune system and the toxicant- or occupational injury-induced gliosis. Specifically, the role of occupational injuries, e.g., trips, slips, and falls resulting in traumatic brain injury, and occupational toxicants, e.g., volatile organic compounds, metals, and nanoparticles/nanomaterials in the development of neuroinflammation and neurological or neurodegenerative diseases are highlighted. Further, this review recapitulates the recent advancement related to the characterization of the molecular mechanisms comprising protein phosphorylation and cell signaling, culminating in neuroinflammation.
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13
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Afsheen N, Rafique S, Rafeeq H, Irshad K, Hussain A, Huma Z, Kumar V, Bilal M, Aleya L, Iqbal HMN. Neurotoxic effects of environmental contaminants-measurements, mechanistic insight, and environmental relevance. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:70808-70821. [PMID: 36059010 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22779-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pollution is a significant and growing concern for any population regardless of age because these environmental contaminants exhibit different neurodegenerative effects on persons of different ages. These environmental contaminants are the products of human welfare projects like industry, automobile exhaust, clinical and research laboratory extrudes, and agricultural chemicals. These contaminants are found in various forms in environmental matrices like nanoparticles, particulate matter, lipophilic vaporized toxicants, and ultrafine particulate matter. Because of their small size, they can easily cross blood-brain barriers or use different cellular mechanisms for assistance. Other than this, these contaminants cause an innate immune response in different cells of the central nervous system and cause neurotoxicity. Considering the above critiques and current needs, this review summarizes different protective strategies based on bioactive compounds present in plants. Various bioactive compounds from medicinal plants with neuroprotective capacities are discussed with relevant examples. Many in vitro studies on clinical trials have shown promising outcomes using plant-based bioactive compounds against neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Afsheen
- Department of Biochemistry, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Rafique
- Department of Pharmacy, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hamza Rafeeq
- Department of Biochemistry, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Irshad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Asim Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Zille Huma
- Department of Chemistry, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Vineet Kumar
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, School of Engineering and Sciences, GD Goenka University, Sohna Road, Gurugram, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environment Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, 64849, Monterrey, Mexico.
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14
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Metabolic and Cellular Compartments of Acetyl-CoA in the Healthy and Diseased Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710073. [PMID: 36077475 PMCID: PMC9456256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The human brain is characterised by the most diverse morphological, metabolic and functional structure among all body tissues. This is due to the existence of diverse neurons secreting various neurotransmitters and mutually modulating their own activity through thousands of pre- and postsynaptic interconnections in each neuron. Astroglial, microglial and oligodendroglial cells and neurons reciprocally regulate the metabolism of key energy substrates, thereby exerting several neuroprotective, neurotoxic and regulatory effects on neuronal viability and neurotransmitter functions. Maintenance of the pool of mitochondrial acetyl-CoA derived from glycolytic glucose metabolism is a key factor for neuronal survival. Thus, acetyl-CoA is regarded as a direct energy precursor through the TCA cycle and respiratory chain, thereby affecting brain cell viability. It is also used for hundreds of acetylation reactions, including N-acetyl aspartate synthesis in neuronal mitochondria, acetylcholine synthesis in cholinergic neurons, as well as divergent acetylations of several proteins, peptides, histones and low-molecular-weight species in all cellular compartments. Therefore, acetyl-CoA should be considered as the central point of metabolism maintaining equilibrium between anabolic and catabolic pathways in the brain. This review presents data supporting this thesis.
