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Li W, Qi Z, Xiong D, Wu Y, Wang W, Qi Y, Guo J. Formation and sedimentation of oil-mineral aggregates in the presence of chemical dispersant. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2023; 25:1937-1944. [PMID: 37786335 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00327b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The formation and sedimentation of oil-mineral aggregates (OMAs) is the major method to transport spilled oil to the seafloor. In this study, the formation and sedimentation experiments of OMA using montmorillonite and four crude oils were performed in a wave tank in the presence of chemical dispersant. Most of the formed OMAs were droplet OMAs, and single droplet OMA would aggregate into multiple ones under the action of the dispersant. The size of the oil droplets trapped in the OMA increased with time and was larger for the oil with higher viscosity. The sinking velocities of OMAs formed in this study were between 100-1200 μm s-1 and they were positively correlated with their diameter. The density of OMA was of the same order as that of the crude oil that formed them. An increase in the dispersant dosage could promote the formation of OMAs. The oil content in OMAs was higher for the denser oil in the presence of a dispersant. The maximum oil trapping efficiency of OMAs was 48.05%. This study provides fundamental data on the formation kinetics of OMAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Li
- Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dalian Maritime Univ, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Zhixin Qi
- Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dalian Maritime Univ, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Deqi Xiong
- Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dalian Maritime Univ, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Yifei Wu
- Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dalian Maritime Univ, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dalian Maritime Univ, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Yajing Qi
- Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dalian Maritime Univ, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Jian Guo
- Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dalian Maritime Univ, Dalian 116026, China.
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Li W, Yu Y, Xiong D, Qi Z, Wang W, Qi Y. Effects of oil properties on the formation of oil-particle aggregates at the presence of chemical dispersant in baffled flask tests. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 436:129227. [PMID: 35739747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The formation of oil-particle aggregates (OPA) is the major sedimental pathway of spilled oil, which can bring great harm to both the benthic communities and marine environment. In this paper, effects of GM-2 chemical dispersant and oil properties on the formation of OPA was investigated by the EPA baffled flask test. The addition of dispersant can promote the formation of OPA from montmorillonite and five test oils obviously. With the increase of the dispersant dosage, the size of trapped oil in OPA increased and the density of OPA decreased. The dispersant can increase the kinematic viscosity of crude oil, and high viscosity of the oil is advantageous for the formation of OPA. The oil-seawater interfacial tension is reduced after the addition of dispersant, which makes oil dispersed into the water column easier. A kinematic equation of dispersed oil concentration attenuation was modified by introducing the oil property coefficient β. The modified empirical equation can calculate the mass of oil in sunken OPA in oil spill accidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Li
- Dalian Maritime Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Dalian Maritime Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Deqi Xiong
- Dalian Maritime Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Zhixin Qi
- Dalian Maritime Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Dalian Maritime Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Yajing Qi
- Dalian Maritime Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dalian 116026, China
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Li W, Yu Y, Xiong D, Qi Z, Fu S, Yu X. Effects of chemical dispersant on the surface properties of kaolin and aggregation with spilled oil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:30496-30506. [PMID: 35000158 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17746-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
After oil spills occur, dispersed oil droplets can collide with suspended particles in the water column to form the oil-mineral aggregate (OMA) and settle to the seafloor. However, only a few studies have concerned the effect of chemical dispersant on this process. In this paper, the mechanism by which dispersant affects the surface properties of kaolin and the viscosity and oil-seawater interfacial tension (IFTow) of Roncador crude oil were separately investigated by small-scale tests. The results indicated that the presence of dispersant impairs the zeta potential and enhances the hydrophobicity of kaolin. The viscosity of Roncador crude oil rose slightly as the dosage of dispersant increased, while IFTow decreased significantly. Furthermore, the oil dispersion and OMA formation at different dispersant-to-oil ratio (DOR) were evaluated in a wave tank. When DOR was less than 1:40, the effect of dispersant on the dispersion of spilled oil was not obvious. With the increasing DOR, the effect became more pronounced, and the adhesion between oil droplets and kaolin was inhibited. The size ratio between oil droplets and particles is the significant factor for OMA formation. The closer the oil-mineral size ratio is to 1, the more difficultly the OMA forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Li
- Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dalian Maritime Univ, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dalian Maritime Univ, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Deqi Xiong
- Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dalian Maritime Univ, Dalian, 116026, China.
| | - Zhixin Qi
- Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dalian Maritime Univ, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Sinan Fu
- Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dalian Maritime Univ, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Xinping Yu
- Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dalian Maritime Univ, Dalian, 116026, China
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Gurav R, Bhatia SK, Choi TR, Choi YK, Kim HJ, Song HS, Park SL, Lee HS, Lee SM, Choi KY, Yang YH. Adsorptive removal of crude petroleum oil from water using floating pinewood biochar decorated with coconut oil-derived fatty acids. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 781:146636. [PMID: 33784526 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation deals with the adsorptive removal of crude petroleum oil from the water surface using coconut oil-modified pinewood biochar. Biochar generated at higher pyrolysis temperature (700 °C) revealed higher fatty acid-binding efficiency responsible for the excellent hydrophobicity of the biochar. Fatty acids composition attached to the biochar produced at 700 °C was (mg g-1 BC) lauric acid (9.024), myristic acid (5.065), palmitic acid (2.769), capric acid (1.639), oleic acid (1.362), stearic acid (1.114), and linoleic acid (0.130). Simulation of the experimental adsorption data of pristine and modified pinewood biochar generated at 700 °C offered the best fit to pseudo-first-order kinetics (R2 > 0.97) and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 > 0.99) based on the highest regression coefficients. Consequently, the adsorption process was mainly driven by surface hydrophobic interactions including π-π electron-donor-acceptor between electron-rich (π-donor) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the crude oil and biochar (π-acceptor). A maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax) of 5.315 g g-1 was achieved by modified floating biochar within 60 min. Whereas the reusability testing revealed 49.39% and 51.40% was the adsorption efficiency of pristine and modified biochar at the fifth adsorption-desorption cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit Gurav
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Rim Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Keun Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joong Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun-Suk Song
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Lee Park
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Soo Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Mi Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Young Choi
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, College of Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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