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Zhang Y, Yang C, Liu S, Xie Z, Chang H, Wu T. Phytohormones-mediated strategies for mitigation of heavy metals toxicity in plants focused on sustainable production. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:99. [PMID: 38494540 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE In this manuscript, authors reviewed and explore the information on beneficial role of phytohormones to mitigate adverse effects of heavy metals toxicity in plants. Global farming systems are seriously threatened by heavy metals (HMs) toxicity, which can result in decreased crop yields, impaired food safety, and negative environmental effects. A rise in curiosity has been shown recently in creating sustainable methods to reduce HMs toxicity in plants and improve agricultural productivity. To accomplish this, phytohormones, which play a crucial role in controlling plant development and adaptations to stress, have emerged as intriguing possibilities. With a particular focus on environmentally friendly farming methods, the current review provides an overview of phytohormone-mediated strategies for reducing HMs toxicity in plants. Several physiological and biochemical activities, including metal uptake, translocation, detoxification, and stress tolerance, are mediated by phytohormones, such as melatonin, auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, abscisic acid, salicylic acid, and jasmonates. The current review offers thorough explanations of the ways in which phytohormones respond to HMs to help plants detoxify and strengthen their resilience to metal stress. It is crucial to explore the potential uses of phytohormones as long-term solutions for reducing the harmful effects of HMs in plants. These include accelerating phytoextraction, decreasing metal redistribution to edible plant portions, increasing plant tolerance to HMs by hormonal manipulation, and boosting metal sequestration in roots. These methods seek to increase plant resistance to HMs stress while supporting environmentally friendly agricultural output. In conclusion, phytohormones present potential ways to reduce the toxicity of HMs in plants, thus promoting sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130600, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Chunyuan Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130600, China.
| | - Shuxia Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Zhonglei Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130600, China
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Hongyan Chang
- College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Tong Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130600, China
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Charagh S, Hui S, Wang J, Raza A, Zhou L, Xu B, Zhang Y, Sheng Z, Tang S, Hu S, Hu P. Unveiling Innovative Approaches to Mitigate Metals/Metalloids Toxicity for Sustainable Agriculture. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14226. [PMID: 38410873 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Due to anthropogenic activities, environmental pollution of heavy metals/metalloids (HMs) has increased and received growing attention in recent decades. Plants growing in HM-contaminated soils have slower growth and development, resulting in lower agricultural yield. Exposure to HMs leads to the generation of free radicals (oxidative stress), which alters plant morpho-physiological and biochemical pathways at the cellular and tissue levels. Plants have evolved complex defense mechanisms to avoid or tolerate the toxic effects of HMs, including HMs absorption and accumulation in cell organelles, immobilization by forming complexes with organic chelates, extraction via numerous transporters, ion channels, signaling cascades, and transcription elements, among others. Nonetheless, these internal defensive mechanisms are insufficient to overcome HMs toxicity. Therefore, unveiling HMs adaptation and tolerance mechanisms is necessary for sustainable agriculture. Recent breakthroughs in cutting-edge approaches such as phytohormone and gasotransmitters application, nanotechnology, omics, and genetic engineering tools have identified molecular regulators linked to HMs tolerance, which may be applied to generate HMs-tolerant future plants. This review summarizes numerous systems that plants have adapted to resist HMs toxicity, such as physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses. Diverse adaptation strategies have also been comprehensively presented to advance plant resilience to HMs toxicity that could enable sustainable agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidra Charagh
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Suozhen Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Ali Raza
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhonghua Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaoqing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Shikai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Peisong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
