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Zhang K, Wei X, Ling C, Deng Z, Zhang X. Revisiting regeneration performance and mechanism of anion exchanger-supported nano-hydrated zirconium oxides for cyclic water defluoridation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Nag S, Mondal U, Hirani H, Chakraborty D, Bhaumik A, Banerjee P. Strategic optimization of phase-selective thermochemically amended terra-firma originating from excavation-squander for geogenic fluoride adsorption: a combined experimental and in silico approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:77821-77838. [PMID: 35687285 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21178-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An inimitable adsorbent "FI-TM-BWCC," emanated from meta-phase-selective thermochemical modulation of excavation-squander (mine waste)-derived terra-firma (blackish white china clay, i.e., BWCC), is explored in the present work for fluoride (F-) adsorption purpose. FI-TM-BWCC portrayed an excellent adsorption efficiency (95% removal capacity and Qe: 99 mg/g, at initial adsorbate dose: 10 mg/L, pH: 7±0.5, adsorbent dosage: ~600 mg, exposure time: 60 min). At identical experimental conditions, the F- scavenging phenomenon was superior than two analogous adsorbents: (i) biopolymer chitosan and glutaraldehyde cross-linked BWCC (CG@BWCC, wherein F- removal efficiency: 74%) and (ii) meta-phase-selective thermally moduled BWCC (TM-BWCC, removal efficiency: 75%). BWCC predominantly comprises kaolinite and a trace amount of anatase along with prime elemental compositions: 41.71% Al2O3, 49.80 % SiO2, 4.25% Fe2O3, and 3.93% TiO2, as revealed by PXRD and XRF analyses. The thermochemical modulation pathway significantly escalated the BET surface area of BWCC (~11.92 m2/g, avg. pore radius: 23.64 Å, i.e., mesoporous in nature) to FI-TM-BWCC (216.95 m2/g, avg. pore radius: 31.41 Å). The fluoride-adsorbed F-•••FI-TM-BWCC species revealed a reduced surface area of 21.5 m2/g, which was explained in the light of ion exchange pathway on FI-TM-BWCC's non-uniform surface (surface roughness/SA of 1597 nm, reduced to 1179 nm after F- uptake). The spontaneous F-•••FI-TM-BWCC interaction (ΔG0 = -6.25 kJ) occurred following chemisorption-controlled ion exchange (CCIE) pathway as appearance of a F1s band at 685.5 eV was rationalized for Si-F bond formation; corroborating pseudo second-order (PSO) kinetics and resembling Freundlich isotherm. The usefulness of FI-TM-BWCC was diversified through field validation with natural groundwater specimens and proposition of a gravity-fed defluoridation unit. The flow rate was documented to be ~11 liters per hour (LPH) by implementing viscous turbulence fluent model. The experimental findings certainly followed the premise conventions of sustainability metrics upholding socio-economic equipoise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somrita Nag
- CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, M. G. Avenue, Durgapur, 713209, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Udayan Mondal
- CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, M. G. Avenue, Durgapur, 713209, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Harish Hirani
- CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, M. G. Avenue, Durgapur, 713209, India
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Debabrata Chakraborty
- Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, 700 032, India
| | - Asim Bhaumik
- Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, 700 032, India
| | - Priyabrata Banerjee
- CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, M. G. Avenue, Durgapur, 713209, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
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