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Faria DL, Scatolino MV, de Oliveira JE, Gonçalves FG, Soriano J, de Paula Protásio T, Lelis RCC, de Carvalho LMH, Mendes LM, Junior JBG. Cardanol-based adhesive with reduced formaldehyde emission to produce particleboards with waste from bean crops. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:48270-48287. [PMID: 36759406 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25764-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Free formaldehyde is a carcinogen whose emission reduction in particleboard has been studied recently to mitigate this environmental and human health problem. One alternative to reduce the emission of formaldehyde in particleboards is by using adhesives produced from natural sources. Cardanol-formaldehyde is an environmentally friendly adhesive made with cashew nut liquid, a byproduct from the cashew chain. This work aimed to produce particleboard using cardanol-formaldehyde in place of urea. In addition, different proportions of bean straw wastes were used to replace pine wood. The combination of eco-friendly adhesive and lignocellulosic waste particles could result in a product that meets market demands while being environmentally nonaggressive. Cardanol-formaldehyde promoted a higher modulus of elasticity (MOE) (1172 MPa) and modulus of rupture (MOR) (4.39 MPa) about panels glued with urea-formaldehyde, which presented a MOE of 764 MPa and MOR of 2.45 MPa. Furthermore, the cardanol-formaldehyde adhesive promoted a 93% reduction in formaldehyde emission, with a reduction from 16.76 to 1.09 mg/100 g oven-dry board for particleboards produced with cardanol-formaldehyde, indicating potential as an adhesive in the particleboard industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Lamounier Faria
- Department of Forest Science, Federal University of Lavras - UFLA, Perimetral Av., POB 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-900, Brazil.
| | - Mário Vanoli Scatolino
- Agricultural Sciences Center, Federal University of the Semiarid - UFERSA, Mossoró, RN, 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Juliano Elvis de Oliveira
- Department of Engineering, Federal University of Lavras - UFLA, Perimetral Av., POB 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Fabricio Gomes Gonçalves
- Department of Forest and Wood Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Governador Carlos Lindemberg Av., 316, Jerônimo Monteiro, ES, 29550-000, Brazil
| | - Julio Soriano
- School of Agricultural Engineering - University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Candido Rondon Av, Campinas, SP, 13083-875, Brazil
| | | | - Roberto Carlos Costa Lelis
- Department of Forest Products, Forest Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, BR-465, Km 07, Seropédica, RJ, 23890-000, Brazil
| | - Luisa Maria Hora de Carvalho
- Department of Wood Engineering, School of Technology and Management of Viseu - ESTGV, Campus Politécnico, 3504-510, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Lourival Marin Mendes
- Department of Forest Science, Federal University of Lavras - UFLA, Perimetral Av., POB 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-900, Brazil
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