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Liu S, Xiao Y, Bai C, Liu H, Su X, Jin P, Xu H, Cao L, Yao L. The physiological and biochemical responses to dark pericarp disease induced by excess manganese in litchi. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108269. [PMID: 38096732 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Dark pericarp disease (DPD), a physiological disorder induced by excess Manganese (Mn) in litchi, severely impacts the appearance and its economic value. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of DPD, this study investigated the variations of phenolic compound, antioxidant defense system, subcellular structure, and transcriptome profiles in both normal fruit and dark pericarp fruit (DPF) at three developmental stages (green, turning, and maturity) of 'Guiwei' litchi. The results reveal that excess Mn in DPF pericarp resulted in a significant increase in reactive oxygen species, especially H2O2, and subsequent alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities. Notably, SOD (EC 1.15.1.1) activity at the green stage, along with POD (EC 1.11.1.7) and APX (EC 1.11.1.11) activities at the turning and the maturity stages, and GST (EC 2.5.1.18) activity during fruit development, were markedly higher in DPF. Cell injury was observed in pericarp, facilitating the formation of dark materials in DPF. Transcriptome profiling further reveals that genes involved in flavonoid and anthocyanin synthesis were up-regulated during the green stage but down-regulated during the turning and maturity stages. In contrast, PAL (EC 4.3.1.24), C4H (EC 1.14.14.91), 4CL (EC 6.2.1.12), CAD (EC 1.1.1.195), and particularly POD, were up-regulated, leading to reduced flavonoid and anthocyanin accumulation and increased lignin content in DPF pericarp. The above suggests that the antioxidant system and phenolic metabolism jointly resisted the oxidative stress induced by Mn stress. We speculate that phenols, terpenes, or their complexes might be the substrates of the dark substances in DPF pericarp, but more investigations are needed to identify them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silin Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Youping Xiao
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Cuihua Bai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Huilin Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xuexia Su
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Peng Jin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Huiting Xu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Laixin Cao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lixian Yao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Tang Y, Zhang J, Wang L, Wang H, Long H, Yang L, Li G, Guo J, Wang Y, Li Y, Yang Q, Shi W, Shao R. Water deficit aggravated the inhibition of photosynthetic performance of maize under mercury stress but is alleviated by brassinosteroids. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130365. [PMID: 36444077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) significantly inhibits maize (Zea mays L.) production, which could be aggravated by water deficit (WD) due to climate change. However, there is no report on the maize in response to combined their stresses. This work was conducted for assessing the response and adaptive mechanism of maize to combined Hg and WD stress using two maize cultivars, Xianyu (XY) 335 and Yudan (YD) 132. The analysis was based on plant growth, physiological function, and transcriptomic data. Compared with the single Hg stress, Hg accumulation in whole plant and translocation factor (TF) under Hg+WD were increased by 64.51 % (1.44 mg kg-1) and 260.00 %, respectively, for XY 335; and 50.32 % (0.62 mg kg-1) and 220.02 %, respectively, for YD 132. Combined Hg and WD stress further increased the reactive oxygen species accumulation, aggravated the damage of the thylakoid membrane, and decreased chlorophyll content compared with single stress. For example, Chl a and Chl b contents of XY 335 were significantly decreased by 48.67 % and 28.08 %, respectively at 48 h after Hg+WD treatment compared with Hg stress. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis revealed that most of down-regulated genes were enriched in photosynthetic-antenna proteins, photosynthesis, chlorophyll and porphyrin metabolism pathways (PsbS1, PSBQ1 and FDX1 etc.) under combined stress, reducing light energy capture and electron transport. However, most genes related to the brassinosteroids (BRs) signaling pathway were up-regulated under Hg+WD stress. Correspondingly, exogenous BRs significantly enhanced the maize tolerance to stress by decreasing Hg accumulation and TF, and raising activities of antioxidant enzyme, the content of chlorophyll and photosynthetic performance. The PI, Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo of Hg+WD+BR treatment were increased by 29.88 %, 32.06 %, and 14.56 %, respectively, for XY 335 compared to Hg+WD. Overall, combined Hg and WD stress decreased photosynthetic efficiency by adversely affecting light absorption and electron transport, especially in stress-sensitive variety, but BRs could alleviate the inhibition of photosynthesis, providing a novel strategy for enhancing crop Hg and WD tolerance and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulou Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Hao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Haochi Long
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Liuyang Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Gengwei Li
- Xinxiang Grain, Oil and Feed Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Jiameng Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Yongchao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Yuling Li
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Qinghua Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Weiyu Shi
- Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ruixin Shao
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China.