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15
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Fei HX, Qian CF, Wu XM, Wei YH, Huang JY, Wei LH. Role of micronutrients in Alzheimer's disease: Review of available evidence. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:7631-7641. [PMID: 36158513 PMCID: PMC9372870 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i22.7631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorders that have been studied for more than 100 years. Although an increased level of amyloid precursor protein is considered a key contributor to the development of AD, the exact pathogenic mechanism remains known. Multiple factors are related to AD, such as genetic factors, aging, lifestyle, and nutrients. Both epidemiological and clinical evidence has shown that the levels of micronutrients, such as copper, zinc, and iron, are closely related to the development of AD. In this review, we summarize the roles of eight micronutrients, including copper, zinc, iron, selenium, silicon, manganese, arsenic, and vitamin D in AD based on recently published studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xin Fei
- Department of Pathology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Chao-Fan Qian
- Department of Pathology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiang-Mei Wu
- Department of Pathology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yu-Hua Wei
- Department of Pathology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jin-Yu Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Li-Hua Wei
- Department of Pathology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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16
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Turkez H, Yıldırım S, Sahin E, Arslan ME, Emsen B, Tozlu OO, Alak G, Ucar A, Tatar A, Hacimuftuoglu A, Keles MS, Geyikoglu F, Atamanalp M, Saruhan F, Mardinoglu A. Boron Compounds Exhibit Protective Effects against Aluminum-Induced Neurotoxicity and Genotoxicity: In Vitro and In Vivo Study. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10080428. [PMID: 36006107 PMCID: PMC9413983 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10080428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Genetic, neuropathological and biochemical investigations have revealed meaningful relationships between aluminum (Al) exposure and neurotoxic and hematotoxic damage. Hence, intensive efforts are being made to minimize the harmful effects of Al. Moreover, boron compounds are used in a broad mix of industries, from cosmetics and pharmaceuticals to agriculture. They affect critical biological functions in cellular events and enzymatic reactions, as well as endocrinal and mineral metabolisms. There are limited dose-related data about boric acid (BA) and other boron compounds, including colemanite (Col), ulexite (UX) and borax (BX), which have commercial prominence. In this study, we evaluate boron compounds’ genetic, cytological, biochemical and pathological effects against aluminum chloride (AlCl3)-induced hematotoxicity and neurotoxicity on different cell and animal model systems. First, we perform genotoxicity studies on in vivo rat bone marrow cells and peripheric human blood cultures. To analyze DNA and chromosome damage, we use single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE or comet assay) and micronucleus (MN) and chromosome aberration (CA) assays. The nuclear division index (NDI) is used to monitor cytostasis. Second, we examine the biochemical parameters (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidative status (TOS)) to determine oxidative changes in blood and brain. Next, we assess the histopathological alterations by using light and electron microscopes. Our results show that Al increases oxidative stress and genetic damage in blood and brain in vivo and in vitro studies. Al also led to severe histopathological and ultrastructural alterations in the brain. However, the boron compounds alone did not cause adverse changes based on the above-studied parameters. Moreover, these compounds exhibit different levels of beneficial effects by removing the harmful impact of Al. The antioxidant, antigenotoxic and cytoprotective effects of boron compounds against Al-induced damage indicate that boron may have a high potential for use in medical purposes in humans. In conclusion, our analysis suggests that boron compounds (especially BA, BX and UX) can be administered to subjects to prevent neurodegenerative and hematological disorders at determined doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Turkez
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;
| | - Serkan Yıldırım
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;
| | - Elvan Sahin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, 54050 Sakarya, Turkey;
| | - Mehmet Enes Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25050 Erzurum, Turkey; (M.E.A.); (O.O.T.)
| | - Bugrahan Emsen
- Department of Biology, Kamil Özdağ Faculty of Science, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, 70200 Karaman, Turkey;
| | - Ozlem Ozdemir Tozlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25050 Erzurum, Turkey; (M.E.A.); (O.O.T.)
| | - Gonca Alak
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey; (G.A.); (A.U.); (M.A.)
| | - Arzu Ucar
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey; (G.A.); (A.U.); (M.A.)
| | - Abdulgani Tatar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;
| | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey; (A.H.); (F.S.)
| | - Mevlut Sait Keles
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Uskudar University, 34664 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Fatime Geyikoglu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;
| | - Muhammed Atamanalp
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey; (G.A.); (A.U.); (M.A.)
| | - Fatih Saruhan
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey; (A.H.); (F.S.)
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
- Correspondence:
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17
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Zinc in Cognitive Impairment and Aging. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12071000. [PMID: 35883555 PMCID: PMC9312494 DOI: 10.3390/biom12071000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc, an essential micronutrient for life, was first discovered in 1869 and later found to be indispensable for the normal development of plants and for the normal growth of rats and birds. Zinc plays an important role in many physiological and pathological processes in normal mammalian brain development, especially in the development of the central nervous system. Zinc deficiency can lead to neurodegenerative diseases, mental abnormalities, sleep disorders, tumors, vascular diseases, and other pathological conditions, which can cause cognitive impairment and premature aging. This study aimed to review the important effects of zinc and zinc-associated proteins in cognitive impairment and aging, to reveal its molecular mechanism, and to highlight potential interventions for zinc-associated aging and cognitive impairments.
