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Link DT, Viana GGF, Siqueira LP, Ferraz CM, Rodrigues RA, Mathias LA, Cardozo MV, Rossi GAM. Assessing the Microbial Quality of Shrimp ( Xiphonaeus kroyeri) and Mussels ( Perna perna) Illegally Sold in the Vitória Region, Brazil, and Investigating the Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolates. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:242. [PMID: 38534677 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13030242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The consumption of seafood is crucial for food security, but poor hygiene along the food production chain can result in low microbiological quality, posing significant risks for public health and seafood quality. Thus, this study aimed to assess the microbiological quality and antimicrobial sensitivity of E. coli from 69 samples of illegally marketed shrimp and mussels in the Vitória Region, Brazil. These foods exhibited poor microbiological quality due to high counts of mesophilic, psychrotrophic, and enterobacteria microorganisms. While this issue is widespread in this area, shrimp samples displayed higher microbial counts compared to mussels, and fresh mussels had elevated counts of enterobacteria compared to frozen ones. Among the 10 E. coli isolates, none carried the genes blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-2, blaCTX-M-3, blaCTX-M-15, mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3, mcr-4, and tet, associated with antibiotic resistance. Phenotypical resistance to tetracycline and fosfomycin was not observed in any isolate, while only 20% demonstrated resistance to ciprofloxacin. Regarding ampicillin and amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, 60% of isolates were resistant, 10% showed intermediate susceptibility, and 30% were sensitive. One isolate was considered simultaneously resistant to β-lactams and quinolones, and none were conserved as ESBL producers. These findings highlight the inherent risks to local public health that arise from consuming improperly prepared seafood in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniella Tosta Link
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Vila Velha (UVV), Vila Velha 29102-920, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Lívia Pasolini Siqueira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Vila Velha (UVV), Vila Velha 29102-920, ES, Brazil
| | - Carolina Magri Ferraz
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Vila Velha (UVV), Vila Velha 29102-920, ES, Brazil
| | - Romário Alves Rodrigues
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Antonio Mathias
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Marita Vedovelli Cardozo
- Microorganism Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Science and Health, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais (UEMG), Passos 37900-004, MG, Brazil
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González-Aravena M, Perrois G, Font A, Cárdenas CA, Rondon R. Microbiome profile of the Antarctic clam Laternula elliptica. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:487-497. [PMID: 38157148 PMCID: PMC10920576 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01200-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The filter feeder clam Laternula elliptica is a key species in the Antarctic ecosystem. As a stenothermal benthic species, it has a poor capacity for adaptation to small temperature variations. Despite their ecological importance and sensitivity to climate change, studies on their microbiomes are lacking. The goal of this study was to characterize the bacterial communities of L. elliptica and the tissues variability of this microbiome to provide an initial insight of host-microbiota interactions. We investigated the diversity and taxonomic composition of bacterial communities of L. elliptica from five regions of the body using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed that the microbiome of L. elliptica tended to differ from that of the surrounding seawater samples. However, there were no significant differences in the microbial composition between the body sites, and only two OTUs were present in all samples, being considered core microbiome (genus Moritella and Polaribacter). No significant differences were detected in diversity indexes among tissues (mean 626.85 for observed OTUs, 628.89 Chao1, 5.42 Shannon, and 0.87 Simpson). Rarefaction analysis revealed that most tissues reached a plateau of OTU number according to sample increase, with the exception of Siphon samples. Psychromonas and Psychrilyobacter were particularly abundant in L. elliptica whereas Fluviicola dominated seawater and siphons. Typical polar bacteria were Polaribacter, Shewanella, Colwellia, and Moritella. We detected the prevalence of pathogenic bacterial sequences, particularly in the family Arcobacteraceae, Pseudomonadaceae, and Mycoplasmataceae. The prokaryotic diversity was similar among tissues, as well as their taxonomic composition, suggesting a homogeneity of the microbiome along L. elliptica body. The Antarctic clam population can be used to monitor the impact of human activity in areas near Antarctic stations that discharge wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Garance Perrois
- Departamento Científico, Instituto Antártico Chileno, Punta Arenas, Chile
- Tropical & Subtropical Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Alejandro Font
- Departamento Científico, Instituto Antártico Chileno, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - César A Cárdenas
- Departamento Científico, Instituto Antártico Chileno, Punta Arenas, Chile
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodolfo Rondon
- Departamento Científico, Instituto Antártico Chileno, Punta Arenas, Chile.