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Nitric Oxide- and Sulfur-Mediated Reversal of Cadmium-Inhibited Photosynthetic Performance Involves Hydrogen Sulfide and Regulation of Nitrogen, Sulfur, and Antioxidant Metabolism in Mustard. STRESSES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/stresses2040037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to test the role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the responses regarding the nitric oxide- (NO) and sulfur (S)-mediated improvement in photosynthesis and growth under cadmium (Cd) stress in mustard (Brassica juncea L. cv. Giriraj), and integrate the mechanisms of S, nitrogen (N), and antioxidant metabolism. The plants grown with Cd (200 mg Cd kg−1 soil) exhibited reduced assimilation of S and N and diminished photosynthetic performance, which was associated with higher Cd accumulation-induced excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The application of 100 μM of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a NO donor) together with a more prominent concentration of S resulted in increased photosynthetic S- and N-use efficiency, production of non-protein thiols and phytochelatins, efficiency of enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase), non-enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbate and glutathione) limiting Cd accumulation and, thus, reduced oxidative stress (superoxide radical, hydrogen peroxide, and thiobarbituric acid reactive species content). The benefit of NO together with S was manifested through a modulation in H2S production. The use of 100 μM of hypotaurine (HT; H2S scavenger) or 100 μM of cPTIO (2-4-carboxyphenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide) in plants treated with NO plus S reversed the action of NO plus S, with a higher reduction in photosynthesis and growth with the use of HT, suggesting that H2S plays a significant role in the NO- and S-mediated alleviation of Cd stress. The interplay of NO and ES with H2S may be used in augmenting the photosynthesis and growth of Cd-grown mustard plants.
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Khan S, Sehar Z, Fatma M, Mir IR, Iqbal N, Tarighat MA, Abdi G, Khan NA. Involvement of ethylene in melatonin-modified photosynthetic-N use efficiency and antioxidant activity to improve photosynthesis of salt grown wheat. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13832. [PMID: 36437590 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of melatonin in the regulation of salt stress acclimation has been shown in plants in this present work. We found that the GOAL cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was the most salt-tolerant among the investigated cultivars, GOAL, HD-2967, PBW-17, PBW-343, PBW-550, and WH-1105 when screened for tolerance to 100 mM NaCl. The application of 100 μM melatonin maximally reduced oxidative stress and improved photosynthesis in the cv. GOAL. Melatonin supplementation reduced salt stress-induced oxidative stress by upregulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR), and reduced the glutathione (GSH) production. This resulted in increased membrane stability, photosynthetic-N use efficiency and photosynthesis in plants. The application of 50 μM of the ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) in the presence of melatonin and salt stress increased H2 O2 content but reduced GR activity and GSH, photosynthesis, and plant dry mass. This signifies that melatonin-mediated salt stress tolerance was related to ethylene synthesis as it improved antioxidant activity and photosynthesis of plants under salt stress. Thus, the interaction of melatonin and ethylene bears a prominent role in salt stress tolerance in wheat and can be used to develop salt tolerance in other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheen Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Zebus Sehar
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mehar Fatma
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Iqbal R Mir
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | | | | | - Gholamareza Abdi
- Department of Biotechnology, Persian Gulf Research Institute, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Nafees A Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Raza A, Salehi H, Rahman MA, Zahid Z, Madadkar Haghjou M, Najafi-Kakavand S, Charagh S, Osman HS, Albaqami M, Zhuang Y, Siddique KHM, Zhuang W. Plant hormones and neurotransmitter interactions mediate antioxidant defenses under induced oxidative stress in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:961872. [PMID: 36176673 PMCID: PMC9514553 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.961872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Due to global climate change, abiotic stresses are affecting plant growth, productivity, and the quality of cultivated crops. Stressful conditions disrupt physiological activities and suppress defensive mechanisms, resulting in stress-sensitive plants. Consequently, plants implement various endogenous strategies, including plant hormone biosynthesis (e.g., abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, brassinosteroids, indole-3-acetic acid, cytokinins, ethylene, gibberellic acid, and strigolactones) to withstand stress conditions. Combined or single abiotic stress disrupts the normal transportation of solutes, causes electron leakage, and triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, creating oxidative stress in plants. Several enzymatic and non-enzymatic