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18
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Hussain S, Khan M, Sheikh TMM, Mumtaz MZ, Chohan TA, Shamim S, Liu Y. Zinc Essentiality, Toxicity, and Its Bacterial Bioremediation: A Comprehensive Insight. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:900740. [PMID: 35711754 PMCID: PMC9197589 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.900740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is one of the most abundantly found heavy metals in the Earth's crust and is reported to be an essential trace metal required for the growth of living beings, with it being a cofactor of major proteins, and mediating the regulation of several immunomodulatory functions. However, its essentiality also runs parallel to its toxicity, which is induced through various anthropogenic sources, constant exposure to polluted sites, and other natural phenomena. The bioavailability of Zn is attributable to various vegetables, beef, and dairy products, which are a good source of Zn for safe consumption by humans. However, conditions of Zn toxicity can also occur through the overdosage of Zn supplements, which is increasing at an alarming rate attributing to lack of awareness. Though Zn toxicity in humans is a treatable and non-life-threatening condition, several symptoms cause distress to human activities and lifestyle, including fever, breathing difficulty, nausea, chest pain, and cough. In the environment, Zn is generally found in soil and water bodies, where it is introduced through the action of weathering, and release of industrial effluents, respectively. Excessive levels of Zn in these sources can alter soil and aquatic microbial diversity, and can thus affect the bioavailability and absorption of other metals as well. Several Gram-positive and -negative species, such as Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., and Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas sp., Klebsiella sp., and Enterobacter sp., respectively, have been reported to be promising agents of Zn bioremediation. This review intends to present an overview of Zn and its properties, uses, bioavailability, toxicity, as well as the major mechanisms involved in its bioremediation from polluted soil and wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarfraz Hussain
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Maryam Khan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Taha Majid Mahmood Sheikh
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Nanjing, China,*Correspondence: Taha Majid Mahmood Sheikh,
| | - Muhammad Zahid Mumtaz
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Talha Ali Chohan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saba Shamim
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan,Saba Shamim,
| | - Yuhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China,Yuhong Liu,
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19
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Kumar R, Harilal S, Thomas Parambi DG, Kanthlal S, Rahman MA, Alexiou A, Batiha GES, Mathew B. The Role of Mitochondrial Genes in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:824-835. [PMID: 34503413 PMCID: PMC9881096 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210908163839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders are clinically heterogeneous, resulting from nuclear gene and mitochondrial mutations that disturb the mitochondrial functions and dynamics. There is a lack of evidence linking mtDNA mutations to neurodegenerative disorders, mainly due to the absence of noticeable neuropathological lesions in postmortem samples. This review describes various gene mutations in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, and stroke. These abnormalities, including PINK1, Parkin, and SOD1 mutations, seem to reveal mitochondrial dysfunctions due to either mtDNA mutation or deletion, the mechanism of which remains unclear in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Seetha Harilal
- Department of Pharmacy, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Della Grace Thomas Parambi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf-2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - S.K. Kanthlal
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi-682 041, India
| | - Md Atiar Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, Australia;,AFNP Med Austria, Wien, Austria
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi-682 041, India,Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi-682 041, India; E-mails: ;
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20
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Esculetin and Fucoidan Attenuate Autophagy and Apoptosis Induced by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles through Modulating Reactive Astrocyte and Proinflammatory Cytokines in the Rat Brain. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10040194. [PMID: 35448455 PMCID: PMC9025201 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10040194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
We examined the protective effects of esculetin and fucoidan against the neurotoxicity of ZnO NPs in rats. Ninety rats were divided into nine groups and pre-treated with esculetin or fucoidan 1 h before ZnO NP administration on a daily basis for 2 weeks. Serum and brain homogenates were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and neurons, microglia, and astrocytes in the hippocampal region were examined with immunohistochemical analysis. The serum levels of interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were altered in the ZnO NP treatment groups. Brain IL-1β and TNF-α levels were elevated after ZnO NP administration, and these effects were inhibited by esculetin and fucoidan. SOD, 8-OHdG, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) levels in the brain were decreased after ZnO NP administration. The brain levels of beclin-1 and caspase-3 were elevated after ZnO NP treatment, and these effects were significantly ameliorated by esculetin and fucoidan. The number of reactive astrocytes measured by counting glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells, but not microglia, increased following ZnO NP treatment, and esculetin and fucoidan ameliorated the changes. Esculetin and fucoidan may be beneficial for preventing ZnO NP-mediated autophagy and apoptosis by the modulation of reactive astrocyte and proinflammatory cytokines in the rat brain.