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Ben-Haddad M, Charroud I, Mghili B, Abelouah MR, Hajji S, Aragaw TA, Rangel-Buitrago N, Alla AA. Examining the influence of COVID-19 lockdowns on coastal water quality: A study on fecal bacteria levels in Moroccan seawaters. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 195:115476. [PMID: 37677975 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Fecal bacteria in bathing seawater pose a substantial public health risk and require rigorous monitoring. The unexpected beach closures during the COVID-19 lockdowns have afforded unique opportunities to evaluate the impact of human activities on bathing water quality (BWQ). This study examined the temporal changes in fecal coliforms (FC) and streptococci (FS) within bathing seawater across a popular coastal region in Morocco during two lockdown periods (2020 L and 2021 L), comparing these data with observations from pre-lockdown years (2018, 2019) and post-lockdown periods (2020, 2021, 2022). Our findings illuminate the influential role the hiatus periods played in enhancing bathing water quality, attaining an "excellent" status with marked reductions in fecal coliform and streptococci levels. Consequently, the FC/FS analysis exposed a clear preponderance of humans as the primary sources of fecal contamination, a trend that aligns with the burgeoning coastal tourism and the escalating numbers of beach visitors. Additionally, the presence of domestic animals like camels and horses used for tourist rides, coupled with an increase in wild animals such as dogs during the lockdown periods, compounded the potential sources of fecal bacteria in the study area. Furthermore, occasional sewage discharge from tourist accommodations and wastewater treatment plants may also contribute to fecal contamination. To effectively mitigate these concerns and bolster public health, a commitment to relentless surveillance efforts, leveraging novel and innovative tools, is essential. These findings underline the crucial interplay between human activities and the health of our coastal ecosystems, emphasizing the need for sustainable practices for a safer and healthier future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ben-Haddad
- Laboratory of Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Environments (AQUAMAR), Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco.
| | - Imane Charroud
- Laboratory of Biotechnologies and Valorization of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco; Laboratory of Biology and Ecology of Deep Marine Ecosystems (BEEP), UMR 6197 (UBO, CNRS, Ifremer), Plouzané, France.
| | - Bilal Mghili
- LESCB, URL-CNRST N° 18, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Faculty of Sciences, Tetouan, Morocco.
| | - Mohamed Rida Abelouah
- Laboratory of Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Environments (AQUAMAR), Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco.
| | - Sara Hajji
- Laboratory of Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Environments (AQUAMAR), Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco.
| | - Tadele Assefa Aragaw
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
| | - Nelson Rangel-Buitrago
- Programa de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Basicas, Universidad del Atlantico, Barranquilla, Atlantico, Colombia.
| | - Aicha Ait Alla
- Laboratory of Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Environments (AQUAMAR), Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco.
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Ekakoro JE, Guptill LF, Hendrix GK, Dorsey L, Ruple A. Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated from Freshwater Mussels in the Wildcat Creek Watershed, Indiana, United States. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12040728. [PMID: 37107090 PMCID: PMC10135199 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12040728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health crisis that threatens the health of humans and animals. The spread of resistance among species may occur through our shared environment. Prevention of AMR requires integrated monitoring systems, and these systems must account for the presence of AMR in the environment in order to be effective. The purpose of this study was to establish and pilot a set of procedures for utilizing freshwater mussels as a means of surveillance for microbes with AMR in Indiana waterways. One hundred and eighty freshwater mussels were sampled from three sites along the Wildcat Creek watershed in north-central Indiana. Specimens were evaluated for the presence of ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter species), Escherichia coli, Campylobacter, and Salmonella species, and the isolates were tested for antimicrobial resistance. A total of 24 bacterial isolates were obtained from tissue homogenates of freshwater mussels collected at a site directly downstream from Kokomo, Indiana. Of these, 17 were Enterobacter spp., five were Escherichia coli, one was Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and one was Klebsiella pneumoniae. All isolates were resistant to three or more antimicrobial drug classes. Further work is necessary to determine the source of the bacterial species found in the mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Ekakoro
- Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Lynn F Guptill
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - G Kenitra Hendrix
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology/Indiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Lauren Dorsey
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Audrey Ruple
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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Zacharias N, Löckener I, Essert SM, Sib E, Bierbaum G, Kistemann T, Schreiber C. Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Clams-A Study on Mussels in the River Rhine. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10050571. [PMID: 34066054 PMCID: PMC8150577 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections have been treated effectively by antibiotics since the discovery of penicillin in 1928. A worldwide increase in the use of antibiotics led to the emergence of antibiotic resistant strains in almost all bacterial pathogens, which complicates the treatment of infectious diseases. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria play an important role in increasing the risk associated with the usage of surface waters (e.g., irrigation, recreation) and the spread of the resistance genes. Many studies show that important pathogenic antibiotic-resistant bacteria can enter the environment by the discharge of sewage treatment plants and combined sewage overflow events. Mussels have successfully been used as bio-indicators of heavy metals, chemicals and parasites; they may also be efficient bio-indicators for viruses and bacteria. In this study an influence of the discharge of a sewage treatment plant could be shown in regard to the presence of E. coli in higher concentrations in the mussels downstream the treatment plant. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria, resistant against one or two classes of antibiotics and relevance for human health could be detected in the mussels at different sampling sites of the river Rhine. No multidrug-resistant bacteria could be isolated from the mussels, although they were found in samples of the surrounding water body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Zacharias
- Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.M.E.); (E.S.); (T.K.); (C.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)228-287-19874
| | - Iris Löckener
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University Hospital Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 168, 53115 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Sarah M. Essert
- Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.M.E.); (E.S.); (T.K.); (C.S.)
| | - Esther Sib
- Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.M.E.); (E.S.); (T.K.); (C.S.)
| | - Gabriele Bierbaum
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Thomas Kistemann
- Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.M.E.); (E.S.); (T.K.); (C.S.)
- Department of Geography, University of Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 166, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christiane Schreiber
- Institute for Hygiene and Public Health, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.M.E.); (E.S.); (T.K.); (C.S.)
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