defense systems marshal a plant's antioxidant defenses. While stress responses and the protective role of the antioxidant defense system have been well-documented in recent investigations, the interrelationships among plant hormones, plant neurotransmitters (NTs, such as serotonin, melatonin, dopamine, acetylcholine, and γ-aminobutyric acid), and antioxidant defenses are not well explained. Thus, this review discusses recent advances in plant hormones, transgenic and metabolic developments, and the potential interaction of plant hormones with NTs in plant stress response and tolerance mechanisms. Furthermore, we discuss current challenges and future directions (transgenic breeding and genome editing) for metabolic improvement in plants using modern molecular tools. The interaction of plant hormones and NTs involved in regulating antioxidant defense systems, molecular hormone networks, and abiotic-induced oxidative stress tolerance in plants are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology/College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hajar Salehi
- Laboratory of Plant Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Md Atikur Rahman
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Zainab Zahid
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Madadkar Haghjou
- Department of Biology, Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Shiva Najafi-Kakavand
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sidra Charagh
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hany S. Osman
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Albaqami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yuhui Zhuang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | | | - Weijian Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology/College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Mir AR, Alam P, Hayat S. Perspective of Melatonin-Mediated Stress Resilience and Cu Remediation Efficiency of Brassica juncea in Cu-Contaminated Soils. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:910714. [PMID: 35923886 PMCID: PMC9340790 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.910714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the influence of melatonin (MEL) on copper toxicity in terms of morphophysiological, microscopic, histochemical, and stress resilience responses in Brassica juncea. Different levels of Cu (0, 30, and 60 mg kg-1) were given in air-dried soil, and 25 days after sowing (DAS), plants were sprayed with 30, 40, or 50 μM of MEL. The results demonstrated that under Cu stress, a significant amount of Cu accumulated in plant tissues, particularly in roots than in upper ground tissues, thereby suppressing the overall growth as evidenced by decrease in tolerance index and photosynthesis and increase in oxidative stress biomarkers (reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and electrolyte leakage content) and cell death. Interestingly, the follow-up treatment of MEL, mainly 40 μM, efficiently improved the physio-biochemical and growth parameters, sugar accumulation, and metabolism. The potential of MEL in modulating Cu stress is attributed to its involvement in enriching the level of nutrient and improving chloroplast and stomatal organization besides lowering oxidative stress via enhanced levels of antioxidants. MEL improved the Cu reclamation potential in plants by enhancing Cu uptake and its translocation to aerial tissues. Principal component analysis showed that most of the morphophysiological and growth attributes were positively linked with MEL and negatively related to Cu levels, whereas all the stress-enhancing attributes showed a strong relationship with excessive Cu levels in soils. The present study suggested that MEL has the potential to improve growth and photosynthesis resulting in improved stress resilience under Cu stress along with increased remediation capability of mustard for remediation of Cu-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anayat Rasool Mir
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Pravej Alam
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shamsul Hayat
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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The Functional Interplay between Ethylene, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Sulfur in Plant Heat Stress Tolerance. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050678. [PMID: 35625606 PMCID: PMC9138313 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants encounter several abiotic stresses, among which heat stress is gaining paramount attention because of the changing climatic conditions. Severe heat stress conspicuously reduces crop productivity through changes in metabolic processes and in growth and development. Ethylene and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are signaling molecules involved in defense against heat stress through modulation of biomolecule synthesis, the antioxidant system, and post-translational modifications. Other compounds containing the essential mineral nutrient sulfur (S) also play pivotal roles in these defense mechanisms. As biosynthesis of ethylene and H2S is connected to the S-assimilation pathway, it is logical to consider the existence of a functional interplay between ethylene, H2S, and S in relation to heat stress tolerance. The present review focuses on the crosstalk between ethylene, H2S, and S to highlight their joint involvement in heat stress tolerance.
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