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21
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Li H, Li M, Ran X, Cui J, Wei F, Yi G, Chen W, Luo X, Chen Z. The Role of Zinc in Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation. Cell Reprogram 2022; 24:80-94. [PMID: 35172118 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2021.0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace element for bone growth and bone homeostasis in the human body. Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are multipotent progenitors existing in the bone marrow stroma with the capability of differentiating along multiple lineage pathways. Zinc plays a paramount role in BMSCs, which can be spurred differentiating into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, or adipocytes, and modulates the formation and activity of osteoclasts. The expression of related genes also changed during the differentiation of various cell phenotypes. Based on the important role of zinc in BMSC differentiation, using zinc as a therapeutic approach for bone remodeling will be a promising method. This review explores the role of zinc ion in the differentiation of BMSCs into various cell phenotypes and outlines the existing research on their molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyun Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Muzhe Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xun Ran
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Juncheng Cui
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Fu Wei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Guoliang Yi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xuling Luo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
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22
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Noro F, Marotta A, Bonaccio M, Costanzo S, Santonastaso F, Orlandi S, Tirozzi A, Parisi R, De Curtis A, Persichillo M, Gianfagna F, Di Castelnuovo A, Donati MB, Cerletti C, de Gaetano G, Iacoviello L, Gialluisi A, Izzi B. Fine-grained investigation of the relationship between human nutrition and global DNA methylation patterns. Eur J Nutr 2021; 61:1231-1243. [PMID: 34741648 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02716-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nutrition is an important, modifiable, environmental factor affecting human health by modulating epigenetic processes, including DNA methylation (5mC). Numerous studies investigated the association of nutrition with global and gene-specific DNA methylation and evidences on animal models highlighted a role in DNA hydroxymethylation (5hmC) regulation. However, a more comprehensive analysis of different layers of nutrition in association with global levels of 5mC and 5hmC is lacking. We investigated the association between global levels of 5mC and 5hmC and human nutrition, through the stratification and analysis of dietary patterns into different nutritional layers: adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD), main food groups, macronutrients and micronutrients intake. METHODS ELISA technique was used to measure global 5mC and 5hmC levels in 1080 subjects from the Moli-sani cohort. Food intake during the 12 months before enrolment was assessed using the semi-quantitative EPIC food frequency questionnaire. Complementary approaches involving both classical statistics and supervised machine learning analyses were used to investigate the associations between global 5mC and 5hmC levels and adherence to Mediterranean diet, main food groups, macronutrients and micronutrients intake. RESULTS We found that global DNA methylation, but not hydroxymethylation, was associated with daily intake of zinc and vitamin B3. Random Forests algorithms predicting 5mC and 5hmC through intakes of food groups, macronutrients and micronutrients revealed a significant contribution of zinc, while vitamin B3 was reported among the most influential features. CONCLUSION We found that nutrition may affect global DNA methylation, suggesting a contribution of micronutrients previously implicated as cofactors in methylation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizia Noro
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via dell'Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Annalisa Marotta
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via dell'Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Marialaura Bonaccio
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via dell'Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Simona Costanzo
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via dell'Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Federica Santonastaso
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via dell'Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Sabatino Orlandi
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via dell'Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Alfonsina Tirozzi
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via dell'Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Roberta Parisi
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via dell'Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Amalia De Curtis
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via dell'Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Persichillo
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via dell'Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Francesco Gianfagna
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, EPIMED Research Center, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | | | - Maria Benedetta Donati
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via dell'Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Chiara Cerletti
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via dell'Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Giovanni de Gaetano
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via dell'Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Licia Iacoviello
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via dell'Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy. .,Department of Medicine and Surgery, EPIMED Research Center, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Gialluisi
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via dell'Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Benedetta Izzi
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via dell'Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
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23
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Ling TS, Chandrasegaran S, Xuan LZ, Suan TL, Elaine E, Nathan DV, Chai YH, Gunasekaran B, Salvamani S. The Potential Benefits of Nanotechnology in Treating Alzheimer's Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5550938. [PMID: 34285915 PMCID: PMC8275379 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5550938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that is caused by the accumulation of beta-amyloid plaques in the brain. Currently, there is no definitive cure available to treat Alzheimer's disease. The available medication in the market has the ability to only slow down its progression. However, nanotechnology has shown its superiority that can be applied for medical usage and it has a great potential in the therapy of Alzheimer's disease, specifically in the disease diagnosis and providing an alternative approach to treat Alzheimer's disease. This is done by increasing the efficiency of drug delivery by penetrating and overcoming the blood-brain barrier. Having said that, there are limitations that need to be further investigated and researched in order to minimize the adverse effects and potential toxicity and to improve drug bioavailability. The recent advances in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease using nanotechnology include the regeneration of stem cells, nanomedicine, and neuroprotection. In this review, we will discuss the advancement of nanotechnology which helps in the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease as well as its challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Sook Ling
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, 1, Jalan Puncak Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shanthini Chandrasegaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, 1, Jalan Puncak Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Low Zhi Xuan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, 1, Jalan Puncak Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tong Li Suan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, 1, Jalan Puncak Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Elaine Elaine
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, 1, Jalan Puncak Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Durrgashini Visva Nathan
- Division of Applied Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yam Hok Chai
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, 1, Jalan Puncak Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Baskaran Gunasekaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, 1, Jalan Puncak Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shamala Salvamani
- Division of Applied Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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24
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Eiró LG, Ferreira MKM, Frazão DR, Aragão WAB, Souza-Rodrigues RD, Fagundes NCF, Maia LC, Lima RR. Lead exposure and its association with neurological damage: systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:37001-37015. [PMID: 34046839 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13536-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is one of the most toxic and abundant elements in the earth's crust, which is pointed out that the intoxication caused by it may damage biological systems. This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between Pb exposure and neurological damage. This work was executed according to PRISMA guidelines, and seven online databases were consulted. Based on the PECO strategy, studies presenting humans as participants (populations) exposed to Pb (exposure) compared to non-exposed to Pb (control) evaluating the neurological impairment (outcome) were included. The quality and risk of bias were verified by Fowkes and Fulton checklist. Two meta-analyses were conducted considering Digit Symbol and Profile Mood tests. The certainty of the evidence was evaluated with the GRADE tool. This review identified 2019 studies, of which 12 were eligible according to the inclusion criteria. Eight were considered with a low risk of bias. All the studies elected showed that exposure to Pb is associated with neurological damage, but the meta-analysis did not show any difference for the evaluated tests, and the certainty of the evidence was considered very low. Nevertheless, the included studies showed that Pb occupational exposure is associated with neurological damage, and the main parameters evaluated for possible neurological damage were related to mnemonic aspects, reaction time, intelligence, attention disorders, and mood changes. Thus, our results revealed that a definitive demonstration of an association of Pb and neurological changes in humans is still a pending issue. Future studies should take into consideration more confident methods to answer this question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Guimarães Eiró
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, 01 Augusto Correa Street, Guama, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Maria Karolina Martins Ferreira
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, 01 Augusto Correa Street, Guama, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Déborah Ribeiro Frazão
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, 01 Augusto Correa Street, Guama, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Walessa Alana Bragança Aragão
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, 01 Augusto Correa Street, Guama, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Renata Duarte Souza-Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, 01 Augusto Correa Street, Guama, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | | | - Lucianne Cople Maia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, 01 Augusto Correa Street, Guama, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil.
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25
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Brzóska MM, Kozłowska M, Rogalska J, Gałażyn-Sidorczuk M, Roszczenko A, Smereczański NM. Enhanced Zinc Intake Protects against Oxidative Stress and Its Consequences in the Brain: A Study in an In Vivo Rat Model of Cadmium Exposure. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020478. [PMID: 33572579 PMCID: PMC7911633 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined, in a rat model of moderate environmental human exposure to cadmium (Cd), whether the enhanced intake of zinc (Zn) may protect against Cd-caused destroying the oxidative/antioxidative balance and its consequences in the brain. The intoxication with Cd (5 mg/L, 6 months) weakened the enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase) and non-enzymatic (total thiol groups, reduced glutathione) antioxidative barrier decreasing the total antioxidative status and increased the concentrations of pro-oxidants (hydrogen peroxide, myeloperoxidase) in this organ and its total oxidative status. These resulted in the development of oxidative stress and oxidative modifications of lipids and proteins. The co-administration of Zn (30 and 60 mg/L enhancing this element intake by 79% and 151%, respectively) importantly protected against Cd accumulation in the brain tissue and this xenobiotic-induced development of oxidative stress and oxidative damage to lipids and proteins. Moreover, this bioelement also prevented Cd-mediated oxidative stress evaluated in the serum. The favorable effect of Zn was caused by its independent action and interaction with Cd. Concluding, the enhancement of Zn intake under oral exposure to Cd may prevent the oxidative/antioxidative imbalance and oxidative stress in the brain and thus protect against injury of cellular macromolecules in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata M. Brzóska
- Correspondence: (M.M.B.); (M.K.); Tel.: +48-85-7485604 (M.M.B. & M.K.); Fax: +48-85-7485834 (M.M.B. & M.K.)
| | - Magdalena Kozłowska
- Correspondence: (M.M.B.); (M.K.); Tel.: +48-85-7485604 (M.M.B. & M.K.); Fax: +48-85-7485834 (M.M.B. & M.K.)
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